专题10新课学习Unit1（语法学习写作过关）（原卷版）

第11讲新课学习必修第三册Unit1（语法学习&写作过关）目录语法导航：学习语法知识写作导航：单元写作记忆小试牛刀：词句精练+能力提升Ving做定语和表语非谓语：1.todo(表目的和将来）doing(ving)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词done（ved）(表被动和完成）动词ing形式由“动词原形+ing”构成。动词ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。一．Ving做表语现在分词做表语Theargumentisveryconvincing．.Theywereveryshockedatthenews.分词作表语，多表示主语具有的特征和状态。现在分词（doing）作表语，多表示主语具有的特征，常译为令人……;过去分词作表语(done)，多表示主语具有的状态，常译为感到……。动名词做表语（1）.Seeingisbelieving.（2）.Herjobiscleaningthewindowsofthathighbuilding.动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。Ving做现在分词和动名词的区别：现在分词说明主语的特征；动名词说明主语的内容。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置，而现在分词不可以作主语。即学即练单句语法填空①Itis(amaze)thattheboyisabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.②Buyingacarissimply(waste)money.③Pleasestopmakingthenoise—it’sgetting(annoy)．完成句子④Ourjobis.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。二．Ving做定语1.Ving作前置定语——相当于形容词动词ing形式作定语的意义动名词作定语表示名词的性质、特征或用途。现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。现在分词（doing）短语作定语时，通常做后置定语，其作用相当于定语从句。总结：1.ing形式作定语：单个动词的ing形式作定语,位于被修饰名词的前面,相当于形容词，表示被修饰者的作用和功能，被修饰者的性质和用途，被修饰者正在进行的动作。ing形式短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句。2.ing形式作表语：可分为现在分词和动名词现在分词可看做形容词，翻译为“使人……的”即学即练一．单句语法填空①Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwasajoke.②Theparkwasfullofpeople,(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.③Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthose(want)agoodnight’ssleep.二．句型转换④Thetaxithattookustotheairportbrokedown.→Thetaxi____ustotheairportbrokedown.⑤Theproblemthatisbeingdiscussedisaboutfoodsafety.→Theproblem___isaboutfoodsafety.⑥Thestudentstayedintheroomusedforreadingforanhour.→Thestudentstayed___foranhour.⑦Thatwasanexperiencethatfrightenedeveryone.→Thatwas___.三．用所给动词的适当形式填空1．Enteringtheroom，IfoundMary(sit)atthedeskandplayingputergames.2．Women(look)aftersmallchildreninthiscityusuallygetpaidmonthly.3．Theresultofthegamewas(disappoint)．4．Ifeltsomeone(pat)meontheshoulder.5．IheardMrWhite(sing)inthenextdoorwhenIpassedby.6．Thechildren(practise)playingtheviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek.7．Chinaisa(develop)countrywhileAmericaisa(develop)country.8．Herjobis(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.9．Theproblemthatheraisedatthemeetingwasquite(surprise)．10．Theman(wear)asadlooksaid,“I’velostmywallet.”11．Thehouse(build)fortheoldistobepletednextmonth.12．Thishardworkingstudentfinallyworkedoutthe(puzzle)problem.13．Doyouknowtheboy(play)basketball?14．Theman(talk)tomymotherismyuncle.15．Thestranger(stand)infrontofmyhousecaughtmyattention.四．完成句子1．Thebuildingisourteachingbuilding.(build)正在建造的那座大楼是我们的教学楼。2．Idon’tthinkherjokeisatall.(amuse)我认为她的玩笑一点也不好笑。3．Theylivedinahouse.(face)他们住在一个面向大海的房子里。4．sheworkedevenharder.(follow)在接下来的几年中，她学习更努力了。5．Whathelikesmostis.(playjokeson)他最喜欢的是取笑别人。6．Whoistheboy？(stand)站在那儿的男孩是谁？7．Hewasan(inspire)他是一个鼓舞人心的领导。8．Hisbrother,，livesinBeijing.(workas)他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。9．Theboysaremyclassmates.聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。10．Thefurnitureinalargeshoppingcenteresinavarietyofcolorsandshapes,andfromroundtosquare.大型超市里的家具有各种颜色和形状，从黑色到白色，从圆形到方形。叙事类记叙文的写作叙事类记叙文以叙述事件为主，突出事件的发生、发展和结果。在写这类记叙文时要注意其常用的篇章结构和写作技巧。【篇章结构】1．开篇：文章开篇交代事件的背景——时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件的起因(why)、经过(how)和结果(what)。2．主体：重在叙述事件的发生、发展以及结果，可分若干段落来写。3．结尾：呼应标题，发表感想、愿望等。【写作技巧】1．标题：明确、鲜明，指明事件或主题。2．线索：清晰。可以以时间变化、地点转换和事件发展为线索。3．写作顺序：通常采用顺叙的方式，也可根据实际需要采用倒叙、插叙等方式。4．写作手法：以叙述和描写为主，叙述交代事件发展，描写刻画人物形象。5．过渡：描述时间变化、地点转换、事件发展时要用适当的过渡词，使结构紧凑。6．人称：第一人称(给人以亲切感、真实感)；第三人称(显得比较客观)。7．时态：一般过去时为主，可根据需要适当使用其他时态。黄金模板(开篇：陈述基本信息)Itis________！Iexperienced________(节日名称).Ifelt________(总的感受).(主体：围绕具体事件展开陈述)Thedateof________(节日名称)is________；Thecustomis________________________________________________________________________；________(传统的历史情况).Thefirstactivityis________；Thesecondactivityis________.(结尾：表述感想或体会)Finally，Ifelt________(体会和感受)：butthisisanunforgettableexperience.I’mlookingforwardto________.练习1你校英语报Festival栏目正面向全校学生征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一次节日经历，并投稿。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯写作指导本写作可以分为三部分：第一部分：说明节日名称并简单介绍；第二部分：具体叙述节日的准备活动和庆祝活动；第三部分：总结节日经历并表明自己的感受。TheMidAutumnFestivalTheMidAutumnFestival,whichisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfestivalsinChina,fallsonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthmonthofthelunarcalender.练习2假设你是李华。你远在美国的笔友Jack对中国的春节很感兴趣，他来信询问有关情况。请你给他回一封电子邮件，应包括如下要点：1．春节在中国的地位；2．春节持续的时间；3．春节期间人们的活动；4．你对春节的态度。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：春节联欢晚会SpringFestivalGalaDearJack，Yours，LiHua词句精练一.单句语法填空1．Herjobis(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.2．(clean)womeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaidbythehour.3．Noonehaseupwitha(convince)explanationofwhythiskindofanimalisdyingout.4．Yesterday，ourmanager，(represent)ourpany，madeaspeechatthemeeting.5．Themen(work)forextrahoursgotanextrapay.6．Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf(stand)inonecorner.7．Thehouses(build)arefortheteachers.8．Theselanternshangingalongthestreetare(amaze)．9．Thenewsisso(excite)thatallthestudentsjumpedwithjoy.10．Theworkers'taskis(collect)informationfromallthematerial.二.短文语法填空Thereisawonderfulstoryaboutayounggirl1.(have)nofamilyandnoonetoloveher.Oneday，2.(feel)verysadandlonely，shewaswalkingthroughagrasslandwhenshenoticedasmallbutterfly3.(catch)inathornybush.Theyounggirlcarefullyreleasedthebutterfly.Insteadof4.(fly)away，thelittlebutterflychangedintoabeautifulfairy.“Inreturnforyourwonderfulkindness，”thegoodfairysaidtothegirl，“Iwillgiveyouanywishthatyouwouldlike5.(get)．”Thelittlegirlthoughtforamomentandthenreplied，“Iwanttobehappy.”6．(lean)towardher,thefairywhisperedinherearandthendisappeared.Withthelittlegirl7.(grow)up，therewasnooneinthelandhappierthanshewas.Everyonewantedtomakethemselves8.(tell)thesecretofhappinessbyher.Shewouldonlysmileandanswer，“ThesecretofmyhappinessisthatIlistenedtoagoodfairywhenIwasalittlegirl.”Whenshewasdying,theneighborsallgatheredaroundher，9.(fear)thatherunbelievablesecretofhappinesswoulddiewithher.Sotheybeggedhertotellthemwhatthegoodfairysaid.Thelovelyoldwomansimplysmiledandsaid，“Shetoldmethateveryone,nomatterhowoldoryoung,howrichorpoor，hadneedofme.”Hearingthe10.(interest)story，everyonebecamehappierfromthenon.能力提升一．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itisobviousthatthevariousfestivalsaretimesof__1__(happy),funandexcitement,notofsadness.Theyhavemanyorigins.Someare__2__(religion)andsomeareseasonal.EasterisanimportantfestivalforChristiansallovertheworld.Peoplearethankfulbecausetheirfood__3__(gather)forthewinterandtheagriculturalworkisover.Somefestivalsareheld__4__(honor)orsatisfyandpleasethedead.InJapanafestivaliscalledObon.Theyhavelampsonandplaymusic__5__theythinkthiswillhelpthedeadbacktoEarth.TheDragonBoatFestivalhonorsthefamousancient__6__(poem),QuYuan,ColumbusDayisinmemory__7__thearrivalofColumbusintheNewWorld.IndiahonorsMohandasGandhiwhohelpedgainIndia'sindependencefromBritain.And__8__mostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothe__9__(e)ofspring,suchastheLunarNewYear,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother.Nomatterwhatthereasonis,festivalsarealwaystimesforgreatfeastswithlotstoeat,specialandoftennewclothingtowearand__10__(general)lotsoffun.二．阅读理解YouthfootballteammembersrescuedmorethantwoweeksaftersuddenfloodingtrappedtheminacaveinThailandarenowbeingwelllookedafteratahospitalinthenortherncityofChiangRai.Inadditiontotreatingtheboysforpotentialbodyfluidloss,inadequatenutritionandlackofoxygen,theirdoctorsalsoplantocloselymonitorthemforsymptomsofdiseasesthatmayhavebeeninfectedbyanimalslivinginthecave.“Thenextstepistomakesurethosekidsandtheirfamiliesaresafe,becauselivinginacaveprovidesadifferentenvironment,whichmightcontainanimalsthatcouldtransmit...disease,”saidthelocalhospital.Theboysandtheirfamilymembershavebeentoldtowatchforsymptomssuchasheadache,nausea(反胃),musclepainordifficultybreathing,thereportsadded.Yetbasedonthelocationwheretheboysweretrapped—morethanfourkilometersfromthecaveplexsmainentrance,pastsomefullysubmergedpassages—andthefacttheyhavebeenswimmingoutwearingfullscubafacemasks,itseemsunlikelythattheywerelivingwithbatsinthecaveorbreathedinbatassociatedbacteriaduringtheirrescue,severalinfectiousdiseaseexpertssaid.“Itshardtoimaginebatsgotthatdeepintothecavebecauseofallthosenarrowpassageways,butitispossible,”saysIanLipkin,ananimalexpertandprofessorattheMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthatColumbiaUniversity.“Itsunlikelythattherewouldbemanyanimalsinthere,”notesJonathanEpstein,adoctoratEcoHealthAlliance,anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesdiseasesandhowtopreventthem.Batstypicallyliketorestinareastheycaneasilyenterandexit,notinplacesthatfullyflood,headds.BatsinThailandhavebeenlinkedwithawiderangeofvirusesthataresimilartosevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)—Lipkinsays.Butitseemsmorelikelytheboyswouldhavebeenexposedtoinfectioncausingbacteriawhentheyswamthroughthedirtywaterwithcutsandscrapes.“Ifyouaretryingtoprioriti