湖北省恩施州三校联盟2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析

湖北省恩施州三校联盟2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Don’ttouchyoureyes,noseandmouth,becausetheyaren’tcoveredbyskinandcan_______thevirusmoreeasily.A．takeup B．pickup C．makeup D．setup2．Policehavefound________appearstobethelostancientstatue.A．which B．where C．how D．what3．Ifyouarefeelingsotired,perhapsalittlesleepwould____．A．act B．helpC．serve D．last4．_____theplantonceaweekifyouaretogetfruitintheautumn.A．WateredB．WateringC．TowaterD．Water5．AstormburiedIllinoisunderseveralinchesofsnowonTuesday,______atleast100peopledeadintrafficaccidents.A．toleave B．leaveC．left D．leaving6．Lastsummerwesawaverygoodfilm,____wasabouttheAnti-Japanesewar.A．whichB．whenC．thatD．where7．—HaveyouheardfromJanerecently?—No，butI________heroverChristmas.A．sawB．willbeseeingC．haveseenD．havebeenseeing8．Thehousecaughtfirelastweek,withlittleoftheoriginalbuilding_________.A．remainB．remainedC．remainsD．remaining9．—Whataboutwatchingaballetshowthisevening?—Thanksforinvitingme,butballetisn’treally______.A．theappleofmyeye B．myfeetofclayC．mycupoftea D．thesaltoftheearth10．Uponenteringa“newera”,whatwenowfaceisthe_______betweenunbalancedandinadequatedevelopmentandthepeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlife.A．administrationB．violationC．contradictionD．presentation11．Everyschoolintothecompetitionwillhaveachancetowin$2,000______ofcomputingequipment.A．price B．worth C．value D．cost12．—CanIhaveadayofftomorrow?Ineedtovisitmygrandmainthehospital.—__________.Icanmanagewithoutyou.A．ForgetitB．OfcourseC．ItdependsD．I’mafraidnot13．Inrecentyears,ChineseartshavewontheofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.A．reputationB．enjoymentC．appreciationD．entertainment14．Thefollowing________________chosenasthecandidatesofthecompetition.A．is B．areC．has D．have15．Inthisarticle,youneedtobackupgeneralstatementswith________examples.A．specific B．permanentC．abstract D．universal16．Everythingisamazing.Thankyouall.Wewithoutyourhelp.A．can’tmakeit B．mustn’thavemadeC．won’tmake D．couldn’thavemadeit17．—Iwonderwhatmakesyouagoodsalesperson.—I________asawaiterforthreeyears,whichcontributesalottomytoday’swork.A．serveB．servedC．haveservedD．hadserved18．IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A．how B．when C．where D．what19．Whenallissaidanddone,theredoesn’tseemtobe________amysterytoexplain.A．kindof B．closetoC．farfrom D．muchof20．CanIparkmycarhere?Surenot,wedon’tallowhere.A．toparking B．park C．topark D．parking第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Amsterdamisaspecialcity.Therearemanyplacesyoushouldnotmissduringyourvisit.Hereisourlistofthebest.AmsterdamcanalringThecityoldcentreisformedfromcanalringswhichgiveyouthefeelingofspace,freedomandpeace.Walktroughthesecanalstreetsorbetter—takeatripbyrentingaboatyourself.AnotherwaytoexploretheVeniceoftheNorthistotakearideorabicycle.Anywayyoudecidefor—enjoythiscity.TheNationalMaritimeMuseumTheMaritimeMuseumisanattractiveplacetovisit,especiallywithchildren.Withmanyattractionsinit,thiscolourfulandenjoyablemuseumwillhelpyouunderstandthehistoryoftheNetherlands—asmallnationwhichwasoneoftheworld’sgreatestseapowers.AmsterdamBrownCafeWhenyouenterAmsterdamoldcafescalledBrown,atfirstitwillseemtoomuchfromthepastandtoocrowded,buttheatmosphereisunique.Relaxandwatch—mostofpeoplearoundwillbelocals.Feellikeoneofthem—therealAmsterdammers.CivicGuardsGalleryThisgalleryisfiledwitholdpaintingsfromtheDutchGoldenAge.Theexhibitedcanvasmaybenotalwaysthemasterpiecesofart,butthesegroupportraitsofAmsterdamcitizensandtheirwivesareanexquisite(精致的)documentoftheDutchcivilizationandculturecenturiesago.ToavoidwaitinglinesweadviseyoutobuyyourticketsinadvanceonlinethroughourAmsterdamattractionsandmuseumsticketswebpage.1、Howmanywaysaretherefortouriststovisitthecityoldcentre?A．5.B．4.C．3.D．2.2、Wherewouldyougotolearnmoreaboutlocallife?A．AmsterdamBrownCafe.B．Amsterdamcanalring.C．CivicGuardsGallery.D．TheNationalMaritimeMuseum.3、Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A．Afiction.B．Atextbook.C．Atravelguide.D．Asciencemagazine.22．（8分）AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonthishappensisbecausethebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheart,crossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butifyousitforlongperiodsoftimeit’simportantthatyoutakenoteofhowlongyouhaveyourlegscrossedfor.Youshouldn’thaveyourlegscrossedformorethan15minutes,andit’simportantthatyougetupandwalkaroundatleastonceeveryhour.Crossingyourlegscanalsoleadtoneckandbackpain.Ideally,it’sbestforourbodiestositwithourfeetplantedflat,hipwidthapart,onthefloor,butit’snoteasytomaintainperfectposturealldayattheoffice.Whenyousitwithyourlegscrossedyourhipsareinatwistedposition,whichcancauseoneofyourpelvicbonestorotate.Sinceyourpelvicbonesupportsyourneckandspine,thiscancausepressureonyourlowerandmiddlebackandneck.Youalsomightnoticethatwhenyousitwithyourlegscrossedforlongperiodsoftimeyourfeetandlegsgettinglyorhavethefeelingofbeingasleep.Thisisbecausewhenonelegsitsontopoftheotheritcausespressureontheveinsandnervesinyourlegsandfeet.Itcancausenumbnessand/ortemporaryparalysisinthelegs,ankles,orfeet.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.1、Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Wewillfeelbloodpressureincreasedimmediatelyaftercrossinglegs.B．It’seasyforustokeepcorrectpostureallday.C．Thepelvicbonecancausepressureonyourlowerandmiddlebackandneck.D．Yourlegswillgetpainwithlegscrossedforlongperiodsoftime.2、Crossingyourlegsmaycausesomehealthproblemsexcept___________.A．Causingthepainofneckandback.B．Increasingthebloodpressure.C．Leadingtothepainoffeetandlegs.D．Resultinginthedisabilityofarms.3、Whatissuggestedaccordingtothetext?A．Donotoftencrossyourlegswhilesitting.B．Crossyourlegsformorethan15minuteseveryday.C．Getupandwalkaroundatleastonceeveryotherhour.D．Crossyourlegstoloweryourbloodpressure.23．（8分）Squattingdownonmydisorganizedclosetfloor,Ilookedeagerlythroughmyalbumsforthepictureofmygrandma’sChristmaslights.IsearchedsolongandsoeagerlythatIlostallfeelinginthelegs.Ignoringthepain,Iwentonwithmysearch,becausefindingthepicturewasworthit.Mybelovedgrandmaonmydad’sside,whopassedawayalmostfouryearsago,woulddecoratetheChristmastreeslikeitwasherjob.Eachyearshewoulddecorateanornate,12-foot-tall,shiningtreeinherlivingroom,andmostyearsshewouldhaveanadditionalpinktree,palmtree,colored-lighttree,white-lighttree,bedroomtree,etc.Theideasvariedyearafteryear,butthethemewasalwaysthesame:LetThereBeLight.Fortheoutsideofthehouse,mygrandmahiredpeopletocomeandstringthousandsoflightsthroughthetreesinheryard.Itwasn’teasy,anditwasn’tcheap,butitwasalaboroflove.Peopleinthesmalltowncameandparkedtheirkid-packedcarsonthestreet,gazingatthethousandsuponthousandsofshininglightsyearafteryear.Theybroughtusmagic,whichwasgrandma’slegacy.ThatisthefamilyactIamsupposedtofollowfortherestofmylife.It’swhatI’mdyingtorecreateandpassontomyownkids.Ifeelsomuchpressurebecausenooneiscapableofdoingit—andofdoingitcorrectly—butme.So,it’smeandonlyme,eachyearunfasteningcountlessstringsoflights,windingthemrounda10-foot,pricklytree,andsendingthelightstothehighestbranches.ThoughI’monlyeverjustscratchingthesurfaceofgrandma’smagic,Iuncoveralittlemoreeachyear.Istillhaven’tfoundthatpictureofmygrandma’sChristmaslights,butIknowitexists,andIwillfindit,evenifitmeanslosingallfeelinginmylegs.1、Whydidtheauthorsufferfrompain?A．Becauseshewasmissingherbelovedgrandma.B．Becauseshehadtroublefindinggrandma’slights.C．Becauseshekeptanuncomfortablegestureforlong.D．Becauseshebrokeherlegswhilesearchingforsomething.2、WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．Grandma’sChristmastrees.B．TheatmosphereofChristmas.C．ThebeautyofChristmastrees.D．Christmasmemoriesinchildhood.3、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgrandma’syardonChristmas?A．Colourfulandmessy.B．Interestinganddizzy.C．Noisyandcrowded.D．Shinyandattractive.4、What’stheauthorsattitudetowardshergrandma’swaytospendChristmas?A．Itisthebestwaypeoplelike.B．Itisherdutytopassiton.C．Itneedstobeimproved.D．Itistoocostlytodoit.24．（8分）Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?They’recalled“placebo(安慰剂）buttons”一buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality.InNewYorkCity,onlyabout100ofthe1,000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels.Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities，suchasBoston，DallasandSeattle，havegonethroughasimilarprocess,leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.InLondon,whichhas6,000trafficsignals,pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage”intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner.“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures,’’saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals,helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights,agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly(givingprioritytobusesifthey’rerunninglate,forexample),whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist,placebobuttonsgiveustheillusion(错觉)ofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings.“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.1、Whyarethephysicalbuttonsstillkeptinsomecities?A．Becauseitmaycostmoneytoreplacethem.B．Becausetheyremainasmemoriesofacity.C．Becausedohaverealfunctionsintraffic.D．Becausetheycanresultinreliablelights.2、Whichofthefollowingwordcanreplacetheunderlineword“features”inParagraph4?A．Functions. B．Uses.C．Equipment. D．Facilities.3、Ifyoupresseda“placebobutton”inLondon,whatwouldhappen?A．Alltrafficwouldbeaffected. B．Somekindofsoundmightappear.C．Pedestrianscamefirsttocrosstheroad. D．“Greenman”wereboundtoshowupearlier.4、Whatcanweknowabout“placebobuttons”fromLanger’swords?A．Theycanreallycontroltraffic. B．Theyservelittlefunctions.C．Theymayworkmentally. D．Theycanhelptheblind.25．（10分）Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink.Youngcountrieswithmanychildrenhavefewrobots.Ageingnationshavelots.ThecountrieswiththelargestnumberofrobotsperindustrialworkerincludeSouthKorea,Singapore,GermanyandJapan.whichhavesomeoftheoldestworkforcesintheworld.Theconnectiondoesnotmerelyreflectthefactthatyoungcountriestendtobepoorandcannotaffordfancymachines,whichtheydonotneedanyway.Itholdsgoodwithinrichcountries,too.ThosewithrelativelyfewrobotscomparedwiththesizeoftheirworkforceincludeBritainandFrance,bothofwhich(byrich-countrystandards)areageingslowly.Tworecentstudiesquantifytheconnection.DaronAcemogluofMITandPascualRestrepoofBostonUniversityshowthat,between1993and2014,thecountriesthatinvestedthemostinroboticswerethosethatwereageingthefastestmeasuredasariseintherateofpeopleover56comparedwiththoseaged26-55.Theauthorspositaruleofthumbaten-pointriseintheirageingrateisassociatedwith0.9extrarobotsperthousandworkers.AstudyfromGermanyuseddifferentmeasuresbutreachedthesameconclusion.Theyfoundthatthegrowthinthenumberofrobotsperthousandworkersrisestwiceasfastasthefallinthegrowthrateofthepopulation(e.g.if)populationgrowthfallsby1%,thegrowthinrobotdensityrisesby2%).Populationgrowthiscloselyrelatedtoagestructure.Thesefindingsshouldnotbesurprising.Robotstypicallysubstituteforlabour.Thatiswhymanypeoplefearthattheywilldestroyjobs.Countrieswithplentyofyoungworkersdonotneedlaboursubstitutes.Wagestherealsotendtobelowmakingautomationunprofitable.Butageingcreatesdemandforautomationintwoways.First,topreventoutputfallingasmorepeopleretire,machinesarenecessarytosubstituteforthosewhohavelefttheworkforceortoenableageingworkerstocontinuetodophysicallabour.Second,oncepeoplehaveretiredtheycreatemarketsfornewkindsofautomation,includingrobotsthathelpwiththemedicalandotherrequirementsofcaringforpeoplewhocannolongerlookafterthemselves1、Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A．AgeingiscloselyrelatedtorobotsB．Ageingcountrieshavefewrobots.C．Robotsareneededinyoungcountries.D．Youngandrichcountrieswantmorerobots.2、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"posit"underlinedinParagraph3?A．Want. B．Remove.C．Assume. D．Obey.3、Howmuchwilltherobotpopulationgrowifthehumanpopulationgrowthdecreasesby3%?A．1%. B．2%.C．3%. D．6%.4、Whydoesageingcreatedemandforrobots?A．Becauseretiredpeoplehavelowerwages.B．Becauserobotsaresubstitutesforretiredworker.C．Becauserobotsareunprofitableinyoungcountries.D．Becausetheretiredneedthesamerobotstheyusedbefore.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）FlowersforMissBensonMissBensonwasthekindest,sweetest,mostbeautifulpersonontheearthinmymind.Shewasmysecond-grade1.Earlyintheterm,IstartedaskingmymothertoputanextraappleinmylunchforMissBenson.2Ineverquiteworkedupthecouragetohandmygifttoher3.Eachdayitfounditswayunobservedtothecornerofherdesk.Andeachdaytheresponsewasthesame:MissBensonwouldcomeinandsitdown.“Goodmorning,children.Why,hownice!”Shewouldpickupthe4oftheday,andthenlookaroundtheroom.“What5littleboyorgirlbroughtmethis?”Noone6thehonor,leastofallme.Ikeptmyheaddown,lookingatmydesk.“CanitbethatIhaveasecretadmirer?”shewouldask.Iwouldfeelthe7risinginmyface.Iwascertainthateveryonewaslookingatme,andIwouldsighwith8whenMissBensonstartedthelessonafterputtingthefruitaway.Onefallmorning,theclasswasboilingwith9.Aswassaid,thenextday,Friday,wasMissBenson’sbirthday.Everyonewantedtogetherapresent.Myheartgaveajump;atlastIcouldgivehersomething10.Thatafternoonwasspentcombingthefieldsforwildflowers.InthemorningIhungbackasothers11theirgifts.FinallyIwenttothedeskandgavetheflowerstoMissBenson.Myrewardwasasmileandapatonthehead.ThenextMonday,MissBensondidn’t12.Lateron,Iwasaskedtogototheprincipal'soffice.He,clearlyandslowly,toldmethatbecauseofthepoison13Igaveher,MissBensonwasinhospital.I14allthewayhomebecauseofthetragedytomylovingteacher.IbeggedmymothertotakemetovisitMissBenson.MissBensonwassittingupinbedwhenwearrived.Her15wascoveredwithbandages.Onlyoneeyewasshowing.“Ididn’tknowtheywerepoisonflowers,”Iburstout.“Ididn’t16tomakeyousick.Ionlywantedtogiveyousomething”Istoppedtalkingandswallowedhard.MissBenson17mewiththeeye.“Youwantedtogivemesomething18,didn’tyou,Paul?”Inodded.“Allthose19werefromyou,weren’tthey?”AgainInodded.“I’lltellyouagreatbigsecret,Paul,”shecontinued,“WhenIammarried,ifIhaveason,Iwouldlikehimtogrowupjust20you.”Iwasn’tcertainthatIsawtearsinhereyeasMotherledmeoutoftheroom.1、A．studentB．classmateC．fellowD．teacher2、A．SoB．AndC．ButD．For3、A．secretlyB．directlyC．gentlyD．beautifully4、A．offeringB．huntingC．remainingD．catching5、A．usefulB．forgetfulC．shamefulD．thoughtful6、A．claimedB．sharedC．mindedD．refused7、A．coldB．redC．darkD．proud8、A．shameB．anxietyC．reliefD．anger9、A．disappointmentB．excitementC．embarrassmentD．amusement10、A．openlyB．quietlyC．casuallyD．safely11、A．boughtB．fetchedC．broughtD．presented12、A．awakeB．agreeC．appearD．answer13、A．flowersB．leavesC．plantsD．fruit14、A．laughedB．sangC．shoutedD．sobbed15、A．legB．armC．faceD．hair16、A．manageB．meanC．failD．hesitate17、A．blamedB．scoldedC．punishedD．studied18、A．simpleB．specialC．awfulD．useful19、A．applesB．orangesC．bananasD．pears20、A．besideB．forC．likeD．by第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空Wife：ShallIphone1．tellyoursecretaryyou’renotgoingtoofficetoday?Husband：Yes,please,dear.TellherIhave2．(get)aheadache，buthopetobebackinadayortwo.Youhadbetter3．(say)I’mstayinginbed.Wife：Butyou’renotinbed.Doyouwantmetotell4．lie?Husband：Oh,it’sonlyaverylittleone.I’mnot5．(make)afalseexcuse.Ireallyhaveabadheadache.Wife：Thenputthecigaretteout.It’svery6．(fool)ofyoutosmokewhenyou’vegotacold.Husband：You’requiteright.Wife：Look,here’ssome7．(boil)water.DoasItellyounow.I’veputsomethinginthewaterthat’lldoyoualot8．good.Wrapthisclotharoundyourheadandputyournoseoverthewater.That’sright.Breathein9．(deep)．It’lldoyoualotofgood.Now,anotherdeepbreath.Nowbreatheout.Slowly!Nowbreatheinagain.Goon10．(do)thatforfiveminuteswhileIgoandmakethatphonecalltotheoffice.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I’mhappytohaveolderbrother.He’scaring,smartorresponsible.I’mproudinhim,yetIamalwaysannoyinghimandhurthisfeelings.Butonethingmademetoseehowspeciallyourrelationshipis,Ihadacousinwhichdiedsevenyearsago.Onthedayofhisfuneral,hissistersaysshewishedshehadhadabetterrelationshipwithhim.Butnobodycanturnbackthehando