Unit1+Art+Words+and+Expressions+【知识精研+能力提升】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit1WordsandExpressionsprecise/prɪˈsaɪs/adj.准确的；精确的Itwasdifficulttomeasurethepreciseimpactofthelaboraction.此次罢工影响几何，难以作出准确的评估。IthinkwecandatethedeclineofWesternCivilizationquiteprecisely我认为我们可以相当准确地确定西方文明开始衰落的年代。Icanbereasonablypreciseaboutthetimeoftheincident.我可以相当准确地说出这件事发生的时间。助记：同义词：exact,accuratebepreciseaboutsth.对某事相当精确preciselyadv.准确地；精确地；的确如此【语境串记】Toreachapreciseagreement,youmustexpressyourselfprecisely.为了达成精确的协议，你必须精确地表达自己的意思。realistic/ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/adj.现实的；逼真的Youmustsetrealisticaimsandobjectivesforyourself.你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标。Wehavetoberealisticaboutourchancesofwinning.我们必须实事求是地估计我们获胜的可能性。Asarealist,IamrealisticabouteverythingIdo.AndIwishwecantalkwithrealism.作为一个现实主义者，我对我所做的每件事都很现实。我希望我们能用现实主义来交谈。realrealityn.真实，现实reallyrealism

n.现实主义realisticadj.现实的，逼真的realistn.现实主义者inparticular尤其；特别（2015天津）Oneagentrecommendedahouseinparticular.一位经纪人特别推荐了一套房子。Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.她对衣着特别挑剔。Hedoesn'tparticularlyliketheworkbutheseesitasameanstoanend.他不怎么喜欢这项工作，只是把它看作达到目的的手段而已。particularadj.特指的；特别的；挑剔同义：specially,especiallyparticularlyadv.特别；尤其＝inparticularbeparticularabout/over...对……讲究/挑剔Themeetingstartsat2o’clock____________(precise)everyFridayafternoon.Hispaintingwasso___________thatsome_____________thoughtitwasaphototakenbyadigitalcamera.(realism)Ilikepurchasingredclothes____particularbecauseredisa______________(particular)popularcolorinChina.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)AsfarasI'mconcerned，____________________________________________andmydreamistobeanationalfootballplayerinthefuture.就我而言，我特别喜欢踢足球，我的梦想是在未来成为一名国家足球运动员。preciselyrealisticrealistsinparticularlyI

love

playing

football

in

particularsetapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……BylearningChinese,Icansetmyselfapartfromotherjobapplicants.学习汉语，我就会比别的求职者更具有竞争力。Aftertheearthquake,thepeoplesetaboutrebuildingtheirhomes.地震过后，人们开始重建家园。Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。Heurgedthemtosetasideminordifferencesforthesakeofpeace.他敦促他们为了和平抛开一些小的分歧。Itisnecessarytosetdowntheseadditionalrules.有必要制定这些补充规则。setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事setouttodosth.开始做某事setaside留出；把……置于一旁setdown写下；记下setoff(for)出发；引发setup竖起；建立Myfather’sdevotiontohiswork______________________otherdoctors.Everydayhe____________thehospitalwhich_________ayearagoat5amand_______________________________________at5∶20am.Hecarefully___________patients’cases.Whileheissobusy，hestillsucceedsin_________________sometimetochatwithmeaboutmyschoolperformance.Thus，myfatheristhepersonIadmiremost.我父亲对工作的献身精神使他有别于其他医生。他每天早上5点出发去那所一年前成立的医院上班，并且在5点20开始工作。他仔细地记下病人的病情。虽然他很忙，但他还是成功地抽出一些时间和我聊我在学校的表现。因此，我的父亲是我最钦佩的人。setshimapartfromsetsoffforwassetupsetsaboutworking/setsouttoworksetsdownsettingasideinfluential/ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的

n.有影响的人;有权势的人Sheisoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresinlocalpolitics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物。Hispaintingshadastronginfluenceonmeasastudent.我当学生时，他的画对我产生过强烈的影响。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.这些测验表明当我们在做决定的时候,社会环境极具影响力。influentiallyadv.有影响地；有力地influencen．&vt.影响同义：affectv.影响effectn.影响impactn.影响haveaninfluenceon/upon...对……有影响underone’sinfluence在某人的影响下单句语法填空/完成句子Duringhislife，hemademany_________________inventions，allofwhichhave________________ourdailylifegreatly.(influence)__________________(influence)bythesefilmsandTVplays,someteenagersbelievethatsmokinghelpsmakethemmoreattraction.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)_________________________________________，Ihavegrownincreasinglyinterestedinphysics.Inotherwords，myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel，______________________________________________.SoheisthepersonIrespectmost.在我的物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣了。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。influentialinfluencedInfluencedUndermyphysicsteacher’sinfluencewhohasagreatinfluenceon/uponmereputation/ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/n.名誉；名声Alibabaalsohasagoodreputationandafamousbrand.阿里巴巴则是拥有良好口碑的知名公司。Ifyoufailtohonorthedraft,you'llloseyourreputation.如果你方不承兑汇票，你们会名誉扫地。Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline.这所学校因纪律严格而名闻遐迩。reputationn.名誉:名声助记：reputen.名声，声誉同义：famen.名声celebrityn.名声，名人haveagood/badreputation名声好/坏lose/ruinone’sreputation名誉扫地haveareputationforsth因…而著名；以…闻名rank/ræŋk/

n.地位；级别；行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排成行一词多义快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思1．Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.

2．Hewassoonpromotedtotherankofcaptain.

3．TsinghuaUniversityisrankedfirstinChinaforengineering.

rank...as...把……评为……rankhigh/first名列前茅/第一socialrank社会地位单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Today'smatchranks___________oneofthemostexcitinggamesthatthesetwohaveeverplayed.(2)Hegotagoodmarkinthetest,___________(rank)firstinhisclass.(3)Learningthat_________________________________________________________________________，Iamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulations.得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中获得第一名，我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文之祝贺信)asrankingyourankedfirstintheEnglishspeechcompetitionheldlastweek

purchasevt.购买；采购n.购买；购买的东西Theequipmentcanbepurchasedfromyourlocalsupplier.这种设备可从您当地的供应商购买。purchaseprice买价purchasefrom...从某处购买；采购purchasesthwith...用/通过……购买某物makeapurchase(of)购买；采购（2016天津阅读A）Snacks

outside

of

mealtimes

may

_____________________（purchase）by

the

student

individually.

bepurchasedphotophotographer

n.摄影师photographyn.照相术:摄影photographicadj摄影的;摄制的;照片的photographn.照片v.拍照emerge/ɪˈmɜːdʒ/vi&vt.出现；浮现；暴露Shefinallyemergedfromherroomatnoon.中午，她终于从屋里出来了。Chinahasonceagainemergedasaworldpower中国又一次以世界强国的姿态崛起。ItrepresentstheemergenceofthecoreareaofChineseculture.它代表华夏文化核心区的出现。同义：appearv.出现emergefromsth.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现；浮现；露出emergeas...作为……出现emergence

n．出现；显露单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Heusedtorankfirstatschoolandnowonderheemerged___________akeyfigureintheprogramme.(2)Wearewitnessingthe__________________(emerge)ofapowerfulcountry.(3)Themonkey___________________________________________，frighteningLucyintoscreaming.那只猴子突然从树后出现，把露西吓得尖叫起来。(读后续写之动作描写)asemergencesuddenlyemergedfrombehindthetreeconvey/kənˈveɪ/

vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送Pleaseconveymygoodwishestoyourmother.请向您母亲转达我的祝愿Pipesconveyhotwaterfromtheboilertotheradiators.通过管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里.convey...tosb.向某人表达/传递……conveyone’sfeelings/thanks/wishestosb向某人表达某人的感情/谢意/祝愿convey...tosb.for...因……向某人表示……conveysthfrom...to...把某物从……运送到……(1)Pleaseconveyourbestregards___________

yourparentsassoonasyoureturntoyourcountry.(2)Intheletter，Iwouldlike________________________________________________

yourassistance.在信中，我谨对您的帮助表示衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)totoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforsubjective/səbˈdʒektɪv/adj.主观的

subsequent

adj.随后的；后来的；之后的

objectiveadj.客观的subsequentto...在……之后

priorto在…之前fond/fɒnd/adj.喜爱

fondly adv.天真地;怜爱地;温柔地

befondof喜爱;喜欢Ifyouarefondofonlineshopping,rememberyourpasswordandkeepsecret.如果你喜欢网上购物,要牢记你的密码,并保密。Icannotwaittolearnamusicalinstrument,becauseIamreallyfondofmusic.我迫不及待想学一门乐器,因为我十分喜欢音乐。I________

(fond)imaginedthatyoucaredforme.I_______________________________

andIusedtotakeanactivepartinourclassplays.我喜欢表演,我过去经常积极参加班级表演。fondlyamfondofperformingsculpture

n.雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术

sculptor

n.雕刻家；雕塑家arched/ɑːtʃt/adj.拱形的；弓形的arch/ɑːtʃ/vt.&vi.呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形n.拱；拱形结构；拱门Thereareseven________(arch)inthebridge.Thedog________(arch)itsbackandstretcheditself.Walkthroughthe________(arch)gate,youcangettoasmallpond.archesarchedarchedinvestment/ɪnˈvestmənt/

n.投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入makeaninvestmentin在……方面投资invest

vt.投资；投入investin(doing)sth.投资某事investor

n．投资者；投资机构briden.新娘bridegroomn.新郎permanentadj.永久的；永恒的；长久的permanentlyadv.永久地;长期;永远;一直memorial/məˈmɔːriəl/

n.纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品

adj.纪念的；悼念的memorialtosb./sth.某人/某物的纪念碑或纪念物amemorialstatue纪念雕像memory

n．记忆memoriz(s)e

vt.记住criticise[NAmE-ize]/ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/

vi.&vt.批评；指责；评价becriticizedforsth.因某事而受到批评becriticizedbysb.被某人批评

同义：blamen.&v.责备，scoldv.责骂criticismn.批评；指责；评论critical

adj.批判性的；关键的critic

n．批评家A__________

(memory)hasbeensetupinmemory

ofthosewhosacrificedtheirlivesinthefightagainsttheinvaders.Thethreeboyswerecriticized________theEnglishteacherfornothandingintheirhomework.Theboypaysnoattentiontohismother’s__________________(criticize)memorialbycriticismrepresentative/ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/

adj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表berepresentativeof是……的代表representsth.tosb.向某人说明某事representoneselfas/tobe...自称是……representvt.代表；描述；展示Asastudent_______________(represent)，Iamgreatlyhonoredtorepresent

myschooltodeliveraspeechhere.IhighlyrecommendJasmine

Flower，whichisrepresentative___________

Chinesefolkmusic.SherepresentsherEnglishteacher___________

themostresponsibleandconsiderateteacherinourschool.Iwouldliketorepresentmyfirstimpressionofyournewpainting___________

you._____________________________________，I’mgladtotellyousomethingaboutthecomingvolleyballgame.我非常高兴代表我们学校，告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。representativeofastoRepresentingourschooldecline/dɪˈklaɪn/n.减少；下降；衰落

vi.&vt.减少；下降；衰落；谢绝一词多义Herhealthwasdecliningrapidly.Thenumberoftouriststothetowndeclinedby10%.Iofferedtogivethemalift，buttheydeclinedwiththanks.Anincreaseincarshasresultedinthedeclineofpublictransport.同义：decrease,reduce,fall等refuse,reject,turndown等indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路declineby...下降了……declineto...减少到……declinefrom...to...

从……降到……declinetodosth.拒绝做某事Yetthelastdecadesawthetotalnumberofjobsdecline___________

1.1percent.Thenumberofpeoplewhoarefondofreadinghasbeen___________

thedeclineinthepastfewyears.Subsequently，theprofitofthecompanydeclined___________

20millionayear.Inthepastfiveyearstheoverallinvestment______________________

(decline)by5%.Inspiteofmanyinvitations，hewouldalways______________________

OxfordUniversity.尽管多次收到邀请，他总是拒绝参观牛津大学。byontohasdeclineddeclinetovisitexhibition/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/n.展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演exhibitvt.&vi.展览；显示；提出(证据等)

artistic/ɑːˈtɪstɪk/adj.艺术的；艺术家的artistn．艺术家

entry/ˈentri/n.加入；进入；参与enterv．进入entrance

n.入口处【随堂演练】Thethieves___________theroom，butnooneknewhowtheygained___________intothebuilding.(enter)enteredentryrecognition/ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/n.承认；认出；赞誉beyondrecognition认不出recognizevt.认出；辨认出；意识到recognize...as/tobe...承认……是……Itisrecognizedthat...人们承认……单句语法填空/句型转换Peoplealloverthecountryrecognizethephysicist___________

themostinfluentialoneinChina.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore，hecangoshoppingwithout______________________

(recognize)．Thereisageneral___________

(recognize)thatthestudytechniquesofmanystudentsareweak.Environmentalpollutionisrecognizedtohavebecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.→_________________________________

environmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.asbeingrecognizedrecognitionItisrecognizedthatexpansion/ɪkˈspænʃn/n.扩张；扩展；扩大expandv．扩大Theyallagreeto___________thenewcompany，butthe__________willcostthemalotofmoney.(expand)expandexpansionbring...tolife赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来lead/livea．..life过……的生活cometolife苏醒过来；变得活跃allone’slife终生；一辈子语段填空Itwasthedoctor’sskillsaswellasthemodernequipmentthat_____________________.

Whenshe____________，shemadeuphermindto______________inthecountryside____________________.是医生的医术和现代化的设备使她活了过来。当她苏醒过来的时候，她下定决心要在乡下过一辈子简单的生活。broughthertolifecametolifeleadasimplelifeallherlifeguarantee/ˌɡærənˈtiː/

vt.保证；确保；肯定…必然发生

n.保证；保修单；担保物guaranteetodosth./that...保证做某事；确保……guaranteesbsth＝guaranteesthtosb确保某人得到某物guaranteesb./sth.against/from保证……不受/免遭……beguaranteedtodosth必定会做某事underguarantee在保修期内(1)Ifthereshouldbesomethingwrongwithyourdigitalcamerawhileitisstill__________

guarantee，wewouldrepairitatourexpense.(2)Ifyousendthe