高考英语一轮复习动词的语态课件

专题复习

动词语态被动语态概念结构及用法主动表被动易错点练习题主动与被动的概念(1)他把门打开了。Heopenedthedoor.（主动句）主语谓语宾语(2)门被他打开了。（被动句）The

door

was

opened

by

him.被动原则：宾语提前，主语+by(由动作的发出者/执行者——动作的承受者)被动形式：bedone(过去分词)汉语中表示被动的词：被/受/由/给……“把”字句与“被”字句被动语态结构及用法不同时态中的被动语态时态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are+doneRiceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.一般过去时was/were+doneThewindowwasbrokenbyhim.现在进行时am/is/are+being+doneThegroundisbeingcleaned.过去进行时was/were+being+doneTreeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastmonth.一般将来时will+be+doneAbuildingwillbebuiltinthefuture.现在完成时have/has+been+doneHomeworkhasalreadybeenfinished.过去完成时had+been+doneHehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatwriter.被动语态几种句型一般疑问句Be+主语+及物动词的过去分词+（by）例：WastheTVmadeinChina？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+及物动词的过去分词+（by）例：WherewastheTVmade否定句肯定句主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）例：TheTVwasmadeinChina.主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词+（by）例：TheTVwasnotmadeinChina.注：(1)谓语动词必须是及物动词，即V+宾语(2)如果不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出，by可以省略。双宾语结构（间宾、直宾）

Lucygavemeapen.间接宾语（通常为人/对象）直接宾语（通常为具体的东西）变为被动Iwas

given

a

pen

by

Lucy.(强调对象)Apenwasgivento

mebyLucy.（强调给的东西）用“for”:make/buy/get等。用“to”:give/send/lend/take等。被动语态主动表被动（1）系动词没有被动：feel,seem,sound,taste,look,become,fall,get,remain,stay,turn等.例：Yourvoicesoundsgood.

你的嗓音很好听。Thisdishtastesdelicious.这道菜很美味。（2）动名词表被动：need/require/want/deserve/beworthdoing=need/require/want/deserve/beworthtobedone例：Thebikeneedsrepairing.=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.自行车需要修理。（3）不及物动词或短语没有被动：appear,die,end,cometrue,takeplace,breakout,happen,fail,sit,spread,occur,fallasleep等

（4）不定式表被动：不定式的结构与其前面的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系.

例：Shehasanimportantthing

todo.她有一件重要的事情去做。被动语态易错点易错点被动结构中介词或副词不可省。不及物动词用来说明主语本身具有的特点，无被动“TOO…TOO…”结构用主动表被动常见句型搭配Badhabitshouldbegotridof.(of不可省)Theseclothessellwell.(此类不及物动词有：wash,write,sell,open等)Thisquestionistoodifficulttodealwith.Itissaid…据说…Itiswellknownthat…众所周知…Itisreported/supposed/hoped/suggestedthat…据报道/推测/希望/有人建议…Practicemakesperfect!“课堂小测”1.[2023全国甲卷]Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill

（employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【答案】beemployed2.[2023年1月浙江卷]Citizensofhighersocialclasses_____（permit）toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.【答案】werepermitted3.[2023全国乙卷]...I

(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.【答案】

wasamazed4.ThebookaboutAmericanPresidentLincolnisveryinterestingandworth

twice.(2017-25)A.toreadB.beingreadC.readingD.havingread【答案】C5.Theelectricfurnace

beforeitcanbeused.(2012-28)A.needsrepairingB.shouldbeinrepairC.mustrepairD.hastoberepairable【答案】A6.---Whatisthatterriblenoise,David---Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachinesinthenearbyplace.weretestedB.willbetestedC.arebeingtestedD.havebeentested【答案