新教材2023版高中英语课时作业7Unit11ConflictandCompromisePartCLesson2DealingwithConflict北师大版选择性必修第四册

课时作业(七)Unit11PartCLesson2DealingwithConflictⅠ.阅读理解AForyears,thegiantsquid(大王乌贼)hadremainedamodernmystery.Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean,thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.Ithadalsomanagedtoavoidallattemptstofilmit.ThatchangedlastJuly:forthefirsttimeever,scientistswereabletocatchthegiantsquidonvideoinitsnaturalhabitat.Theywereamazedbywhattheysaw.ThescientistsfilmedthesquidintheNorthPacificOcean,southofTokyo,Japan.Theyfolloweditdowntoadepthof2，952feet.Theyshotmorethan23minutesofvideobeforethesquidswamoffintoevendarkerdepths,ThevideofootagewillbereleasedtothepubliclaterthismonthonTheDiscoveryChannel.TsunemiKubodera,azoologistatJapan'sNationalMuseumofNatureandScience,ledtheteamthatfilmedthesquid.Theteamwentintotheoceaninasmallsubmarinewithlightsinvisibletobothhumansandsquid.Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid,thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait(诱饵).Thenthescientistswaitedinthepitchblackforthegiantsquidtoapproach.Thecolorvideoshowsthecreaturefloatingvertically,eatingthebaitsquid.Thegiantsquidis9to10feetlongandismissingitstwolongesttentacles(触须).Withthosetentacles,itcouldhavemeasuredupto26feetlong.Ithashugeblackeyes,thesizeofdinnerplates.“Itwasshiningandsobeautiful，”Kuboderasaid.Becausethedeepoceanissounfriendlytohumans,littleisknownaboutthegiantsquid.Scientistssaycatchingthemysteriouscreatureonvideoisanimportantsteptowardunderstandingit.Forcenturies,sailorshadreportedseeingahuge,ocean­dwellingbeast,thoughttobethegiantsquid.ThecreatureisalsobelievedtobethesubjectoftheNordicmythofthekraken,aseacreaturethatsupposedlyattackedshipsinScandinavianwatersoverthepastthousandsofyears.1．Whyisitdifficulttofilmthegiantsquid?A．Becauseitisillegaltofilmthegiantsquid.B．Becauseitistooexpensivetomakesuchafilm.C．Becausethegiantsquidlivesinthedarkdeepocean.D．Becausethegiantsquidisdangeroustohumans.2．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatscientists________．A．firstsawthegiantsquidintheoceanB．discoveredanewseacreatureintheoceanC．havetheoceanbottomsecretlyrecordedonvideoD．havefirstcaughtthelegendarygiantsquidonvideo3．Accordingtothepassage,thegiantsquid'slongesttentaclescanbe________．A．16to17feetlongB．9to10feetlongC．morethan26feetlongD．about36feetlong4．Thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidintheoceanto________．A．increasethenumberofthegiantsquidB．trickthegiantsquidintocomingoutC．makeaneducationalfilmaboutitD．showconcernforthegiantsquidBWithclimatechangeandoverfishingthreateningouroceans,itisbecomingincreasinglyimportantforresearcherstocloselyobserveandcheckseaanimalsandplants.However,it'salmostimpossibletomakeitsincehumanpresencescarestheanimals.Now,thankstotherobot,akaSoFi,researchersmaybeabletosolvetheproblem.BuiltbyMIT'slaboratory，thesnow­whiteremote­controlledrobotsimulatesfish,completewithaflexibletailthatmovesfromsidetosideandtwo“fins(鳍)”．Whentherobotisunderthesea,amotorispumpingwaterintoapairofballoon­likeroomslocatedintherobot'stail.Theseroomsoperatesimilarlytothekeypartsinengines.Asoneroomexpands,thetailbendstooneside;whenthemotorpusheswatertotheotherchannel,thetailbendsintheotherdirection.Thustherobotgainstheabilitytomovetowhereitwantstogo.SoFisolvesmanyoftheissuesthathaveaffectedtheusefulness(有效性)ofpreviousrobots—sometypesofautonomousunderwatervehicles(AUVs).AUVstraditionallyoftenhavehadtobetiedtoaboatbecauseradiofrequencycommunicationsdonotworkwellunderwater.Soresearchersusesoundwaves.Thenewtechnologycantravelgreaterdistances,allowingdrivers,byusingacontroller，topilotSoFifromupto50feetaway.SoFicanmovearoundtheocean,unaffectedbyropes.AlsolimitingtraditionalAUVs'usefulnessistheriskofhittingsomething，likehardstones.Withtheoutsidemadeofrubber(橡胶)andplasticthatcankeepitsbuilt­inelectronicsdry,SoFicanefficientlyavoidhitting.Soasoftrobotismorelikelytosurviveapotentialcrisis.DuringtestdivesinRainbowReef,SoFiswamalongsidetheunsuspecting(无疑心的)oceanlifeatdepthsof50feetforupto40minutesatatime，obtaininghigh­qualityphotosandvideos.Moreimportantly,itwasabletodosowithoutcausinganydisturbance.Researcherssaysometimesthefishwouldswimalongsidethestrange­lookingrobotincuriosity,whileatothertimestheyappearedtocompletelyignoreitsexistence.“It'snotperfect,butwe'reimprovingit.Oureffortswillpayoff，”saysRobertKatzschmann.5．TherobotSoFiiscreatedto________．A．observeclimatechangeB．helptomonitorseacreaturesC．catchfishandobservethemD．preventoverfishinginoceans6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simulates”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Ismodeledafter. B．Isdesignedfor.C．Iscombinedwith. D．Isappliedto.7．What'sParagraph3mainlywrittentoshow?A．TheshapeofSoFi.B．TheapplicationofSoFi.C．ThestructureofSoFi'stail.D．ThetheoryofSoFi'smovement.8．What'sRobertKatzschmann'sattitudetowardsSoFi?A．Satisfied. B．Negative.C．Hopeful. D．Neutral.Ⅱ.完形填空Troylongedtobeaprofessionalbasketballplayer.Hehadlovedthe__1__eversincehewasasmallchild.Hewasalsoveryskilled.However,hehadonesmall__2__.Hewasveryshort.Althoughhisschoolcoachhadsuggestedthathewouldnever__3__itintheprofessionalleagues,he__4__togiveuphisdream.Troyhadseveral__5__triesatprofessionalclubs.ThenhewenttoaclubinLosAngelesand__6__thecoachforatry.Asusual，hewasrefused.“Butyouhaven'tevengivenmea(n)__7__，”saidTroy.“WhyshouldI？”askedthecoach.“BecauseonedayIamgoingtobethebestplayerintheworld__8__Iwillbeabletohelpyouout，”Troyrepliedseriously.Thecoachsmiledatthe__9__oftheanswer.“Alrightkid，”hesaid.Troytookpartinashortpracticematchandthecoachwas__10__athisskills.“You__11__havealotoftalent，”hesaid.Aftertwoshortyears，Troywasaregularforthe__12__andhadevenwontheawardastheteam'smostvaluableplayer.__13__withTroy'shelp,theteamwasn'twinningmanygamesandthecoachwassaidtobeclosetolosinghis__14__.BeforeagameagainsttheNewYorkteam，hecalledTroyintohisofficeforadiscussion.“IhaveheardthatifwelosetonightthenIwillbereplacedbyanothercoach，”hetoldTroy.“Ineedyoutocarrytheteamandwinthegame.Doyourememberyour__15__beforeIsignedyou？”Troynodded.Hewentontoplaythegameofhislifethatevening.Theteamwonthegameandwoneverygamethatwasleftthatseason.1．A.task B．classC．sport D．place2．A.doubt B．problemC．dream D．reason3．A.change B．learnC．hear D．make4．A.tried B．regrettedC．refused D．feared5．A.unsuccessful B．meaningfulC．unfair D．careless6．A.found B．askedC．forced D．considered7．A.choice B．instructionC．suggestion D．chance8．A.and B．butC．if D．as9．A.influence B．confidenceC．interest D．shortness10．A.annoyed B．disappointedC．puzzled D．surprised11．A.certainly B．usuallyC．finally D．possibly12．A.program B．partyC．club D．school13．A.Again B．AlmostC．Even D．Only14．A.money B．jobC．team D．patience15．A.promise B．purposeC．advice D．Secret课时作业(七)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文。大王乌贼生活在深海，人们很难有机会看到它，长期以来人们对它知之甚少。最近科学家在深海拍摄到了这种神秘的生物，有望揭开其神秘的面纱。1．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Livinginthedarkdepthsoftheocean,thecreatureisdifficultforscientiststoobservedirectly.”可知，因为大王乌贼生活在大洋深处，所以人们很难拍摄到它。2．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，科学家在北太平洋下到深度为2952英尺的地方第一次拍摄了一段23分钟长的有关大王乌贼的视频。因此D项正确。3．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这只大王乌贼有9到10英尺长，算上它的触须可达到26英尺长，由此可得出，这只大王乌贼最长的触须有16到17英尺长。4．答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sincegiantsquideatsmallersquid,thescientistsreleasedasmallsquidasbait.”可知，科学家在大洋里放一条小乌贼的目的是将大王乌贼引诱出来。B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个名叫SoFi的机器人，它能够帮助研究人员密切观察海洋动植物，并介绍了SoFi的工作原理及优点。5．答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段的“itisbecomingincreasinglyimportantforresearcherstocloselyobserveandcheckseaanimalsandplants.”和“Now,thankstotherobot,akaSoFi,researchersmaybeabletosolvetheproblem.”可知，SoFi能够帮助研究人员解决这个问题，也就是说，SoFi能够帮助研究人员监测海洋生物，故选B。6．答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“completewithaflexibletailthatmovesfromsidetosideandtwo‘fins(鳍)’”可知，它有一个灵活的尾巴能从一边移到另一边，还有两个鳍。由此可以推断出SoFi是模仿鱼类的外形设计的，故选A。7．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。根据本段中“Thustherobotgainstheabilitytomovetowhereitwantstogo.”可知，本段介绍的是机器人是如何获得这种运动的能力的，即机器人SoFi的运动理论，故选D。8．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“It'snotperfect,butwe'reimprovingit.Oureffortswillpayoff，”saysRobertKatzschmann.可知，RobertKatzschmann认为虽然机器人SoFi现在不是完美的，但他们会进行改进。而且他认为他们的努力会得到回报，也就是说，RobertKatzschmann对机器人SoFi的态度是充满希望的，故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。虽然Troy没有身高优势，但是他从没放弃追逐自己的职业篮球运动员的梦想。最后，功夫不负有心人，Troy不仅成为球队中的最有价值球员，而且还带领自己的球队不断走向成功。1．答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从小就热爱这项运动。根据上一句中的“beaprofessionalbasketballplayer”可知，Troy热爱篮球这项“运动”，故选C。2．答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他有一个小麻烦。根据下一句“Hewasveryshort.”可知，这是Troy的“麻烦”，故选B。3．答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的学校教练曾暗示他永远不会在职业联赛中取得成功，但他拒绝放弃自己的梦想。根据语境可知，Troy的教练认为他永远不可能进篮球职业联盟，故选D。4．答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Troy在职业俱乐部的尝试可知，他“拒绝”放弃自己的篮球梦想，故选C。5．答案与解析：A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：T