2022-2023学年山东省青岛中学上学期十一年级（四年制高三）期中英语（解析版）

青岛中学2022—2023学年度第一学期期中诊断十一年级英语试题注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号等填写在答题卡指定位置上,并按照要求正确粘贴条形码。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,试卷自行留存,将答题卡上交。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asweater.B.Askirt.C.Abag.2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inadininghall.C.Inacafe.3.WhatkindofanimaldoesSimonlike?A.Cats.B.Dogs.C.Rabbits.4.Whatwillthewomandoforthemantomorrow?A.Treathimtolunch.B.Tutorhiminhisstudies.C.Writehimathank-younote.5.Howmuchwillthemanpayfinally?A.¥50.B.¥65.C.¥150.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。6.Whatkindofcardoesthewomanhave?A.Anoldone.B.Abrokenone.C.Abrandnewone.7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Takeajoboverseas.B.Gointothecarbusiness.C.Helpsellhiscousin’scar.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。8Whatisthemanexpecting?A.Anoutdooractivity.B.Aphonecall.C.Animportantperson.9.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Colleagues.C.Neighbors.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。10.Howmanytimeshasthemanbeenlateforworkthisweek?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.11.Whatdidthemandoamomentago?A.Hereadanewspaper.B.Hetookashower.C.Hehadhisbreakfast.12.Wherearetheman’sglassesmostprobably?A.Inthebathroom.B.Inthediningroom.C.Inthelivingroom.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。13.Whydidthemanhaveacaraccident?A.Hewasdrivingtoofast.B.Hedidn’tkeephiseyesontheroad.C.Hewasansweringthephone.14.Whendidthemangotothehospital?A.OnChristmasEve.B.OnChristmasDay.C.OnDecember26th.15.WhatdidthemandoinMarch?A.Hetookpartinthemarathon.B.Hestayedinhospital.C.HewenttoTokyoforsightseeing.16.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Annoyed.B.Worried.C.Surprised.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。17Howmanystudentsarethereintheschool?A.1.B.2.C.12.18.WhatdoesWangHaoinsistdoing?A.Goingtoschoolontime.B.Ringingtheschoolbells.C.Taking6classesaday.19.WhatdoestheclassteacherencourageWangHaotodo?A.Helphisfatherwithwork.B.Treathislessonsseriously.C.Playwithotherchildren.20.Whatwastheschoollikebefore2010?A.Therewerelessthan200students.B.Thereweredozensofteachers.C.Teachersgraduallytransferredtoschoolsintowns.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ATopFourMarathonsPortlandMarathonThemarathonwelcomes8,000peopleeveryfall.It’sagreateventforfirst-timersbecauseeveryoneischeeredonwithenthusiasmnomatterhowlongittakestocrossthefinishline.Thetimelimitforthefullmarathonisnowatapaceofminutespermile,or6hoursand33minutes,butinthepastithadanopentimelimit.Theypromiseyou’llstillreceiveyourmedalifyoufallbehindthepace,butyouhavetofinishusingthesidewalks.TCSNewYorkCityMarathonAstheworld’sbiggestmarathon,theTCSNewYorkCityMarathonattractsover50,000peopletotheBigAppleeachNovember.Thetimelimitisgenerouseightandahalfhours,butparticipantsmustmovetothesidewalkiftheydropbelow15-minutemile.Thefamouscoursesnakesthroughfiveboroughs(行政区)ofthecityandcrossesfivebridgestoendinCentralPark.HonoluloMarathonThemarathonattractsover30,000participantseachDecember.TheracestartsonAlaMoanaBoulevardindowntownHonoluluandsnakesitswayalongthebreathtakingHawaiiancoastlinetothefinishlineinKapiolaniPark.Thestarttimeisat5:00amwithfinishlineservicesofficiallyopenuntil2:00pm.However,theorganizersalloweveryonetofinishandhavewaitersonhanduntil4:00pm.BostonMarathonThemarathonisheldinMayeveryyear.Forthiseventrunningisn’tallowedasthecitystreetsaren’tclosedoff.Participantsmustinsteadmaketheirwayalongsidewalksundertheguidanceofeventorganizersandcitypolice.Theeventattractsover8,000peoplewhocanchooseanythingfromthree-milewalktothefull26.2-mileBostonMarathonroute.1.Whereisanewmarathonrunnermostlikelytoreceiveenthusiasticcheers?A.InPortland. B.InNewYork.C.InHonolulu. D.InBoston.2.WhatcanweknowaboutTCSNewYorkCityMarathon?A.Itisextremelypopular. B.Ithasanopentimelimit.C.Itstartsandendsinapark. D.Itforbidsusingthesidewalk.3.Whichmarathonisheldtheearliestinayear?A.PortlandMarathon. B.TCSNewYorkCityMarathon.C.BostonMarathon. D.HonoluluMarathon.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项马拉松比赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章PortlandMarathon中的“It’sagreateventforfirst-timersbecauseeveryoneischeeredonwithenthusiasmnomatterhowlongittakestocrossthefinishline.(对于第一次参加比赛的人来说，这是一件大事，因为每个人都被热情所鼓舞，不管需要多长时间才能冲过终点线。)”可知，马拉松新手在波特兰马拉松中最有可能得到热情的欢呼。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章TCSNewYorkCityMarathon中的“Astheworld’sbiggestmarathon,theTCSNewYorkCityMarathonattractsover50,000peopletotheBigAppleeachNovember.(作为世界上最大的马拉松，TCS纽约马拉松每年11月都会吸引5万多人来到纽约。)”可知，参加人员之多。从而可推断，纽约马拉松十分受欢迎。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章PortlandMarathon中的“Themarathonwelcomes8,000peopleeveryfall.(每年秋天，马拉松都会迎来8000人。)”、TCSNewYorkCityMarathon中“Astheworld’sbiggestmarathon,theTCSNewYorkCityMarathonattractsover50,000peopletotheBigAppleeachNovember.(作为世界上最大的马拉松，TCS纽约马拉松每年11月都会吸引5万多人来到纽约。)”、HonoluluMarathon中“Themarathonattractsover30,000participantseachDecember.(每年12月，马拉松都会吸引3万多名参赛者。)”及BostonMarathon中“ThemarathonisheldinMayeveryyear.(马拉松每年五月举行。)”可知，波士顿马拉松是一年中举行最早的。故选C。BOnacoldwinterdayinDenver,Iwaitedinlinetoseemyhero,JackCanfield,theco-authorofthebest-sellingChickenSoupfortheSoulseriesandtheauthorofTheSuccessPrinciples.WhatJackhadbecomewasaversionofwhatIwantedtobe.Duringhistalk,Jack1hiswallet,pulledoutahundred-dollarbill,andsaid,"Whowantsthis?"Hnadsshotupintheaudience;peopleleanedforwardtoseewhomJackwouldchoose.ButIranupthestairstothestageandgrabbedthebillfromhishand.Heturnedtomeandsaid,“Yes,that’sit!Insteadofwaitingaroundforopportunities,simplytaketheinitiativeandcreatewhatwewant!”Afterthisweek,Iaskedforhispersonale-mailaddressandsenthime-mailsharingmyviewsanddreams.Hekindlye-mailedbacksimpleencouragementsuchas“Keepthinkingandplayingbigger;it’smuchmorefunthatway.Love,Jack.”ThenIgotoccupiedwithotherthingsinlifeandIstoppede-mailJack.Ayearlater,mydreamgraduallyfaded.IhadthisideaifIgotbackintouchwithJack.Ie-mailedhimagainandagainbutgotnoresponse.AsIsatdownatmycomputertocheckmye-mailforthefifthtimein15minutes,aninspirationcamelikelighting:WhatwasIdoing?WasIwaitingfortheprizeoflife?IknewIneededtodosomethingaboutallthiswaiting.Iwasgoingtowriteabook,whichIwouldcall“WaitingforJack”!Itallsoundedgood,butthenrealityhit.SomenightsIcriedandwantedtogiveup.Iwroteandrewrote.EventhoughIcouldfeelthefear,Ididitanyway.Fortunately,threeyearslater,WaitingforJackturnsoutabest-selleronAmazon!Weallhavea“Jack”forwhomwewait—whetherit’saperson,aplaceorathing.NowIwouldliketoaskyou:whatareyouwaitingfor?4.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthattheauthor_________.A.wantedJacktoautographherbookB.wantedtobeassuccessfulasJackC.wantedtomakefriendswithJackD.wantedtogethelpfromJack5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatJackCanfieldisprobablyapersonwho________.A.enjoysplayingalotB.likesshowingoffhiswealthC.seldomtakesrisksD.welcomeschallengesinlife6.HowdidtheauthorlosecontactwithJack?A.SheandJackhadanargumentB.ShehadnotimetocontactJackC.JackwastooproudtogetalongwithD.Shewastooupsetwithherbrokendream7.WhatmightbethethemeofthebookWaitingforJack?A.ThedisappointmentofwaitingforherheroJackB.TheneedtokeepwaitingfortheprizeofourlifeC.TheimportanceoftakingactiontoachieveagoalD.Theharmofblindlyworshippingothersasheroes【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者是如何写出《等待杰克》这本书的，告诉我们，不要等待，要采取行动才能实现自己的目标。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“WhatJackhadbecomewasaversionofwhatIwantedtobe.(杰克变成了我想成为的一个版本。)”可知作者想跟杰克一样成功。故选B【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Heturnedtomeandsaid,“Yes,that’sit!Insteadofwaitingaroundforopportunities,simplytaketheinitiativeandcreatewhatwewant!”(他转向我说：“是的，就这样！而不是等待机会，只是采取主动，创造我们想要的！”)”可知杰克欢迎生活中的挑战。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“ThenIgotoccupiedwithotherthingsinlifeandIstoppede-mailJack.”可知，然后我忙于生活中的其他事情，我停止了与杰克的电子邮件往来。可知作者没有时间联系杰克，失去了和他的联系。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据的“Weallhavea“Jack”forwhomwewait—whetherit’saperson,aplaceorathing.NowIwouldliketoaskyou:whatareyouwaitingfor?(我们都有一个“杰克”，我们等待着——无论是一个人，一个地方还是一个东西。现在我想问你：你在等什么？)”可知，《等待杰克》这本书的主题是采取行动对实现一个目标的重要性，故选CCSomehousesaredesignedtobesmartOthershavesmartdesigns.AnexampleofthesecondtypeofhousewonanAwardofExcellencefromtheAmericanInstituteofArchitects.LocatedontheshoreofSullivan’sIslandoffthecoastofSouthCarolina,theaward-winningcube-shapedbeachhousewasbuilttoreplaceonesmashedtopiecesbyHurricaneHugoafewyearsago.HugostruckSoutiiCarolina,killing18peopleanddamagingordestroying36,000homesinthestate.BeforeHugo,manynewhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina’sshorelinewerepoorlyconstructed,andenforcementofbuildingcodeswasn’tstrict,accordingtoarchitectRayHuff,whocreatedthecleverly-designedbeachhouse.InHugo’swake,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedcodes.ThenewbeachhouseonSullivan’sIslandshouldbeabletowithstandaCategory3hurricanewithpeakwindsof179to209kilometersperhour.Atfirstsight,thehouseonSullivan’sIslandlooksanythingbuthurricane-proof.Itsredwoodshellmakesitresemble“alargepartylantern”atnight,accordingtooneobserver.Butlookscanbedeceiving.Thehousedwoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.Tofurtherprotectthehousefromhurricanedamage,Huffraisedit2.7metersoffthegroundontimber(木材)pilings—long,slendercolumnsofwoodanchoreddeepinthesand.Pilingsmightappearinsecure,buttheyarestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofthehouse.Theyalsoelevatethehouseabovestormsurges.Thepilingsallowthesurgestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit.“Theseswellsofwatercomeashoreattremendousspeedsandcausemostofthedamagedonetobeach-frontbuildings,”saidHuff.Huffdesignedthetimberpilingstobepartiallyconcealed(隐藏)bythehouse’sground-to-roofshell.“Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn’tlooklikeit’sstandingwithitspantlegspulledup,”saidHuff.Intheeventofastormsurge,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse,thearchitectexplained.8.Theaward-winningbeachhouseisquitestrongbecause________.A.itisstrengthenedbysteelrods B.itismadeofredwoodC.itisintheshapeofashell D.itisbuiltwithtimberandconcrete9.Huffraisedthehouse2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilingsinorderto________.A.withstandpeakwindsofabout200km/hrB.anchorstrongerpilingsdeepinthesandC.breakhugeseawavesintosmalleronesD.preventwaterfromrushingintothehouse10.Themainfunctionoftheshellis________.A.tostrengthenthepilingsofthehouseB.togivethehouseabetterappearanceC.toprotectthewoodenframeofthehouseD.toslowdownthespeedoftheswellingwater11.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheshellshouldbe________.A.fancy-looking B.waterproofC.easilybreakable D.extremelystrong【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一座海滨别墅以其独特的设计获得大奖。这座房子既抗风防浪，又美观坚固。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thehousedwoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.”可知，封起来了的木制框架用长钢条加强，给了它额外的力量，因此非常牢固。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Pilingsmightappearinsecure,buttheyarestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofthehouse.Theyalsoelevatethehouseabovestormsurges.（桩基可能看起来不安全，但它们足够坚固来支撑房子的重量。它们还能将房子抬高到风暴潮以上）”可知，Huff用木桩基将房子抬高到离地面2.7米以上，是为了当风暴潮来临时，风暴潮可以从房子下面冲过去，这样可以防止水冲进房子。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn’tlooklikeit’sstandingwithitspantlegspulledup（外壳遮盖了木桩，这样房子看起来不会像卷起裤腿站着的样子）”可知，外壳遮盖了木桩，是为了让房子外观更美。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段中提到“Intheeventofastormsurge,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse,thearchitectexplained.（建筑师解释说，在风暴潮涌来的情况下，外壳应该会裂开，让海浪从房子下面冲过去）”。由此可以推断，外壳应该很容易破裂。故选C项。DOffthecoastofFormentera,anisland,livesseagrassthatstretches15km.Theseagrass,coveringseveralkilometers,ismadeupofasingleorganism.Thegrassesarealsolong-lived,fortensorhundredsofthousandsofyears.Alongwithtwootherkindsofcoastalecosystem—mangroveswampsandtidalmarshes—seagrassfieldsareparticularlygoodattakingcarbondioxidefromtheair.ThisrolewashighlightedinareportpublishedonMarch2ndbyUNESCO,on“bluecarbon”—thecarbonstoredbyEarth’soceanicandcoastalecosystems.Intotalaround3,300milliontonsofcarbondioxide(aboutthree-quartersoftheworld’semissionsin2019)arelockedawayintheplanet’sblue-carbonsinks.ResearchbyCarlosDuarte,thereport’sauthorandanecologist,hasshownthatonehectareofseagrasscansuckasmuchcarbondioxideeachyearas15hectaresofrainforest.Onereasonthatblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinksisthatunderwaterforestsarethickerthantheland-basedwoods.Theycanalsotrapfloatingpiecesandorganicmatter,whichsettlesontheseafloorandcandoubletheamountofcarbonstoredaway.Theypossessanotheradvantage,too.Climatechangeisleadingtomorewildfiresaroundtheworld.Asforestsburn,theircarbonstocksaresentbackintotheatmosphere.Unlikeforestsonland,blue-carbonecosystemsdonotburn.Blue-carbonecosystemsmaynotbefired,buttheyremainaffectedbyothersortsofdisasters.InMay2020cycloneAmphandestroyed1,200squarekilometersofmangroveforests.AmarineheatwaveinAustralianwatersin2010and2011damagedaroundonethirdoftheworld’slargestseagrassfieldinSharkBay.Mangroveforestscanweakenorcontrolwavesandprovidenaturalbarrierstostormsurges.Protectingandexpandingthem,then,appearstobeamust.12.Whatdotheblue-carbonecosystemsconsistof?A.Thecarbonstoredincoastalecosystems.B.SeagrasslivingoffthecoastofFormentera.C.Asingleorganism,seagrassfieldsandforestsonland.D.Seagrassfields,mangroveswampsandtidalmarshes.13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theconcreteroleof“bluecarbon”. B.Thespecialfeaturesoftheseagrass.C.Thestorageabilityoftheblue-carbonsinks. D.Thefindingsabouttheblue-carbonecosystems.14.Whycantheblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinks?A.Becausetheyaren’tinfluencedbydisasters. B.Becausethereismorecarboninwaterthanonland.C.Becausetheircarbonstocksarereleasedback. D.Becausetheyhavegreaterabsorbingability.15.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toaddbackgroundinformation. B.Togivesuggestions.C.Tolistinfluentialexamples. D.Toofferscientificdata.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蓝碳生态系统的组成、作用以及影响蓝碳生态系统的因素。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“OffthecoastofFormentera,anisland,livesseagrassthatstretches15km.Theseagrass,coveringseveralkilometers,ismadeupofasingleorganism.Thegrassesarealsolong-lived,fortensorhundredsofthousandsofyears.Alongwithtwootherkindsofcoastalecosystem—mangroveswampsandtidalmarshes—seagrassfieldsareparticularlygoodattakingcarbondioxidefromtheair.(福门特拉岛海岸附近生长着长达15公里的海草。海草覆盖数公里，由单一的生物组成。草的寿命也很长，可以存活数万年或数十万年。和其他两种沿海生态系统——红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽一样，海草田特别擅长从空气中吸收二氧化碳)”可知，蓝碳生态系统由海草地、红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽组成。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ThisrolewashighlightedinareportpublishedonMarch2ndbyUNESCO,on“bluecarbon”—thecarbonstoredbyEarth’soceanicandcoastalecosystems.Intotalaround3,300milliontonsofcarbondioxide(aboutthree-quartersoftheworld’semissionsin2019)arelockedawayintheplanet’sblue-carbonsinks.ResearchbyCarlosDuarte,thereport’sauthorandanecologist,hasshownthatonehectareofseagrasscansuckasmuchcarbondioxideeachyearas15hectaresofrainforest.(3月2日，联合国教科文组织发表了一份关于“蓝色碳”（地球海洋和沿海生态系统储存的碳）的报告，强调了这种作用。总共约33亿吨二氧化碳（约占2019年全球排放量的四分之三）被锁在地球的蓝色碳汇中。该报告的作者兼生态学家CarlosDuarte的研究表明，一公顷海草每年吸收的二氧化碳相当于15公顷雨林)”可知，第二段主要讲了蓝碳汇的储存能力。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Onereasonthatblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinksisthatunderwaterforestsarethickerthantheland-basedwoods.Theycanalsotrapfloatingpiecesandorganicmatter,whichsettlesontheseafloorandcandoubletheamountofcarbonstoredaway.(蓝碳生态系统产生如此有效的碳汇的一个原因是水下森林比陆地森林更厚。它们还能捕获漂浮在海底的碎片和有机物，从而使碳的储存量增加一倍)”可知，蓝碳生态系统能产生如此有效的碳汇因为他们有更强的吸收能力。故选D。15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Blue-carbonecosystemsmaynotbefired,buttheyremainaffectedbyothersortsofdisasters.InMay2020cycloneAmphandestroyed1,200squarekilometersofmangroveforests.AmarineheatwaveinAustralianwatersin2010and2011damagedaroundonethirdoftheworld’slargestseagrassfieldinSharkBay.Mangroveforestscanweakenorcontrolwavesandprovidenaturalbarrierstostormsurges.Protectingandexpandingthem,then,appearstobeamust.(蓝碳生态系统可能不会被烧毁，但它们仍然受到其他类型的灾难的影响。2020年5月，飓风“安潘”摧毁了1200平方公里的红树林。2010年和2011年，澳大利亚水域的海洋热浪破坏了鲨鱼湾约三分之一的世界最大海草场。红树林可以削弱或控制海浪，并为风暴潮提供天然屏障。因此，保护和扩大它们似乎是必须的)”可推知，最后一段的目的是给出建议。故选B。阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePomodoroTechniquewasdevelopedbyFrancescoCirillointhe1980s.Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled"pomodori."___16___Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.It'ssimpleandeasytouse.Followthestepsbelowtostartusingit.●Checkyourschedule.Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.___17___Estimatehowlongeachtaskshouldtakeyou,intermsofthenumberofpomodoriyouwillneedtocompleteit.●Setyourtimer.Beforeyoustart,makesurethatyouhaveeverythingyouneed.Setyourtimerfortheworkperiodyou'vesettledon.●Takeashortbreak.Whenyourtimergoesoff,takeafive-minutebreak.Youshoulddothisevenifyou'rebusy,becausethesebreaksareyourtimetorestand"rechargeyourbatteries."___18___ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.●___19___Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.Useittogoforawalk,havelunch,readabook...anything,solongasittakesyouawayfromyourdeskforawhileandclearsyourmind.Remember,itisimportanttolistentoyourbody.Ifyourmindstartstowanderoryoustarttofeeltired,don'tpushthroughtotheendofthesession.___20___Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.A.Youmightwanttoexperimentwiththis.BYoucanusewhateversortoftimeryoulike.C.Aftereachsession,youtakeafive-minutebreak.D.Irregularshortbreakshelptokeepyoufocusedandenergetic.E.Continueyourworksessionsandtakealongerbreak.F.Cirilloarguesthatenergylevelsarefarmoreimportantthantime.G.Lookatyourto-dolistandthinkaboutwhatyouneedtodotoday.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.E20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。【16题详解】根据上一句Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled“pomodori.”这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.

当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。【17题详解】根据上一句Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.

你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】根据下一句ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】此处是本段小标题。根据下文

Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.

Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.

当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】根据下一句Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。第三部分完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sittingatatableinmyschoolcafeteria,Ilookedaround,slowlytakingineverything.Studentafterstudentpassedmy___21___carryingthatday’slunch,butifyoulookeddeeper,therewasmoreto___22___.Therewasmorethanjusttheuniformtheywerewearing,orthewaytheyhadstyledtheirhairthatday.Therewasalotmorehiddenunderthe___23___.Catchingtheeyeofagirlinmygradesittingatanearbytable,Iwavedpolitely.Shesmiled___24___andthencontinuedtopickatthespaghettiinfrontofher.IfIhadn't___25___recentlythathermotherwasdyingofleukemia,Iwouldhavenever___26___anythingwaswrongandImaynothavebeenas___27___andsympathetic,either.Itsuddenly___28___methatwejudgeotherstooquicklywithoutknowingthewholestory.Ihaveanincurablelungdisease.Nooneatourschoolknows---Idon'tshowanynoticeable___29___exceptforafewcoughshereandthere.Igoaboutmydaylikeanyotherkid,___30___withtherealizationthatIhavea___31___andterrifyingfuture.BeforethatdaywhenIdecidedto___32___theworldwithanewperspective,I___33___myselfalmosteveryday.Ithoughtonlyaboutmyselfandmyheavy___34___.ButI'venowrealizednooneis___35___----wejustneedtoacceptthewayweare.21.A.order B.room C.table D.cafeteria22.A.imagine B.compare C.observe D.exchange23.A.uniform B.rules C.circumstances D.surface24.A.weakly B.casually C.happily D.impatiently25.A.found B.noticed C.heard D.decided26.A.remembered B.suspected C.predicted D.regretted27.A.willing B.outstanding C.understanding D.demanding28.A.escaped B.satisfied C.hit D.attracted29.A.diseases B.symptoms C.complaints D.weaknesses30.A.but B.and C.or D.so31.A.bright B.real C.serious D.dark32.A.tolerate B.create C.change D.view33.A.forgave B.pitied C.challenged D.encouraged34.A.debt B.reward C.burden D.workload35.A.changeable B.perfect C.unique D.different【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.C29.B30.A31.D32.D33.B34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者观察生活并进行反思的故事，启迪读者要正确看待生活中的不幸。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个接一个的学生端着那天的午餐从我的桌子旁走过。A.order命令；B.room房间；C.table桌子；D.cafeteria小餐厅。根据上文“Sittingattableinmyschoolcafeteria”我坐在学校食堂的桌子旁，可知，此处指的是学生们路过作者所坐的餐桌。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果你看得更深入一些，就会发现有更多值得注意的东西。A.imagine想象；B.compare比较；C.observe观察；D.exchange交换。根据上文“butifyoulookeddeeper”但如果你深入观察，可知，此处表示作者认为有更多有待观察的东西。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：表面之下隐藏着更多的东西。A.uniform制服；B.rules规则；C.circumstances情况；D.surface表面。根据常识可知，学生的制服和发型都是外在的、表面的东西，可以推断此处应为表面之下隐藏更多的东西。故选D项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她淡淡地笑了笑，然后继续吃她面前的意大利面。A.weakly虚弱地；B.casually随便地；C.happily快乐地；D.impatiently无耐性地。根据下文“hermotherwasdyingofleukemia”她母亲死于白血病，可以推断，女孩因为母亲病重而勉强地对作者笑了笑。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我最近没有听说她的母亲死于白血病，我决不会怀疑出了什么问题。A.found找到；B.noticed注意到；C.heard听说；D.decided决定。根据常识可知，此处应为作者听说了这个女孩家里的不幸。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我最近没有听说她的母亲死于白血病，我决不会怀疑出了什么问题。A.remembered记得；B.suspected怀疑；C.predicted预测；D.regretted后悔。根据常识可知，此处为不听说这个女孩的故事，是不会怀疑有什么问题的。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我最近没有听说她的母亲死于白血病，我永远不会怀疑出了什么问题，也许我也不会那么理解和同情她。A.willing决心；B.outstanding突出；C.understanding理解；D.demanding需要。与下文中的“sympathetic”呼应，可推知，作者对对方表示理解和同情。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，我们在不了解事情的全部情况下，对别人的评价太快了。A.escaped逃离；B.satisfied满意；C.hit偶然发现；D.attracted吸引。此处表示作者突然明白了某个道理，可以推断，此处应用hit，意为“使突然意识到”。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校没人知道——我除了偶尔咳嗽几声外，没有表现出任何明显的症状。A.diseases疾病；B.symptoms症状；C.complaints抱怨；D.weaknesses弱点。根据语境及下文中的“exceptforfewcoughs”除了几声咳嗽，可推知，此处指的是一些不为人注意的症状。故选B项。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我和其他孩子一样过着每天的生活，但是我意识到我的未来是黑暗而可怕的。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.or或者；D.so因此。根据语境可推知，前后两句是逻辑上的转折关系。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和其他孩子一样过着每天的生活，但是我意识到我的未来是黑暗而可怕的。A.bright明亮的；B.real真的；C.serious严重的；D.dark黑暗的。根据“terrifying”骇人的，可推知，此处表示因为难以治愈的疾病，作者的前途变得黑暗。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我决定用新的视角看世界的那天之前，我几乎每天都在同情自己。A.tolerate忍受；B.create创造；C.change改变；D.view观察。根据上文中的“lookedaround”和“deeper”可推知，作者一直在观察生活，而在那天之后作者以一种新角度看待世界。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我决定用新的视角看世界的那天之前，我几乎每天都在同情自己。A.forgave原谅；B.pitied怜悯；C.challenged向……挑战；D.encouraged鼓励。根据下文中的作者只考虑了自己和自己的重担，可推知，作者曾经因为自己的病而怜悯自己。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只考虑了我自己和我的负担。A.debt债务；B.reward报酬；C.burden负担；D.workload工作量。根据语境及空前的“heavy”可推知，作者身患的疾病是作者沉重的负担。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我现在意识到人无完人，我们只需要接受自己。A.changeable可改变的；B.perfect完美的；C.unique独一无二的；D.different不同的。根据后文我们只是需要接受自己原本的样子，可以推断，此处为每个人都不完美。故选B项。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第15小题，根据后文我们只是需要接受自己原本的样子，可以推断，此处为每个人都不完美。故选B项。第四部分语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Xi'an,orChang'anasitwascalledformanycenturies,hasbeenabuilt-upurbanareaforover3,000years,andonce____36____（serve）ascapitalfor13dynasties.Itishome____37____manyimmovableculturalheritag