广东省广州市增城一中2024届高三六校第一次联考英语试卷含解析

广东省广州市增城一中2024届高三六校第一次联考英语试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．MorethanaquarteroftheenergyintheUnitedStatesgoestomovingpeopleandgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.A．using B．used C．touse D．use2．_______theweather,thesportsmeetwillbeheldontime.A．Insteadof B．Inrelationto C．Regardlessof D．Infavorof3．Icouldnot________mytearswhenIsawthepictureofmyfatherworkingatthequakezone.A．bringInB．turnupC．takeoffD．holdback4．Maryfeltfromtheoutsideworld,sinceshelackedanInternetconnectionandcouldn’treceiveanye-mail.A．cutdown B．cutin C．cutoff D．cutout5．Myteacheroftensaysthatsuccessinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagood______ofsuccessinlife.A．beliefB．elementC．criterionD．instance6．---Ican’tthinkwhyhe_____soangry.Imeantnooffence.---It’stypicalofhimtobesensitive.A．shouldhavebeen B．musthavebeenC．mighthavebeen D．canhavebeen7．____anyonephoneduringtheboardmeeting,pleasetellthemIambusy.A．Should B．Will C．May D．Can8．Pleaseremindyourgrandpatotakemedicineontime,foramanofhisage____beveryforgetful．A．need B．must C．shall D．can9．Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool,_____theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni（校友）fromhomeandabroad.A．Attend B．Toattend C．Attending D．Havingattended10．AfirmfromNewZealandhasrevealedasetofroboticlegswhichtheyclaimwillsoonallow________wheelchair-boundpeopletowalkagain.A．extremely B．previously C．actually D．eventually11．______isimportantinstudyisdiligenceratherthanintelligence.A．Which B．WhatC．Who D．When12．Look,____fashionableclothesisshewearingthatalltheeyesarefixedonher!A．so B．such C．how D．what13．—WhyaretheWoodssellingtheirbelongings?—Theytoanothercity.A．hadmoved B．havemoved C．moved D．aremoving14．–What’swrongwithyouripad2?Thesound____isnotclear.--Yes.Ithasbeenbrokenforsometime.A．comeout B．comingout C．tocomeout D．cameout15．—Wouldyoulikemetheradioabit?—No,it’sallright.I’musedwiththeradio.A．toturndown;towork;on B．turningdown;toworking;onC．turningdown;toworking;off D．toturndown;toworking;on16．I’mmostawfullygratefultoyou.Ican’tthinkwhatI________withoutyou.A．coulddo B．woulddoC．shouldhavedone D．musthavedone17．Aroundthispoint______,whichishumorousandfullofastronglocalflavor.A．thestorydevelops B．doesthestorydevelopC．developsthestory D．thestorydeveloped18．40gramsofmeatperdayis______peopleshouldconsumeinordertostayfit.A．thatB．whyC．howD．what19．It'sgreatthatallthevisitorswho

ontheislandweresaved.A．trapped B．havebeentrappedC．hadtrapped D．hadbeentrapped20．IamsorryIamverybusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.A．have B．hadC．havehad D．hadhad第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?Well,apparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons(神经元)inourbrains.Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitateit,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareawhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento(forexample:“Thehandtookholdoftheball”),thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed(inthisexample,actuallytakingholdofaball).Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract.Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalentforneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes-well,perhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.1、Mirrorneuronscanexplain.A．whywecrywhenwearehurtB．whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC．whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD．whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate2、Theunderlinedword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“”.A．setoff B．cutoffC．builtup D．brokenup3、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons.A．relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB．controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC．resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD．determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Waystofindmirrorneurons. B．Problemsofmirrorneurons.C．Existenceofmirrorneurons. D．Functionsofmirrorneurons.22．（8分）WhenIwasincollege,IspentasemesterstudyingabroadattheUniversityofStrathclydeinGlasgow,Scotland.Inmybrieftimethere,IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture,foodandscenery.Youmightthink,“Scotlandisn’tsodifferentfromtheUS;theystillspeakEnglishthere!”ButwhenIsteppedofftheplane,Iwasgreetedbyagruff-voiced(声音粗哑的)ladyatcustoms.“You’llbecomingfromAmerica,then?”Sheaskedme,andInodded.“ButallofourguysareleavingGlasgowfortheStates!”HerthickScottishEnglishandsenseofhumorwereobviousrightaway.IwasnotintheUSanymore,wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound.AsIsettledinattheuniversity,Icouldfeelmyselfgettingusedtohearing—andevenspeaking—theScottishEnglishofmycustomsagent.Inclassroomdiscussions,peoplewouldsay“em”whentheycouldn’tthinkofwhattosayinsteadof“um”,whichwasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks,Istoppedchucklingaboutthis.Strathclydestudentsstayeduplateintothenight,runningaroundcampusandshouting,“Go!Let’sgo,let’sgo,let’sgo[curseword]Glasgow!”Prettysoon,Iwasnolongersaying“thanks”atthesupermarket—instead,Isaid“cheers”.MyScottishfriendsdrankwhiskeyandatehaggis(羊杂碎布丁).IdrankplentyofwhiskeybutfeltashamedtoadmitthatIwasn'tbraveenoughtotryhaggis.Scottishbakeriesusuallysellbridies(肉馅饼).Addacupoftea—thoughIusuallyAmericanizeditbychoosingcoffeeinstead—andabridiemakesforadeliciousbreakfast.EverytimeItookatrainanywhereinScotland,I’dgazeoutattherollinghillsandwonderifgrasswasgreenerthananywhereelseintheworld.ThenI’dreflectthatthere’sareasonthiscountrywasthebirthplaceofgolf.1、Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheladyatcustoms?A．Impolite.B．Friendly.C．Serious.D．Calm.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“chuckling”inParagraph3?A．Talkingloudly.B．Comparing.C．Laughingquietly.D．Hearing.3、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．ToexplainwhyScotlandwasfamousforgolf.B．TopromotethedevelopmentofScottishcateringtrade.C．Tointroducedifferentpronunciationsof“em”and“um”.D．TosharehisexperiencesinScotlandasanexchangestudent.23．（8分）Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不满,不平).ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaalsstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentment(愤恨)inafemalecapuchin.Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation(愤慨),itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.388、Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby________.A．makingacomparison B．justifyinganassumptionC．makingaconclusion D．explainingaphenomenon1、Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,ParagraphI)impliesthat________.A．resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeysnatureB．monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivalsC．monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachotherD．noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions2、Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys________.A．prefergrapestocucumbersB．willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheatedC．canbetaughttoexchangethingsD．areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.B．Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.C．Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.D．Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.24．（8分）Adayinthelifeofasunbeariswhatyoumightexpectfromthename:sunny.Initsnaturalhabitat,thesunbearspendsover80percentofitsactivewakingtimeindaylight.Butwhendisturbedbyhumanactivity,thatchangesdramatically.Inareaswherepeoplearepushingintothesunbear’shabitat,theanimalsarespending90percentoftheirwakingtimeafterdark.Effectively,thethreatofhumanpresenceismakingthesunbearchangeinto“themoonbear”.LedbyscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,thestudyfoundthathumanactivityisdrivingscoresofmammalstoshifttheiractivityfromthedaytimeintothedarkhoursofthenight.Asmanyanimalshavealreadybeenforcedoutoftheirlocalhabitats,othersareattemptingtoavoidinteractionwithhumansbyseparatingthemselvesintimeratherthaninspace.Forthework,theresearchersexaminedthebehaviorsof64mammalspecies,includingdeer,tigers,boars,and,ofcourse,sunbears.Theyobservedincreasednocturnal(夜间的)behaviorinalargemajorityofthem,withspeciesthatarenaturallyactiveduringthedaytendingtoshifttheiractivitytoafterdark,andthosethatarenaturallynocturnalbecomingmoreso.Themammalsaffectedrangedacrossbodysize,habitattype,regionoftheworld,anddiet.Humanactivityofallsortsaffectanimals，lives,includingactivitieslikehunting,agricultureandlanddevelopment,harvestinglocalnaturalresources,evenhikingorwalkingthroughwildareas.SporthuntingintheHwangeNationalParkinZimbabwedroveantelopestospendmoreoftheiractivewakinghoursatnight,restrictingtheiraccesstowater.Similarly,hikersintheSantaCruzMountainsinCaliforniamadecoyotes(郊狼)morenocturnal,forcingthemtofindnewpreys(猎物)amongtraditionallynocturnalanimals.Theresearcherswarnthatprofoundshiftsinthenaturalbehaviorpatternsofsomanyspeciesdisturbdynamicsthathaveevolvedovergenerations,leadingtoaseriesofunknowneffectsontheentireecosystems.1、Whatdidthestudyfind?A．Moreanimalsseparatethemselvesinspace.B．Humanactivitychangesanimals’wayoflife.C．Manyanimalswerepushedoutoftheirlocalhabitats.D．Thesunbearspendsover80%wakingtimeindaylight.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A．Thesunbear. B．Thewakingtime.C．Humanactivity. D．Thenaturalhabitat.3、Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A．Antelopeshaveeasieraccesstowater.B．Coyoteshavetopreyonnewtypesforsurvival.C．Humanactivityshortensanimals’sleepingtime.D．Animalshavemanagedtoescapeinteractionwithhumans.4、Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?A．Humanthreatmakesthesunbearnocturnal.B．Animalsarebadlyhurtbyhumanpresence.C．Animalsbecomemoreadaptablethankstohuman.D．Ecosystemsmaybereshapedduetohumanactivity.25．（10分）LagoonBar,IcelandBlueLagooninIcelandistrulytheplacewhereyoucangetridofalltroubles.Herethewarmthofhotspringsgetsyouclosetonature.Awonderfulbarisopenedamongthehotsprings.Whileyou’resittinginthehotwater,waitressesbringyouarangeofcocktails.Whattoorder:cocktail“BlueLagoon”andwhitewine.BaobabTreeBarWineCellar,SouthAfricaInthehollow(洞)ofahuge6,000-year-oldbaobabtreeyoucannotonlydrinkacocktail,butalsorestfromtheheatofLimpopoProvince.OncethissafeheavenwasknownonlytotheBushmen,butnowthisancienttreeisthetouristdestinationforallkindsoftourists.Whattoorder:anythinginaglass.TheBirdsvilleHotelandPub,AustraliaAttheedgeoftheSimpsonDesert,amongthesanddunes(沙丘),whicharethefavoritespotforthemice,thereisahotelandapub.Thewallsofthisbararedecoratedwitholdhatsandpostersofbeer,theoldestofwhichdatesfrom1884.Mostvisitorsofthisbuildingaretheamateursofracing.TheycometothisvillagefortheSeptembercompetition.However,thepubisnotemptyalsoonothermonths:theairstrip(飞机跑道)islocatednearby,sothosewhogetofftheplanearegoingtohaveaglassortwoofbeerfirst.Whattoorder:apintofbeer.Floyd’sPelicanBar,JamaicaItappearsthatthesehugepalmleavesandtrunksfellintotheoceanlongtimeago.Theyfloatedonthewavesandthenpiledupyearbyyear,stickingoutoftheocean.That’sprobablyhowthePelicanBar,locatedaboutamilefromthesouthwestcoastofJamaica,isbuilton.Someofitsvisitorshavenoroomtobefittedinsidethebar,andtheyjustdrinkstandinginwaist-deepwater.Whattoorder:cocktail“PelicanPerfection”.1、WhatcanavisitororderinLagoonBar?A．Redwine.B．Anything.C．Beer.D．Whitewine.2、WhatcanweinferabouttheBirdsvilleHotelandPub?A．Itwasopenedin1884.B．Itisthefavoritespotforthemice.C．ItisbusyinSeptembereveryyear.D．ItislocatedinthecenteroftheSimpsonDesert.3、WhatisFloyd’sPelicanBarbuilton?A．Oldhats.B．Sanddunes.C．Anancientbaobabtree.D．Palmleavesandtrunks.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Agroupofgraduates,successfulintheircareers,gottogethertovisittheirolduniversityprofessor.Conversationsoonturnedintocomplaintsabout1inworkandlife.Beforeofferinghisguests2,theprofessorwenttothekitchenand3withalargepotofcoffeeandavarietyofcups--porcelain（瓷）,plastic,glass,crystal,some4andcheap,someexquisite（精致的）and5--tellingthemtohelpthemselvestothecoffee.Whenallthestudentshadacupofcoffeeinhand,theprofessorsaid:“Ifyou6,allthenice-lookingexpensivecupswere7up,leavingbehindtheplainandcheapones.Whileitis8foryoutowantonlythebestforyourselves,thatisthe9ofyourproblemsandstress.Beassuredthatthecupitself10noqualitytothecoffee.Inmostcases11isjustmoreexpensiveandinsomecasesevenhideswhatwedrink.Whatallofyou12wantedwascoffee,notthecup,butyouconsciously13forthebestcups...Andthenyoubeganeyeingeachother’scups.Nowconsiderthis:14isthecoffee;thejobs,moneyandpositioninsocietyarethecups.Theyarejusttoolsto15life,andthetypeofcupwehavedoesnotdefine（规定）,norchangethe16oflifewelive.Sometimes,by17onlyonthecup,wefailtoenjoythecoffeeGodhasofferedus.Godbrews（酿造）thecoffee,notthecups.Enjoyyourcoffee!“The18peopledon’thavethebestofeverything:Theyjust19thebestofeverything.”Livesimply.Love20Caredeeply.Speakkindly.LeavetheresttoGod.1、A．difficulties B．stress C．sadness D．hate2、A．coffee B．tea C．gift D．cups3、A．packed B．rushed C．fetched D．returned4、A．good-looking B．ugly-looking C．plain-looking D．nice-looking5、A．expensive B．bright C．excellent D．comfortable6、A．suspected B．noticed C．ignored D．appreciated7、A．filled B．brought C．taken D．used8、A．normal B．careful C．polite D．rude9、A．share B．access C．entrance D．source10、A．puts B．adds C．attaches D．ties11、A．this B．which C．it D．one12、A．really B．generally C．possibly D．precisely13、A．looked B．searched C．applied D．went14、A．Peace B．Joy C．Chance D．Life15、A．refer B．reflect C．contain D．support16、A．quality B．quantity C．character D．value17、A．keeping B．basing C．concentrating D．depending18、A．coolest B．craziest C．happiest D．saddest19、A．make B．use C．accept D．put20、A．nervously B．secretly C．generously D．curiously第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformfthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblanks.Nearly135,000peopleontheIndonesianislandofBalihavelefttheirhomesafterwarningsthattheMountAgungvolcanocoulderuptatanytime.Blowingsmoke,MountAgungissendingfrightthroughoutthearea.Itsalertstatues1．(raise)tothehighestlevel.Villagers2．(live)beneaththevolcanohavetakenshelterintemporaryevacuationcenters.Plentifulstocksoffood,water,medicinesandothersupplieshavebeenprepared.Onefarmerexpressedhisconcernthatlavacoulddestroyhishouseandfarm.Apartfromvillagers,therearearound30,000cattlewithinthedangerzonearoundthevolcano.Effortsarebeingmadetoevacuation（疏散，撤退）thelivestockasmuchaspossible3．itisanimportantsourceofincomeformanyresidents.Indonesianhasnearly130activevolcanoes,morethananyothercountry.Manyoftheseshowhighlevelsofactivity,butitcanbeweeksorevenmonths4．anactualeruptiontookplace.Baliisfamousforitsbeachesandtemples.It5．(witness)millionsofvisitorsoverthepastthreeyears,mainlyfromChina,AustraliaandJapan.6．thethreateningvolcano,severalcountrieshaveissuedtravelwarningsagainsttheIndonesianisland.Sometouristsarenowhavingasecondthoughtsabouttheirholidayplans.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。BythetimeKenny,16,reachedhisthreeyearofhighschool,hehasbecomevicepresidentofhisschool’scookingclub.Kennysaidhedevelopedhisloveforcookingbywatchinghisgrandmother,sheownedabusiness.Andatageof5,hecookedhisfirstdish.Takeittoschoolforlunch,hewarmeditupintheschool’smicrowave,whiletheotherkidatesandwiches.“Ilovetoeat,anditstartedtobecomemuchfuntocookthantohavefoodprepareforme,”hesaid.CookingcameeasilytoKenny.Hewasveryenthusiasticaboutitthathedidn’tletanythingtostophim.第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tim向你询问中国高中生暑假的有关情况。请发一封电子邮件向他简单加以介绍。内容主要包括：1．假期的具体时间(7月20日至8月30日)；2．丰富的假期活动(运动、娱乐、学习、参加社会活动等)；3．你的暑假计划。注意：1．词数100个左右；2．可适当增加细节,使行文连贯；3．邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：socialactivities社交活动DearTim，I’mgladtoreceiveyourletter．_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards，LiHua

参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1、B2、C3、D4、C5、C6、A7、A8、D9、C10、B11、B12、B13、D14、B15、D16、C17、C18、D19、D20、B第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、1、C2、A3、A4、D22、Japanisamysteriouslandoftechnologicalwonders,butthelatestisarelativelysimplesolutiontoanage-oldproblemfacedbybeginnersandprofessionalchefsalike.Grocerystoresacrossthecountryareabouttostartstockingonionsthatwon’tmakepeoplecry.Thenewtear-freeonioniscalledtheSmileBall,whichisaprettyadorablenameforavegetable,andit’sanonioncarefullyengineeredtonotirritate(刺激)theeyesofpeoplewhocutintoit.Regularonionsreleaseagaswhentheircellsaredamagedandthatgasirritatespeople’seyesandmakethemtearup.TheSmil