英语：Unit 1 Friendship 作业相关试题及答案

必修一UNIT1Friendship作业Ⅰ.阅读理解WhyArePigFarmersStillUsingGrowth­PromotingDrugs?It'soneofthemostcontroversialpracticesinagriculture:feedingsmallamountsofantibioticstoanimalsinordertomakethemgrowfaster.Butwhatifthedrugsdon'tevenworkverywell?There'ssomegoodevidencethattheydon't,atleastinpigs.Theyusedtodeliveraboostingrowth,butthateffecthasdisappearedinrecentyearsordeclinedgreatly.Thereasonforthisisinterestingandevenparadoxical.Researchersthinktheantibioticsusedtoworkbysuppressinglow­gradeinfections.Inrecentyears,however,porkproducersfoundotherwaystoaccomplishthesamethingthroughimprovedhygiene(卫生).Asaresult,thedrugshavebecomelargelysuperfluous—yetmanyfarmersstillusethem.Tounderstandhowthishappened,youhavetostepbackintime,saysSteveDritz,aspecialistinpignutritionatKansasStateUniversity.Sixtyyearsago,whenantibioticswerenew,"peoplestartedtreatinganimals,andfeedingtheantibiotics,andfindingthattheyhadincreasedgrowthratesandfeedefficiencies,"hesays.Nursery­agepigs,forinstance,grew12to15percentfasterwithantibiotics.Theanimalsalsoneededlessfeedtoreachfullweight.Otherstudiesshowedsimilarresultsinchickensandcattle.Inthe1980s,anewsetofstudiesfoundsimilareffects.Sothegrowth­promotingeffectsofantibioticsbecamestandardpracticeamongmeatproducers.Fastforwardtothe1990s.DritzwasstartinghiscareerasascientistatKansasStateUniversity,andporkproductionwaschangingdramatically.Previously,pigswerebornandraisedinonebarnorinseveralbarnsclosetogether.Thismeantinfectionscouldeasilypassfromonegenerationtothenext,thewaythatkidssharegermsbetweentheirfriendsontheplaygroundandtheirparentsathome.Underthenewsystem,whenpigletsareweaned,theymovetoawholedifferentplace.Thatnewsiteiscarefullyscrubbedandfreeofdisease.CraigRowles,whorunsalargeswineoperationinCarroll,Lowa,showsmeonesuchroom.There'snotapigletinsight."Thisroomjustgotcompletelywashedanddisinfected,andnowit'sgoingtosithereanddryforawhile，"hesays.Awholegroupofpigswillcomeinheretogether,andlatertheywillmoveouttogethertoyetanothersite."Thatgroupofpigswillstaytogetheruntiltheygotomarket,"Rowlessays.Thegroupsarekeptstrictlyseparatedfromeachother.Ifworkersmovebetweenthegroups,theyfirsthavetochangetheirboots.Whenfarmersadoptedmultisiteproduction,itcutdownondisease—andpigsactuallygrewfaster.1．Oneoftheadvantagesofusingantibioticsinthepastisthatit________.A．helpedanimalsgrowfasterB．decreasedthedeathrateofanimalsC．helpedanimalshaveabetterappetiteD．increasedanimalreproduction2．Pigsweremoreeasilyinfectedinthepastbecause________.A．theyusedantibioticsB．theywerealwaysclosetogetherC．theywereraisedontheplaygroundD．theymovedfromonefarmtoanother3．Theunderlinedword"superfluous"mostprobablymeans________.A．abused B．necessaryC．available D．addictive4．Theauthorseems________ontheissueofdroppingantibioticsonpigs.A．optimistic B．worriedC．doubtful D．indifferent答案与解析本文就现在农民仍然给猪使用抗生素一事发表科学的看法和依据。1．A细节理解题。根据第一段提到It'soneofthemostcontroversialpracticesinagriculture:feedingsmallamountsofantibioticstoanimalsinordertomakethemgrowfaster.农业上有个有争议的方法，给猪喂抗生素来让它长得更快，故选A项。2．B推理判断题。根据第三段提到Previously,pigswerebornandraisedinonebarnorinseveralbarnsclosetogether.Thismeantinfectionscouldeasilypassfromonegenerationtothenext...这些猪被养在一个栏或几个栏里，这意味着很容易传染，故选B项。3．A词义猜测题。根据第一段提到Inrecentyears,however,porkproducersfoundotherwaystoaccomplishthesamethingthroughimprovedhygiene(卫生).Asaresult,thedrugshavebecomelargelysuperfluous—yetmanyfarmersstillusethem.最后这些年，养猪的人通过卫生可以达到同样的效果，结果药物就被滥用，然而一些农民仍然再用，故选A项。4．A推理判断题。根据最后一段提到Whenfarmersadoptedmultisiteproduction,itcutdownondisease—andpigsactuallygrewfaster.当农民采用多站点的生产方式，这会减少疾病，长得确实是更快，故作者的观点是非常乐观的，所以选A项。Ⅱ.七选五__1__Wearelearningfromlifeconstantly,aslongaswerecognizeandacceptthoselessons.Whenyouchoosetobeastudentoflife,youopenyourselftolimitlessopportunities.Exploretheworld.Don'tlimityourselftoyourhometownortothecityyougotyourfirstjob.__2__Itdoesn'thavetobejustonetownoroneapartmentcomplex.Backpackingmaynotbeforeveryone,butit'stheonlywayyoucanseetheworld.Travellingdoesn'tjusthavetobegoingoverseasbutalsodroppingbymanystates.Cultureexistsnotjustinacountrybuteveninsmallcommunities.Acquirenewlifeskills.Maybeit'stimethatyoufinallylearnhowtofixabrokenfaucetorevenfixthefaultylightinyourbathroom.Youcanfinallycrossoutyourbucketlistitemsthathavebeenthereforever.Learnhowtodriveacarorrideabike.Therearedefinitelythingsyoudon'tknowhowtodo,andyouhavealifetimeaheadofyoutolearn.__3__Becultured.Watchasmanymoviesandreadasmanybooksaspossible.Anditdoesn'tmeanthatyouonlywatchtheoneswithhighratingsfromcritics.Booksandmoviesarethefruitofthewriters'orthemakers'lifeexperiencesandunderstandingoftheirsurroundings.Moviesandbooksareagoodlookintohowpeopleinterprettheworld.__4__Forsomeindividuals,togrowoldermeanstokeepyourcircleoffriendsdowntoafew,butthatshouldn'tstopyoufrommeetingnewpeople.Widenyourcirclebyallowingpeopleintoyourlifeandlettingthemgettoknowyou.Wideningyourcircletopeoplefromallwalksoflifegivesyouabiggerandbetterperspectiveoftheworld.Domanyfirst's.Whenwasthelasttimeyoudidsomethingforthefirsttime?__5__.Itcanbeassimpleaswatchingamoviealoneorasbigastryingbungeejumping.Doingsomethingforthefirsttimedoesn'tneedtohavealife­changingeffect.Itcanbeasimplerealizationthatapparently,goingtoafilmscreeningbyyourselfisn'tsobad.So,therearesomuchmoretolearn,especiallynowthatwe'revirtuallyconnectedtoeveryoneintheworld.Asastudentoflife,it'sreallyuptoyoutouseallyourresourcesandmakeitintosomethingenriching.A．Widenyourcircle.B．Entertainyourself.C．Lessonsarenotlimitedtoouracademicstudies.D．It'snevertoolatetostartlearningsomethingnew.E．Youdon'talwaysneedadeepunderstandingforeverythingyoudo.F．Gobeyondtheplaceyouconsiderhome,becausehomecanbemanyplaces.G．Ifyoucan'tthinkoftheanswer,maybeyouneedtogooutandtrysomethingnew.答案与解析1．C从下一句Wearelearningfromlifeconstantly...可知。2．F从上一句Don'tlimityourselftoyourhometown...可知3．D从上一句Therearedefinitelythings...可知4．A根据本段中的Widenyourcircle...可知5．G根据下一句Itcanbeassimple...可知Ⅲ.语法填空OnkeepingaDiaryinEnglishKeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneofthe__1__(effect)waystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.__2__(compare)withotherformsofwriting,itisshorterandtakes__3__(little)time.ItcanhelpustodevelopthehabitofthinkinginEnglish.__4__wepersistinthispractice,graduallywe'lllearnhowtoexpressourselvesinEnglish.InkeepingadiaryinEnglish,wecertainlyrunupagainstmany__5__(difficult).Inthefirstplace,__6__oftenhappensthatwehavetrouble__7__(find)appropriatewordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourmind.Secondly,therearemanyidiomaticwaysofsayingthingsinChinese.AnditisextremelyhardforustoputthemintoEnglishproperly.AsfarasIam__8__(concern),mysuggestionisthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese­Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.Wheneversomethingbeatsus,wecanfirstputitdowninournotebookandthenconsultourdictionary.WecanalsoturntoourEnglishteacherforhelp,ifnecessary.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis__9__greatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishfor__10__developmentofourwritingskills.答案与解析1．effective形容词作定语。2．comparedcomparedwith与……相比。3．less该空与shorter并列，故用比较级形式less。4．Ifif引导条件状语从句，意为"如果”。5．difficultiesmany后跟复数名词。6．itit作形式主语。7．findinghavetrouble(in)doingsth.有困难做某事。8．concernedAsfarasoneisconcerned就……而言。9．ofofgreatuse很有用。10．the该空为特指，故用定冠词the。Ⅳ.短文改错Lastweekendmysisterwenttothesupermarkettobuysomegroceries.Threehoursago,withfullbagsofgoodsinbothhands,sheheadedfornearbybusstop,tiringandhungry.Shewaswaitingforthebuswhileitbegantorain.Afterwhatseemedages,cameabus,crowdedofpassengers.Whenitwasherturntogetonthebus,someonesaid,"Sorry,nomorerooms."Quitedisappointed,mysist