Module4Unit1Helivesthefarthestfromschool.知识点课件英语八年级上册张

&1&

happen

v.

发生，出现&2&

教材语境

What

happened？

发生什么事了？（教材P26）&3&

作不及物动词，常指偶然发生。主语通常是事（物）。常见用法：（1）sth.

happen（s）/happened+时间状语/地点状语"某时/某地发生某事"Every

year,

forest

fires

happen

at

times

in

different

places.

每年，森林大火在不同的地方时有发生。（选自遂宁中考）&4&

还可意为"碰巧"。happen

to

do

sth."碰巧做某事"。（2）sth.

happen（s）/happened

to

sb."某人发生某事"What

happened

to

Tom

yesterday?

昨天汤姆发生了什么事？He

happened

to

look

into

her

shopping

basket

and

was

surprised

to

see

cat

food.

他碰巧往她的购物篮里看了看，很惊奇地看到了猫粮。（选自河南中考）&6&

此处作可数名词,have

an

accident

"出事故"。&5&

accident/ˈæksɪdənt/n.交通事故;意外事件教材语境

There

was

a

road

accident，and

the

traffic

was

very

heavy.

路上碰到一起交通事故，交通很拥堵。（教材P26）In

case

of

an

accident,

bicycle

riders

should

know

how

to

give

first

aid.如果发生事故，骑自行车的人应该知道如何进行急救。（选自衡阳中考）&7&

还可意为"意外，偶然的事"。by

accident

"偶然；意外地"，同义短语为by

chance。Tea

was

invented

by

accident

about

5,000

years

ago.茶是大约五千年前偶然间被发明出来的。（选自怀化中考）&8&

heavy

adj.

（交通）繁忙的&9&

此处作形容词，意为"（交通）繁忙的"。作形容词，还可意为"重的"。Nowadays

the

traffic

is

very

heavy

in

many

cities.

如今许多城市的交通都非常拥挤。The

bag

is

too

heavy

for

me

to

carry.

这个包太重了，我提不起来。&10&

heavy

与不同名词搭配时的不同译法：heavy

rain暴雨

heavy

snow大雪heavy

drinking

过量饮酒

heavy

sky阴沉的天空heavy

fighting激烈的战斗heavy

dinner丰盛的正餐教材语境

But

nobody

was

late，except

me.

但除了我之外，没有人迟到。（教材P26）&11&

except/ɪkˈsept/prep.除……之外&12&

&13&

except，but与besidesexcept除……之外（不包括其后的词）常用于同类事物的排除，指从整体中减去一部分，不包括在内。but除……之外（不包括其后的词）只用于不定代词all、none以及由no、every和any构成的复合不定代词等词之后。besides除……之外（还）（包括其后的名词）指在整体上包括除去的部分，即"包括在内"。特别提醒主语后接"except+名词/代词"结构时，谓语动词的单复数由except前面的主语决定。Everyone

in

the

summer

camp

except

Tom

and

Mary

is

from

China.

夏令营里除了汤姆和玛丽外，大家都来自中国。母题

(天水中考改编)I

want

to

learn

a

second

foreign

language

___

English.C

【解析】根据"foreign

language"可知，既然是外语，也就是包括英语在内，所以应用besides,选C。类题探究类题

I

want

to

learn

a

second

foreign

language

___

Japanese,

because

I

don't

like

it.A

【解析】it在此指代Japanese,由"because

I

don't

like

it"可知，此处不包括日语，又因but只用于all、none、nothing等词之后，所以应用except，选A。&15&

maybe与may

be教材语境

Maybe

I

should

go

to

school

by

taxi（"by+交通工具"结构）.

也许我应该坐出租车去上学。（教材P26）&14&

maybe

adv.

大概，或许，可能maybe副词,在句中作状语,意为"大概,或许,可能",相当于

perhaps，常置于句首，有时也可位于句中。may

bemay

be属于"情态动词+be动词"结构，在句中作谓语,意为"可能是"。Maybe

she

is

a

doctor.=She

may

be

a

doctor.她可能是个医生。&16&

by+交通工具

乘（坐）……&17&

&18&

该结构通常在句中作方式状语，对其提问用how。—How

will

you

go

to

Paris

next

weekend？下周末你将怎么去巴黎？—By

plane.

乘飞机。&19&

"by+交通工具"结构可与"in/on+限定词+交通工具"以及"take+a/the+交通工具"相互转换。She

usually

goes

to

school

by

bike（=on

a/her

bike）,

but

sometimes

by

bus（=takes

a/the

bus）.她通常骑自行车去上学，但是有时坐公共汽车。考向点拨1.考查"by+交通工具"；2.考查"对交通方式进行提问应用how"这一用法。典例1

(安顺中考)In

order

to

protect

the

environment,

many

people

choose

to

go

to

work

___

subway.C

【解析】句意：为了保护环境，很多人选择乘地铁上班。"by+交通工具"表示"乘（坐）……"，在句中作方式状语。故选C。教材语境

That's

a

good

choice，but

it's

a

bit

dangerous.

那是个不错的选择，但有点儿危险。（教材P26）&20&

choice/tʃɔɪs/n.选择（choose

v.选择）&21&

常用搭配：典例2

(江西中考)Which

ice

cream

do

you

want,

Mary?

You

can't

have

all

of

them.

You

have

to

make

a

___.C

【解析】句意：你想要哪种冰淇淋，玛丽？你不能全都要。你必须作出选择。wish"愿望"；survey"调查"；choice"选择"；call"电话"。根据"You

can't

have

all

of

them"可知，玛丽必须作出选择。故选C。&22&

far

/fɑː/

adv.远；遥远

adj.远的；遥远的副词far的最高级形式，修饰动词livesMost

of

these

boys'

parents

work

in

big

cities

far

from

the

village.

这些男孩的父母大多在远离村庄的大城市工作。（选自宜昌中考）I

saw

her

on

the

far

side

of

the

road.我看见她在马路那头。far的比较级和最高级farther/farthest分别表示空间或时间上"更远""最"further/furthest除分别表示空间或时间上"更远""最远"外，还可分别表示程度上"更进一步""最大限度"特别提醒There

is

a

picture

on

the

farthest/furthest

wall.最远的那面墙上有一幅画。The

book

has

probably

gone

furthest

in

explaining

these

events.这本书对这些事件的解释可能最为详细。&23&

close/kləʊs/

adj.（距离上）近的，接近的

adv.（距离上）接近地（closer,

closest）&24&

&25&

常见用法：The

store

is

close

to

my

house,

but

it

usually

closes

on

weekends.

这家商店离我家很近，但它通常在周末关门。Some

of

her

close

relatives

live

close

to

her.

她的一些近亲住得离她很近。&26&

closely作副词，意为"仔细地（含义同carefully）；密切地"，表抽象意义。He

often

sits

there

and

watches

everyone

closely.

他经常坐在那里仔细观察每个人。The

firemen

worked

closely

with

each

other

to

put

out

the

big

fire

last

night.昨晚，消防员相互密切合作扑灭了大火。（选自常州中考）教材语境

But

it's

so

crowded!

但公共汽车太拥挤了！（教材P26）&27&

crowded/ˈkraʊdɪd/

adj.拥挤的，人数过多的（more

crowded,most

crowded）

&28&

反义词:uncrowded"不拥挤的"&29&

常用短语：becrowdedwith"挤满……"The

Great

Wall

is

crowded

with

visitors

from

home

and

abroad

every

summer.每年夏天，长城都挤满了国内外的游客。语境串记The

streets

were

so

crowded

yesterday.

People

crowded

the

streets.

He

pushed

his

way

through

the

crowd.昨天街道非常拥挤，街上挤满了人。他在人群中往前挤。教材语境

...but

remember

to