各真题里面上半部分下答案考研英语及

年全PartⅠCloseForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)①Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,he年全PartⅠCloseForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)①Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.②Hemuststorealargequantityofgrain1consumingallhisgrainimmediately.③Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily2heproducesasurplus.④Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance3theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto4oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto5thesoil.⑤Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigation6andimprovehisfarminotherways.⑥Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe7.⑦Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor8extrafundsintheformofloans.⑧Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow9ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot10obtainable.［139onlyifmuchasinsteadof［D］self-［D］［D］［D］10.［A］PartⅡReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked［A,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage①Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecomeadrivingforce.②WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.③Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④(11)AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.①Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasotherricher.②Justasinevitably,retreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.③Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.④SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.⑤By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.⑥(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea’sLGElectronicsinJuly.)⑦（12）Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintodomesticAmerica’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.⑧Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenext①Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.③Theybegantothattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.④Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.①Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.③（14）FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.④Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.⑤“Americanthattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.④Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.①Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.③（14）FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.④Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.⑤“Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-witted,”accordingtoRichardCavanaugh,executivedeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofGovernment.⑥“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheirproductivity,”saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.⑦AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodas“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.”［429TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarII［A］ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthis［B］itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthan［C］thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotential［D］theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitsThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthatthe［A］TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomestic［B］semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeign［C］machine-toolindustryhadcollapsedaftersuicidal［D］autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticWhatcanbeinferredfromthe［A］Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblind［B］Intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomic［C］Therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternational［D］AlonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherTheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedto［A］turningofthebusiness［C］improvedbusiness［B］restructuringof［D］successinPassage①（15）Beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.②Thereareabout105malesbornforevery100females,butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen.③Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.④Now,boybabiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyearswhentheyaresearchingforamate.⑥Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦Fiftyyearsago,thechanceofababy(particularlyaboysurvivingdependedonitsAkilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertaindeath.⑧Todayitmakesnodifference.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhas①Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:stayalive,buthavefewerchildren.②Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast.③Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfewwomenhave15children.④Nowadaysthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.⑤Mostofushaveroughlythesamenumberofoffspring.⑥（16）Again,differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished.⑦IndiawhatisThecountryofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribal⑧Thegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classIndiacomparedtothetribes.Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.②Strangely,ithasinvolvedlittlephysicalchange.③Nootherspeciesfillssomanyplacesinnature.④Butinthepast100,000years—eventhepast100years—ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.⑤（17）Wedidnotevolve,becausemachinesandsocietydiditforus.⑥Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:they“lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,atsomethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.”⑦Nodoubtwewillremembera20thcenturywayoflifecomprehensionforitsButhoweveramazedourdescendantsmaybeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,theylookjustlikeus.［40615.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirst［A］Alackof［lookjustlikeus.［40615.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirst［A］Alackof［C］Alowersurvival［B］Afierce［D］AdefectiveWhatdoestheexampleofIndia［A］Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoor［B］Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthe［C］Themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthe［D］IndiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthTheauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolving［A］lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnological［B］thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeen［C］ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageof［D］thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe［A］SexRatioChangesinHuman［B］WaysofContinuingMan’s［C］TheEvolutionaryFutureof［D］HumanEvolutionGoingPassage①（20）Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.②WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe—evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight—itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.①This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays:foracentury,pastconditionsoflifehavebeenconditionallyspeedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolenceandspeed.②Consequently,ourfeelings,thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.③（21）Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFuturist,requiresanewformofexpression.④Wemustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.⑤Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.⑥Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemustusemanysizesoftypeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshortenorlengthenwordsat①Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.②ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexplanatorynotesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver—andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsoftheofficers:“Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms.”①（22）This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetry,canhardlybeclassedasLiterature.②Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofexpression.③Thewholequestionisreallythis:haveweessentiallychanged?［334words］Thispassageis［A］asurveyofnewapproachesto［B］areviewofFuturist［C］aboutmeritsoftheFuturist［D］aboutlawsandrequirementsofWhenanovelliteraryideaappears,peopleshouldtry［A］determineits［C］followthenew21.Futuristsclaimthatwe［A］increasetheproductionof［B］usepoetrytorelievemodern［C］developnewmodesof［B］ignoreits［D］acceptthe［D］avoidusingadjectivesand22.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetry［A］basedonreasonable［B］［D］avoidusingadjectivesand22.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetry［A］basedonreasonable［B］newandacceptabletoordinary［C］indicativeofabasicchangeinhuman［D］moreofatransientphenomenonthanPassage①（23）AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyaretheenvyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.②ButincreasinglytheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditionalwork-moralvalues.③Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon’tknowwheretheyshouldgonext.①Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimitedtheopportunitiesofteen-agerswhoarealreadyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan’srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.②Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5percentofJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2percentofstudentsintheUnitedStates.③Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheircounterpartsinthe10othercountriessurveyed.①Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics,Japaneseeducationtendstostresstesttaking（25“Thosethingsthatdonotshowupinthemechanicallearningovercreativityandself-expression.scores—personality,ability,courageorhumanity—arecompletelyignored,”saysToshikiKaifu,chairmanoftherulingLiberalDemocraticParty’seducationcommittee.③“Frustrationagainstthiskindofthingleadskidstodropoutandrunwild.”④LastyearJapanexperienced2，125incidentsofschoolviolence,including929assaultsonteachers.⑤Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasisonmoraleducation.⑥LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatliberalreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesafterWorldWarIIhadweakenedthe“Japanesemoralityofrespectforparents.”①（26）ButthatmayhavemoretodowithJapaneselife-styles.②“InJapan,”sayseducatorYokoMuro,“it’sneveraquestionofwhetheryouenjoyyourjobandyourlife,butonlyhowmuchyoucanendure.”③Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan’s119millioncitizensliveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generationhouseholds.④UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthycommutes(travelstoandfromwork)andcrowdedlivingconditions,butastheoldgroupandfamilyvaluesweaken,thediscomfortisbeginningtotell.⑤Inthepastdecade,theJapanesedivorcerate,whilestillwellbelowthatoftheUnitedStates,hasincreasedbymorethan50percent,andsuicideshaveincreasedbynearlyone-quarter.［447words］23.IntheWesterners’eyes,thepostwarJapan［A］underaimless［C］arivaltothe［B］apositive［D］ontheAccordingtotheauthor,whatmaychieflyberesponsibleforthemoraldeclineofJapanese［A］Women’sparticipationinsocialactivitiesis［B］Moreworkersaredissatisfiedwiththeir［C］Excessiveemphasishasbeenplacedonthe［D］Thelife-stylehasbeeninfluencedbyWesternWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe［A］Japaneseeducationispraisedforhelpingtheyoungclimbthesocial［B］Japaneseeducationischaracterizedbymechanicallearningaswellas［C］Morestressshouldbeplacedonthecultivationof［D］DroppingoutleadstofrustrationagainsttestThechangeinJapaneselife-styleisrevealedinthefact［A］theyoungarelesstolerantofdiscomfortsin［B］thedivorcerateinJapanexceedsthatinthe［C］theJapaneseenduremorethanever［D］theJapaneseappreciatetheirpresentPassage①（27）Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestiny—mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.②Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.③（28）Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.④Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition—ifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.⑤Thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofPassage①（27）Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestiny—mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.②Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.③（28）Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.④Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition—ifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.⑤Thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorseshaveescaped—withtheeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.①Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.②Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWs—thelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.③（29）Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.④Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.⑤Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbutavoidappearingambitious.”①Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.②Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.③Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessprofessed.④Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,ormade⑤Such,then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andmajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.［431words］Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregarded［A］itsreturnswellcompensateforthe［B］itisrewardedwithmoney,fameand［C］itsgoalsarespiritualratherthan［D］itissharedbytherichandtheThelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatit［A］customaryoftheeducatedtodiscardambitionin［B］toolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenlet［C］dishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfillmentofthe［D］impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromSomepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambition［A］theythinkofitas［B］theirpursuitsarenotfameor［C］ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterial［D］theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandFromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbeinthemiddle,asusual,［A］secretlyand［C］easilyand［B］openlyand［D］verballyandPartⅢEnglish-ChineseReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationmustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Governmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyoneconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.31）Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasuresofcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.32）Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilizedtothecontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.32）Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilizedtothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchinvariousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;theymayalterthestructureofeducation,orinterfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesortapresourceshithertounexploited;ortheymaycooperatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscience,economicsandindustry.Inanycase,allsuchinterventionsareheavilydependentonscientificadviceandalsoscientificandtechnologicalmanpowerofallkinds.33）Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestillfurtherinnovationsforthereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughouttheworldistakingplaceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,34）intheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed—wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthecommunityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsforthegovernmentsconcerned.35）Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.Asaresultofallthesefactors,governmentsarebecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsforplanningtheappropriateprogramsandputtingthemintoeffect.［390SectionⅣWriting(15Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayofatleast150YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEETYouressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:1）Describethepictures.DeducethepurposeofthepainteroftheSuggestcounter-2000年英语试题答PartⅠCloze.3.2000年英语试题答PartⅠCloze..10.ⅡReadingPassage11.C12.PartⅢEnglish-ChineseSectionⅣWriting(15试题精PartⅠClose试题精PartⅠClose一、文章总二、试题具1.\[Aotherthan[C]insteadof而不是……（表选择[B]aswellas也，又（表示附加[D]morethan比……更多（表比较storealargequantityofgrain（存储大量的粮食另一种consumingallhisgrainimmediately（立即把他所有的粮食都消费完。显然前一种做法是农民可以成功的做法，因此空格处需要一个［空格设置］insteadof是连接性介词，体现上下文语义上的逻辑关系。insteadof表选择关系，意为“代替，在家里，不出门。其他连接性介词还包括becauseof（因为，despite（尽管，besides（除了）等。［干扰项设置］其他项的短语都可用于连接前后并列的两部分。otherthan常用于否定句中，实际上是对后面aswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.编辑和校对者都在加班工作。Ilikehermorethanherhusband.我比较喜[C]longbefore早在…以前(表时间[B]muchas尽管，虽然(表让步[Deversince自从(表时间himselfandhisfamilyonlyif引导条件状语从句，代入句中，意为“只有生产有剩余，农largequantityofgrain和③句的producesasurplus是近义复现，实现了句子之间的语义衔接。［空格设置］onlyifonlyifif的强调形式，在文中用于强调存储粮食的必要性。onlyif用于句首时，主句一般要倒装，如：Onlyiftheredlightcomesonisthereanythingwrongwiththemachine.supporttoprovidefromhisfirstmarriage.马克得供养他第一次婚姻生的两个孩子。Heturnedtocrimetosupporthisdrughabit.他为维持吸surpluses过剩的农产品。它和上文storealargequantity相呼应。［干扰项设置］其他项也是主从复合句的连接词。例句：Muchassheneededthejob,shehadtorefuse.常需要这份工作，她只能拒绝。常需要这份工作，她只能拒绝。ShehadseenthefilmabroadlongbeforeitwasshowninBeijing.早在这部电影在北京上映之前，她就在国外看过了。Shehadbeenworryingeversincetheletterarrived.3.[A]for为了，至于，对于，适用+［快速解题］④句提到，农民可以将余粮用于三种用途：asseed，asaninsuranceasacommodity。空格处填theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherinsurance的后置定语，意为“作为…恶劣天气Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways“（防备不测的保障措施，安全保证”，如：Atthattimepeoplehadlargefamiliesasaninsuranceagainstsomechildren［干扰项设置］其他项都是常用的介词。for可指“以帮助，为了……”，如：soldiersfightingfortheircountry为祖国出征的军人；或表示目的或用途，如：amachineforslicingbread（用于）切面包片机。toward可指“对，对4.[A]replace取代，替换；更新，更supplementdispose（~of）+［快速解题］空格所在部分谈到农民把余粮作为商品（asacommodity）出售的目的之一是：4oldagricultural［篇章分析］commoditywhich引导的定语从句，具体说明余粮作为商品的用途：更换旧农具及购买化肥。定语从句中，inorderto连接两个并列的不定式结构toreplace...and(to)obtain...做目的状语。［空格设置］④句较长，其中嵌套了which引导的定语从句。replace一词含义虽然简单，但需要通过理解上［干扰项设置］implements（工具，器具）构成动宾搭配。例句：Theypurchasedthelandfor$1million.100万美元买下了这块土地。adietsupplementedwithvitaminpills有维生素片的饮食。dispose意为“排列，安排，布置”，disposeofsb/sth可意为“处置，清除，销毁”，如：Hedisposedofhisoldcar.他5.[A]enhance提高，增强，增进（效力、影响、价值等mix（使）feed供给必需品，喂养，饲［快速解题］空格部分谈到农民把余粮作为商品出售的另一目的：obtainchemicalfertilizersto5thesoil。选项中enhance从含义上看似乎符合上下文语义要求，但它通常与抽象名词搭配；mixthesoil指“混合（不同的土壤不符合文意；raisesoil做宾语。只有feedsoil搭配，feed为引申义，意为“给土壤增加养料”，符合文意。feedafamilyoffivefeedafamilyoffiveon$100aweek.100feed是比喻用法，需要根据［干扰项设置］enhance在词义上形成干扰，如：Healthenhancesbeauty.健康使人显得更美。mix利用句中出现的两个事物“化肥”与“土壤”形成“将二者混合”的干扰，如：Oildoesnotmixwithwater.油不和水相溶。][D]channels+［快速解题］irrigation（灌溉）routespaths，它们主要指［篇章分析］⑤句和④句后半部分（asacommoditywhichhemust...）含义密切相关。⑤句承接上文，继续介（行。drainagechannelsinthericefields稻田的排水沟。考生较熟悉的是它的前几个义项，此处考察了它表示“水渠”的含义及与irrigation的搭配。风行经的路线；它还可比喻为“行动计划，成功途径”，如：acareerpath职业道路；thepathtofreedom/success通向7.[A]self-confident自信[C]self-satisfied自满的，自鸣得[D]self-restrained［空格设置］此题实际上是通过考查复合形容词来考查上下文的语义。self-sufficient与上文③句中support如：Thecountryistotallyself-sufficientinfoodproduction.在粮食生产上，这个国家完全达到了自给自足。［干扰项设置］self-构成的复合形容词，且都可修饰farmers。例句：aself-confidentmanner自的态度。Hehadaself-satisfiedsmileonhisface.他脸上挂着得意洋洋的笑容。herself-restrainedsmile她克制的微8.[Asearch搜[C]offer[B]save配介词forseek，放入文中，意为“寻求以贷款的形式获得的额外资金”。［篇章分析］cannotbeself-sufficient：他或者需要变卖财产，或者需要［空格设置］本题既考查了动词与名词（extrafundsintheformofloans）的搭配，又考查了上下文意。seek意为“寻找；寻求，谋求”，如：seeknewwaysofexpandingmembership探索发展会员的新途径。示地点的名词做宾语，或示地点的名词做宾语，或用~forsth/sb，表示“找寻（某人/物searchedtheplaneforsurvivors搜查飞机寻9.[A]proportion比例，比率，均[C]rate[D]ratioofinterest或interestrate意为“利率”，是固定搭配。［篇章分析］⑦⑧句是承接关系，⑦句提到农民不能自足时，要去借贷，⑧句说明借贷时会遇到的困难。⑧句中borrowmoney与⑦句中extrafundsintheformofloans是近义复现，实现了句子之间的衔接。hourlyrateofpay按小时支付的低/高报酬；thebasicrateoftax基本税额。文中用到的是第二个含义。［干扰项设置］rate的近义干扰。proportion意为“比例，比率”，birthstodeaths人口出生与死亡的比例；另一个是inproportionto（数量之间的一种关系，暗指如果一方发生变化则另一方也随之发生相应的变化，如：happinessnotinproportiontovirtue幸福与美德不成比例。percentage意为“百分比”，如：Whatpercentageofthestudentswereabsent?旷课的学生占百分之几？ratio指“两件相似事情在程度或数[C]presumably可能地，大概,［快速解题］but引导的转折分句，前文提到农民自然想获得低利率贷款，后半句转折指出：但是这genuinelyobtainable搭配。obviously表示的“明［篇章分析］but连接的表转折关系的并列句，thiskind即指上文lowrateofinterest（低利率［干扰项设置］其他项都是副词，是根据中文含义设置的干扰。例句：Hegenuinelybelievesinwhathesells.真地相信他卖的东西。Hewasobviouslydrunk.他显然是喝醉了。Presumablythebadweatherhasdelayedtheflight.大三、全文翻PartⅡReadingPassage一、核心词ata困惑，不知例：I’matalosswhattodonext.我对下一步做什么心里没谱havebeenacasualtyoftherecession.小商店在经济萧条中深受其害。3.［U］急救室，急诊室vi.*1.tograduallydisappear逐渐消例：Herbeautyhasfadedalittlevi.*1.tograduallydisappear逐渐消例：Herbeautyhasfadedalittle.她的美貌已有点失色。2.tobecomeweakervt.&vi.（使）褪色（使）失去光例：Thesunhadfadedthecurtains.太阳把窗帘晒得褪了色a1.2.热烈赞扬的，热情洋溢的aglowingaccount/report热情洋溢的叙述/*3.光明的，辉煌的；glowv.发热，发光，发红n.光亮，光辉vt.giveorbeadisadvantagetosb/sth对（某人、某物）设置不利条件;被施加不利条件例：behandicappedbyalackofeducation因文化水平低而吃亏n.［C］1.（由于受到损坏而产生的身体或智力上的）残*2.障碍，不利例：Illiteracyisaserious.ahandicapof7ingolf.她在高尔夫球比赛中让了7杆。onthe岌岌可危，即将灭亡，处n.优势，主导地位；predominanta.占优势的；主要的；突出的a.机敏的，富于机智的；witn.n./vi1［U（承诺的撤回（立场的aretreatfromhard-linepolicies放弃强硬政策*2.［C，U］amovementawayfromaplaceoranenemybecauseofdangerordefeat撤退，退却，撤离例：Napoleon’sretreatfromMoscow拿破仑从莫斯科的撤退3.［C］（对某个环境的）逃避，躲避，隐退..vi.（尤指