2020-2021年高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

湖南省岳阳县第一中学2020-2021年高一英语下学期期末考试试题

（含解析）

时量：120分钟总分：150分

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthewomanwanttodrink?

A.Water.B.Tea.C.Coffee.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Coffeeasalwaysorwouldyouliketotrysomeofournewtea,Mrs.William?

W:I'dloveto,Ed,butI'vebeentakingpillsrecently.Sowaterisfine.Thanks.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhereisPeternowmostprobably?

A.Inthestudy.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthe

bathroom.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Peterisnotinhisstudy.Didyouseehim,honey?

M:Oh,heaccidentallygotsomestickyfoodonhisheadandnowheistakingashower.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatistheweatherlikenowprobably?

A.Cold.B.Warm.C.Hot.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Youhavekeptthetemperaturetoolowinthisroom.Youmightgetacold.

Justmakeitalittlewarmer.

M:Inamoment,mom.1nearlymelteddownoutside.Ireallyneedsomecoolairnow.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheclass?

A.Inspiring.B.Outdated.C.Practical.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Mr.Lee,smarketingclassissoinspiring,don'tyouthink?

M:Well,alwaysthesameoldstuff.It'suselesstoapplyhistheoryintopractice

inmodernbusiness.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whathappenedtothewoman?swatch?

A.It'sstolen.B.It'sbroken.C.It'slentout.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Iwou1dstealitifyoudon'twearit.

W:Oh,thewatch.Italwaysstops.Ineedtosendittothefactorytogetitfixed

someday.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Makingacomplaint.B.Reportingonherwork.C.Admittinga

mistake.

7.WhatcanweinferaboutFrank?

AHeisthewomanscolleague.

B.Heisnoteasytogetalongwith.

C.Heneedstosleepduringlunchbreak.

【答案】6.A7.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Takeaseat,Kate.Whatisit?

W:Hey,Mr.Smith.CouldyoutalktoFranksometime?

M:Whatseemstobetheproblem?

W:Well,it'sjustthatFranklikestousethespeakertoplaymusicloudduring

ourlunchbreak.Iknowhewantstomaketheatmosphereinourofficemorecheerful,

butitkindofdisturbsmyrest.Ireallyneedtosleeptorestoremyenergybefore

Istartworkingagainintheafternoon.

M:Isee.Butwhydon,tyoutellhimthatyourself?

W:Well,Ijustfeelalittleembarrassed',,

M:Don,tbe.Frankisveryeasy-going.Justtalktohim.He,11makethechange.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.WhenwillthemanflytoHouston?

ANextMonday.B.NextTuesday.C.NextWednesday.

9.Whatticketdoesthemanchooseatlast?

A.Thefirstclass.B.Thebusinessclass.C.Theeconomy

class.

【答案】8.B9.C

【解析】

【原文】W:EasternAirlines.Howcan1helpyou?

M:Hello,I'dliketomakeareservationtoHouston.

W:Okay.Whendoyouwanttofly,sir?

M:NextMonday,January,14th.

W:Waitamoment,please.Wehaveflight401onthatday,butwe'veonlygotfirst

classseatsleft.

M:Howmuchdoesitcost?

W:1,200dollars,sir.

M:Anyalternatives?

W:Well,thenextavailableoneisflight502.Itleavesat7:30a.m.onedaylater.

Andthebusinessclassticketfortheflightis950dollars.

M:Stilltooexpensive.Whatabouttheeconomyclassseatoftheflight?

W:750dollars.

M:Thatsoundsmorereasonable.Iwantoneticket.Thankyou.

W:Okay,sir.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10.WhydoesthemanwanttobuyLilyrunningshoes?

A.Hewantshertoexercise.B.Lilylovessports.C.Theshoesareon

sale.

11.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Colleagues.

12.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?

A.Goshopping.B.Playfootball.C.WatchTV.

【答案】10.A11.B12.C

【解析】

【原文】W:WhatshouldwegetforLily'sbirthday?

M:Howaboutrunningshoes?

W:Youknowshe'sneverintosports.

M:That'sexactlywhyapairofrunningshoeswouldbeaperfectgift.Ioftensee

herclassmatesRoseandMaryruninthemorning.Sheshoulddothesame.

W:ButLilyalwaysfeelsbreathlessafterrunning.

M:Shefeelsbreathlessbecausesheisoverweight.

W:Hey,neversaythatinfrontofourgirl.You'11hurtherfeelings.Anyway,my

colleagueSuetoldmeWandaShoppingCenterhasbeenpromotingmanyproductsrecently.

Maybewecouldgotherethisafternoontoseeifwecouldfindanicepresent.

M:I'11pass.There'safootballmatchonTVthisafternoon.Iwouldn'tmissit

fortheworld.

W:AlrightDoasyoulike.I'mnotcountingonyouanyway.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13.Whattimeisitnow?

A.9:20a.m.B.10:00a.m.10:40a.m.

14.WhydidMrs.Whitecallthepolice?

A.Therewasatheft.

B.ShequarreledwithWang.

C.Shesmelledsomethingsuspicious.

15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inacompany.B.Inahospital.C.Inapolice

station.

16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodointheend?

A.Signsomepapers.B.Fetchhimsomewater.C.Gooversome

documents.

【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Wang,wherehaveyoubeen?Mr.Andersonwillarriveat10:00a.m.We've

onlygot40minutestopreparebeforehisvisit.

M:Youcan'timaginewhatIjustwentthroughthismorning!Iwasvisitedbythe

police.

W:Whathappened?Iheardtherehavebeensomebreak-insintheareayoulive.

M:It'sallbecauseofmyneighborMrs.White.

W:Why?Didyouquarrelwithher?

M:No.IwascookingChinesemedicineformymomathome,andMrs.Whitesmelled

itandthoughtsomeonewasdoingdangerouschemistryexperiment.

W:Soshecalledthepolice?

M:Yeah,andIhadtoexplaintothepolicewhatChinesemedicinewas.Geez!

W:Badluck.Anyway,you,dbettergooverthedocuments1putonyourdesk.Wemust

makesureMr.Andersonwillsignthecontractwithustoday.

M:Okay.Canyougetmeaglassofwater?I'mdyingofthirst.

W:Sure.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.WhydidthespeakercometoChina?

A.Tostudy.B.Todobusiness.C.Tovisit

friends.

18.HowlongdidthespeakerstayinChina?

A.About2weeks.B.About10weeks.C.About3months.

19.Whatdidthespeakerfailtofindonherown?

A.Salad.B.Bread.C.Tomatosauce.

20.Howdidthewomanunderstandwhatthespeakerwanted?

A.Byusinghandgestures.

Byaskingforhersonshelp.

C.Byusingatranslatordevice.

【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Lastyear,IwenttoChinaasanexchangestudent.Mrs.Zhang,oneof

myfatherJsChinesebusinesspartnersbecamemycaretaker,butshewasverybusy,

sobasicallyIhadtotakecareofmyselfwhileIwasnotatschool.Atthesecond

dayaftermyarrival,Iwenttoasupermarketsearchingforbasicfoodstuffs.Only

thendidIrealizemy12-weekstayinChinawasgoingtobetough—everythingwas

inChinese.Imanagedtofindbread,saladandham,however,Ijustcouldn,tlocate

thewhereaboutsofthethingIwasdyingof-tomatosauce.What'sworse,hardly

couldanybodyunderstandwhatIwastryingtoask.Iwasalmostontheedgeofcrying.

Then,awomanapproachedmeandaskedmeifeverythingwasokaybyusinghandgestures.

IaskedherwhereIcouldfindtomatosauce,butshedidn,tknowEnglish,either.

Then,shedialedanumberonhercellphoneandpassedittome-Itwasherson.

HetalkedtomeinEnglishandaskedmewhat1needed.Hethentranslatedthatback

tohismotherandshetookmetothesection.Inastrangeplace,ifsomeonetries

todoeventhismuchforyou,itisenoughintakingaleapoffaith.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

A

Schoolrules

Allstudentsareexpectedtoreadandlearntheschoolrules.Theserulesaim

tomakeeachstudentawareofthevalueofself-control,orderlinessandtheneed

todevelopasenseofresponsibilityfortheirownbehaviorandforthelarger

communityofwhichtheyareapart.

Dressregulations

Theschoolexpectsitsstudentstoweartheirfulluniformscorrectlyandwith

pride.Itisourexpectationthatuniformsandshoeswillbecleanandingood

repair.Boys'hairshouldbecombedandofanacceptablelength（notoverthecollar,

earsoreyes）,withnoartificialcoloring.Girls,hairshouldbeofanatural

color.Shoulder-lengthhairmustbetiedback.

Punctuality,absenceandillness

Allstudentsmustbeatschoolontime.Iflate,thestudentmustsigninthe

latebookintheGeneralOffice.Parentsareaskedtoinformtheschooliftheirchild

isabsentby8:30a.m.onthedayofabsence.Awrittennotefromaparentexplaining

theabsenceMUSTbeprovidedtotheGeneralOfficethedayafterreturn.

Shouldastudentbeillduringschoolhours,heistogostraighttotheSchool

MedicalCenter.Thesisterwillthentakeappropriateaction.

Safety

*Properbehaviorisexpectedaroundbuildingsandonthesportingfieldatall

times.

"Studentsarenottoenterlaboratories,languagerooms,theTechnicsandmusic

roomsuntilinvitedbytheteachers.

*Theridingofbicyclesorskateboardsisprohibitedalongthefront

drive.Studentsridingbicyclemustwearanapprovedbicyclehelmet.

*Noknives,explosiveordangerousmaterialsmaybebroughtintotheschoolor

boardinghouses.

"Studentsareforbiddentointerferewithfiresafetyequipment.Anautomatic

finewillbeimposedifthisoccurs.

Mobilephones

Mobilephonesarenottobeusedfrom8:30a.m.to3:30p.m.Atthesetimes,phones

shouldbeswitchedoff.Ifyouneedtomakecontactwithparentsorothersignificant

people,pleasecontactReception.

21.Whatshallastudentdoifheislate?

A.Askhisparentstocometoschool.B.Writeanoteexplaininghis

absence.

C.GostraighttotheSchoolMedicalCenter.D.Writedownhisnameinthelate

book.

22.Accordingtheschoolrules,whoismostlikelytobefined?

A.Onewhobringsaknifeintoaboardinghouse.

B.Onewhoplayswithfiresafetyequipment.

C.Onewhoridesabicyclewithoutabicyclehelmet.

D.Onewhogoesintoalanguageroomwithoutpermission.

23.Whichstatementistrue?

A.Girls'hairmustbetiedback.

B.Phonesshouldbeturnedoffallthetime.

C.Boys'hairshouldn'tcovereyes,withanaturalcolor.

D.Ifyouwanttocontactyourmotherat8:30p.m.youcanturntotheschoolfor

help.

【答案】21.D22.B23.C

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了学生在学校要遵守的规定。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据uPunctuality,absenceandillness”部分中“Iflate,thestudent

mustsigninthelatebookintheGeneralOffice.（如果迟到，学生必须在综合办

公室的迟到本上签到）可知如果学生迟到了，他应该把他的名字签在综合办公室的迟到本上。

选项D与文意一致，故选D项。

【22题详解】

推理判断题。根据"Safety”部分中“Studentsareforbiddentointerferewithfire

safetyequipment.Anautomaticfinewillbeimposedifthisoccurs.”（禁止学生干

扰消防安全设施，如发生此情况，将处以自动罚款。）可以推知，如果学生干扰消防安全设

施，将会被罚款。选项B与文意相符，故选B。

【23题详解】

细节细节题。根据"Dressregulations部分中“Boys'hairshouldbecombedandof

anacceptablelength（notoverthecollar,earsoreyes）,withnoartificial

coloring.Girls'hairshouldbeofanaturalcolor.Shoulder-lengthhairmustbetied

back."（男孩的头发应该梳理到合适的长度（不要超过领子、耳朵或眼睛），不要人工染

色。女孩的头发应该是自然的颜色。齐肩的头发必须扎起来。）可知，男孩的头发不应该遮

挡眼睛，要有自然的颜色，女生齐肩的头发必须扎起来。选项A错误，选项C与文意相符，

故选C。

B

AcityinSwedenhasusedrainbow-coloredgarbagerecently.Ithasoneofthe

mostimpressiverecyclingrecordsintheworldandmettheEU's2020targetof

recycling50%ofwastemanyyearsago.

Almostallthecitizensinthiscityfollowastrictrecyclingpolicyathome.

Peopleareexpectedtosorttheirhouseholdwasteintosevenseparatecategories,

includingfood,textiles,cartonsandmetal.Butwhatreallymakesthesystemstand

outisthebrightcolorcode.

Thesignificanceforthisbecomesclearatthecity'srecyclingfactory.The

bagsarecollectedaltogether,sowhentheyarriveatthefactory,theyaremixed

up.Butthankstothosebrightcolors,scannerscanselectthebagsandseparate

themeasily.Oneofthebenefitsofthismethodofrecyclingisthatthereisless

cross-pollution（交叉污染物），somoreoftherecycledwastecanactuallybeused

tomakenewthings.Thefoodwasteingreenbagsisprocessedonsiteintomudto

makebiogas,whichpowersthecity'sbuses.Wastethatcannotberecycledisburned

atalocalfactorytoproduceelectricity.Thiscreatesgreenhousegases,reducing

dependenceontraditionalfuels,suchascoal.

Ascountriesaroundtheworldtrytoimprovetheirrecyclingdegree,somemay

lookuptothiscityasanexampletofollow—aslongastheythinktheycanpersuade

theircitizenstogetsortingworkdoneproperlyathome.

24.Whatmakesthesystemofrainbow-coloredrecyclingsooutstanding?

A.Theimpressivecolorsoftherubbishbags.B.Theself-controlofcitizens.

C.Thestrictrecyclingpolicy.D.Theeco-friendlycode.

25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Rainbow-coloredrubbishiscommonlyseenaroundtheworld.

B.Whentherubbishbagsarriveattheplant,theyaremixedup.

C.Thefoodrubbishwillnotberecycledtomakenewthings.

D.Allrubbishisburnedtocreateelectricity.

26.IfothercountrieswanttorecyclewastelikethisSwedishcity,theyfirstshould

A.persuadecitizenstouseasmuchtraditionalfuelaspossible

B.forbidcitizenstocreategreenhousegases

C.notallowcitizenstocreateanywaste

D.talkpeopleintosortinghouseholdwasteinacorrectway

27.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Anannouncement.B.Aposter.C.Amagazine.D.A

sciencefiction.

【答案】24,A25.B26.D27.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典的一个城市利独特的垃圾分类法一一用不

同颜色的袋子区分不同种类的垃圾。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Butwhatreallymakesthesystemstandoutisthebright

colorcode.（但真正让这个系统脱颖而出的是鲜艳的颜色代码）”可知，利用不同颜色的垃

圾袋进行垃圾分类是这个系统的独到之处，垃圾袋的颜色令人印象深刻。故选A项。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thebagsarecollectedaltogether,sowhentheyarrive

atthefactory,theyaremixedup.（所有的袋子都被收集起来，所以当它们到达工厂的

时候，它们混在一起）”可知，当这些垃圾袋到了工厂里，它们就被混合了起来。故选B项。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“somemaylookuptothiscityasanexampletofollow

一aslongastheythinktheycanpersuadetheircitizenstogetsortingworkdone

properlyathome.（一些人可能会把这座城市作为榜样只要他们认为自己能够说服市

民在家里妥善完成分类工作）”可推知，假若某个国家想要学瑞典这座城市对垃圾分类，首

先应该说服人们用正确的方式对生活垃圾进行分类。故选D项。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"AcityinSwedenhasusedrainbow-coloredgarbage

recently.（瑞典的一个城市最近使用了彩虹色的垃圾）”可推知，文章介绍了瑞典的一个城

市使用不同颜色的垃圾袋回收垃圾的故事。由此推知，文章最可能来自于一本杂志。故选C

项。

C

Musicbringsoutthebestinpeople,especiallyinthemorning.Ifyouusually

wakeupfeelingsleepy,turnonyourmusicplaylistandplayyourfavoritehits.

You'llfeelinstantlyhappier,andmoreproductive.

Itlowerscortisol（皮质醇）levels.Youcanfeellessstressedbylisteningto

yourfavoritemusic,accordingtoastudy.Thestresshormone,cortisol,willlower,

anditseemsthatmusicspeedsuptherecoverytimeafterastress-causingevent.

Soit，sonlylogicalthatstartingyourdaywithagoodsongcanrelievestresscaused

byexternalfactors,anditwillserveasagoodstarttotheday.

Besides,itincreasesdopamine（多巴胺）levels.Musiccanincreasethe

productionofthedopaminehormone,whichisoneofthe“happy“hormonesdirectly

connectedtopleasure.Itwillhelptorelievecertainnegativefeelingsofanxiety

anddepression.Soifyouwakeupfeelingdown,turnonyourmusicplaylist.

Listeningtomusiccanstrengthenyourimmunesystem.Thesoundofthetunes

helpsthebodytoproducemoreantibodiesandnaturalkillercells.Thesecellscan

helpyouattackanyvirusesyoumightcontract（感染）.Basically,yourimmunesystem

willbemoreeffectiveatfightinganyillnesses.

Itstimulatesmemories.Musiccanhelpyouremembermore,nomatterifyoulike

upbeatorslowtunes.Yourcognitive（认知的）functionwillimproveonceyouput

yourjingleon,andovertime,you，11benefitfromastrongermemory,accordingto

astudy.

Italsopromotesyourcreativity.Beforeheadingtothecomputerdeskorlaptop,

putyourheadphonesonandlistentosomemusic,especiallyhappytunes.Itseems

thatthistypeofjinglewillmakeyouamorecreativeperson,soallthoseideas

youwerewaitingforwillfloodin.Andifyoustartyourworkdaybybeingmore

productiveandkickingoffallthepointsonyourto-dolist,itwilldefinitely

makeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.

28.Whatchangeswilllisteningtomusicbringtoourbody?

A.AnyviruseswillbedefeatedB.Ourstresswillbereduced

C.WewillnotsufferfromdepressionD.Thedopaminelevelswillbe

decreased

29.Whichofthefollowingsongscanmakeusmostcreative?

A.TheSoundofSilenceB.SymphonyofFate

C.MoonlightontheSecondSpringD.JingleBells

30.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?

A.BymakinganalysesB.Bygivingdefinitions

C.BygivingexamplesD.Bymakingcomparisons

31.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thewaysofstrengtheningourimmunesystem

B.Theadvantagesofimprovingourcognitivefunction

C.Thebenefitsoflisteningtomusicafterwakingup

D.Themethodsofspeedingupthestressrecoverytime

【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过理论分析论述了早晨听音乐好处多多这一观点。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcanfeellessstressedbylisteningtoyourfavorite

music,accordingtoastudy.（一项研究表明，听自己喜欢的音乐可以减轻压力）”可知，

听音乐可以缓解压力。故选B项。

29题详解】

细节理解题。根据第六段“Beforeheadingtothatcomputerdeskorlaptop,putyour

headphonesonandlistentosomemusic,especiallyhappytunes.Itseemsthatthis

typeofjinglewillmakeyouamorecreativeperson,soallthoseideasyouwere

waitingforwillfloodin.（在去电脑桌或笔记本电脑前，戴上耳机，听一些音乐，尤其

是快乐的音乐。这类简单而又引人注意的韵律似乎会让你成为一个更有创造力的人，所有你

一直在等待的想法会涌进来）”可知，快乐的，简单而又引人注意的韵律能让人更有创造力，

Jinglebells（圣诞歌）符合这一特点。故选D项。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二至六段段首句“Itlowerscortisol（皮质醇）levels.（它会降低皮质

醇水平）","Besides,itincreasesdopamine（多巴胺）levels.（此外，它还能增加多

巴胺水平）","Listeningtomusiccanstrengthenyourimmunesystem.（听音乐可以

增强你的免疫系统）"，uItstimulatesmemories.（它刺激记忆）"和"Italsopromotes

yourcreativity.（它还能提升你的创造力）”可知，作者是通过分析原因来说明为什么音乐

会使人感到快乐。故选A项。

[31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Musicbringsoutthebestinpeople,especiallyinthe

morning.Ifyouusuallywakeupfeelingsleepy,turnonyourmusicplaylistandplay

yourfavoritehits.You（11feelinstantlyhappierandmoreproductive.（音乐能激

发人们最好的一面，尤其是在早晨。如果你经常醒来后感觉昏昏欲睡，打开你的音乐播放列

表，播放你最喜欢的歌曲。你会立刻感到更快乐、更有效率。）”和第二至六自然段各段段

首主题句可知，本文主要介绍了早晨醒来后听音乐有很多好处，让人更快乐，更高效。故选

C项。

D

Followingtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（NCP）,alsonamed

COVID-19byWHO,thereisageneralfearoftheunknownvirusasitsfulleffects

remaintobeseen.Fever,coughing,sorethroat,difficultybreathing-theNCP's

symptomsaresimilartothecommoncoldortheflu,butit'spotentiallymore

dangerous.

Virusescouldbedeadly,likeHIVandEbola.Butwhatareviruses?Howcanthey

causesomuchtrouble?

Virusesarenon-livingorganisms（有机体）approximatelyone-millionthofan

inchlong.Unlikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan'treproduceontheirown.

Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spreadandtake

over.

Virusescaninfecteverylivingthing-fromplantsandanimalsdowntothe

smallestbacteria.Forthisreasontheyalwayshavethepotentialtobedangerous

tohumanlife.Sometimesaviruscancauseadiseasesoseriousthatitisfatal.

Otherviralinfectionstriggernonoticeablereaction.

Viruses1iearoundourenvironmental1ofthetime,waitingforahostcellto

comealong.Theycanenterourbodiesbythenose,mouth,eyesorbreaksintheskin.

Onceinside,theytrytofindahostcelltoinfect.Forexample,HIV,whichcauses

AIDS,attackstheT-cellsoftheimmunesystem.

Butthebasicquestionis,wheredidvirusesfirstcomefrom?Untilnow,noclear

explanationfortheiroriginexists."Tracingtheoriginsofvirusesisdifficult”,

EdRybicki,avirologist（病毒学家）attheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfrica,

toldScientificAmerican,becausevirusesdon,tleavefossilsandbecauseofthe

trickstheyusetomakecopiesofthemselveswithinthecellsthey*veinvaded”.

However,therearethreemainhypotheses（假说）toexplaintheoriginofviruses.

First,virusesstartedasindependentorganisms,thenbecameparasites（寄生者）.

Second,virusesevolvedfrompiecesofDNAorRNAthatuescapedwfromlarger

organisms.Third,virusesco-evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexisted

alongsidethesecells.

Forthetimebeing,theseareonlytheories.Thetechnologyandevidencewehave

todaycannotbeusedtotestthesetheoriesandidentifythemostplausible

explanation.Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.Orfuture

studiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier（含糊不清的）thanitnowappears.

32.Whatcanwelearnaboutvirusesfromthetext?

A.Viruseshavenothingtodowiththecommoncold.

B.Virusesarereallysmalllivingorganisms.

C.Virusescan,treproduceunlesstheyfindahostcell.

D.Virusesenterourbodiesmainlythroughthemouth,noseandhair.

33.Whichofthefollowingmightexplaintheoriginofviruses?

A.Theyevolvedfromthefossilsoflargeorganisms.

B.Theyevolvedfromparasitesintoindependentorganisms.

C.TheyevolvedfromtheT-cellsinanimals.

D.Theyevolvedalongwiththeirhostcells.

34.Theunderlinedword“plausible“inthelastparagraphprobablymeans

A.reasonableB.common

C.creativeD.unbelievable

35.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A.Viruseslivelongerinhumanhostcellsthaninanimals’.

B.Viruseswillbecomemorelikebacteriaastheyevolve.

C.Itmaytakealongtimetounderstandtheoriginofviruses.

D.Theauthorisoptimisticaboutfuturevirusresearch.

【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了关于C0VIDT9新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径、病毒起

源的研究情况。研究表明病毒自身无法传播，是通过宿主细胞来感染的；目前关于病毒起源

的解释有三种主要的假说，但都还处于理论阶段。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中"Uniikehumancellsorbacteria,theycan'treproduceon

theirown.Instead,theyinvadethecellsoflivingorganismstoreproduce,spread

andtakeover.（与人类细胞或细菌不同，它们不能自己繁殖。相反，它们侵入生物

体的细胞来繁殖、传播和接管）”可知，病毒自身不能繁殖，只有找到宿主细胞才能繁殖。

故选C项。

【33题详解】

细节理解题。第七段是关于病毒起源的三种假说。其中第三种假说是“Third,viruses

co-evolvedwiththeirhostcells,whichmeanstheyexistedalongsidethesecells.”

可知，研究认为病毒与宿主细胞共同进化，并且与这些细胞共存。故选D项。

【34题详解】

词句猜测题。第七段中提到"therearethreemainhypotheses（假说）toexplainthe

originofviruses.n,以及第八段中“theseareonlytheories"。可知，关于病毒的

起源，现在都只是处于理论阶段。现在的技术和数据对于病毒的起源还无法作出“合理的”

解释。因此可以猜测plausible意思为“合理的”。故选A项。

【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Continuingstudiesmayprovideuswithcleareranswers.

Orfuturestudiesmayrevealthattheanswerisevenmurkier（含糊不清的）thanit

nowappears.（后续的研究可能会给我们提供更清晰的答案。或者未来的研究可能表明，

答案甚至比现在看起来的还要含糊不清的。）”可以推断，要找到病毒的起源还需要很长一

段时间。故选C项。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Areyouabookworm?Isyourheadpermanentlystuckinabook?36There

aremanybenefitstoreading.Gettingintoagoodnovelimprovesourliteracy.But

whoorwhatencouragesustopickupabookandstartreading?

Ofcourse,whenweareyoung,ourparentsandteachersinspireusbyintroducing

ustocharactersthatweloveorhate.Asachild,IlovedbookswrittenbyRoald

Dahl,suchasCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryandTheTwits.37They

arepopularwithchildre