高一英语开学摸底考（天津专用）（解析版）

2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（天津专用）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：130分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．________.I’dliketotellyousomethingbeforeyougo.A．Bravetheelements. B．Holdyourhorses.C．Killtwobirdswithonestone. D．Feelathome【答案】B【详解】考查情景对话。句意：别着急。在你走之前，我想告诉你一件事。A.Bravetheelements.冒着风雨；B.Holdyourhorses.别着急；C.Killtwobirdswithonestone.一石二鸟；D.Feelathome感觉自在。根据句意，此处表示“别着急”用Holdyourhorses。故选B。2．Whenthesun’srayshitthesurfaceoftheearth,about30percentofenergy______backintospacebyclouds,snowfieldsandsoon.A．wasreflected B．reflectsC．isreflected D．willbereflected【答案】C【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当太阳光照射到地球表面时，大约30%的能量被云层、雪原等反射回太空。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，reflect与主语about30percentofenergy之间为被动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为isreflected。故选C项。3．I’llstayaround________youneedme.A．sothat B．evenif C．asif D．incase【答案】D【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我就待在这儿，万一你用得着我。A.sothat以便；B.evenif即使；C.asif好像；D.incase以防。sothat后面接的是希望得到的结果；incase后面接的是假想的情况、防止的情况，引导目的状语从句，表示“以防、万一”应用incase。故选D。4．Pleaseonlyansweronequestionatatime,________youknowmore,togiveeveryoneachance.A．asif B．incase C．sothat D．evenif【答案】D【详解】考查状语从句。句意：请一次只回答一个问题，即使你知道更多（问题的答案），也要给每个人一个机会。A.asif好像，引导方式状语从句；B.incase以防，假如，引导条件状语从句和目的状语从句；C.sothat因此，以便，引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句；D.evenif即使，引导让步状语从句。根据句中的“youknowmore”和“giveeveryoneachance”可知，这里表示即便你知道更多问题的答案，也要给所有人一个回答的机会，这里表示让步，应用evenif。故选D。5．Sinceyou’renotsatisfiedwiththecoatyouonlinethreedaysago,youcanaskforachange.A．willbuy B．buy C．bought D．hadbought.【答案】C【详解】考查时态。句意：既然你对三天前在网上买的外套不满意，你可以要求换一件。根据定语从句中时间状语threedaysago可知，用一般过去时。故选C。6．Nowadaysit’seasy______witheachotherbyusingWeChat,whichisoneofthemostconvenientwaysofcommunication.A．contact B．contacting C．contacted D．tocontact【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语。句意：现在，使用微信可以很容易地相互联系，这是最方便的沟通方式之一。分析句子可知，这里考查itisadjtodosth表“做某事怎么样”，为固定句型。所以这里应用不定式作逻辑主语。故选D项。7．BythetimeIarrivedatthecinema,Judy______fortwentyminutes.A．waited B．hasbeenwaiting C．hadbeenwaiting D．iswaiting【答案】C【详解】考查时态。句意：我到电影院的时候，朱迪已经等了二十分钟了。分析句子，句中bythetime意为“截止……；当……时候”，句中的arrived为一般过去时，故设空处的动作表示发生在过去之前故使用过去完成时；同时根据文中的fortwentyminutes，可知该动作一直持续进行，故使用过去完成进行时。故选C。8．Thelittlegirlplayingthepianoatthepartyleftusadeep________.A．tradition B．encouragement C．impression D．improvement【答案】C【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚会上弹钢琴的那个小女孩给我们留下了深刻的印象。A.traditionn.传统；B.encouragementn.鼓励；C.impressionn.印象；D.improvementn.改善。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词impression表示“印象”的意思，在句子中做动词left的宾语。故选C。9．_________morethan21,000km,theGreatWallofChinaisfamousaroundtheworld.A．Tomeasure B．Measuring C．Havingmeasured D．Measured【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的长城全长21000多公里，举世闻名。分析句子结构可知measure与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故排除A、D选项；C选项为havingdone表示动作已经完成，不符合语境。故选B。10．Differentcountrieshavedifferentcultures.Sowhenstudyingabroad,youshouldbe_____themisunderstandingtheycause.A．curiousabout B．unfamiliarwith C．awareof D．eagerfor【答案】C【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：不同的国家有不同的文化。所以当你出国留学的时候，你应该意识到它们造成的误解。A.(be)curiousabout对……感到好奇；B.(be)unfamiliarwith不熟悉；C.(be)awareof意识到；D.(be)eagerfor渴望。根据“Differentcountrieshavedifferentcultures.”可知，此处指应该意识到不同文化造成的误解。故选C。11．—Doesanyoneknow________thisfamousscientistwasborn?—Iknow!InNewYork.A．when B．why C．where D．whether【答案】C【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——有人知道这位著名的科学家出生在哪里吗？——我知道！是在纽约。分析句子结构和意思可知，________thisfamousscientistwasborn是宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故选C。12．Aftertheirstayinthehotel,thecustomerspraisedthemanager,who,________,praisedhisstaff.A．indoubt B．incharge C．inreturn D．inturn【答案】D【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这些顾客在宾馆入住之后，曾夸奖这儿的经理。经理则转而对他的员工赞赏有加。A.indoubt有疑问；存在争议；B.incharge主管；掌管；C.inreturn作为回报；D.inturn相应地；依次；转而。根据句意可知，宾馆经理先是受到顾客的肯定，转而夸奖他的员工，inturn表示同样以别人对待自己的方式对待他人，故选D。13．Richarddoesn’tlikethepensioners’daycarecenterbecauseit’sfullofoldpeople,whosenegativeattitudetowardslife_______himdeeplysometimes.A．recognizes B．affects C．contains D．impresses【答案】B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：理查德不喜欢退休老人的日托中心，因为那里到处都是老人，他们对生活的消极态度有时深深地影响了他。A.recognize辨别出；B.affect影响；C.contain包括；D.impress使留下深刻印象。根据上文“negativeattitudetowardslife”可知，消极的生活态度影响了他。故选B。14．—It’ssaidthatshoppingonlineissafe.—________.You’dbetterbecareful.A．Iagree B．ThatdependsC．Takeiteasy D．Noproblem【答案】B【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——据说网上购物是安全的。——那要看情况了。你最好小心点。A.Iagree我赞同；B.Thatdepends那要看情况了；C.Takeiteasy放轻松点；D.Noproblem没问题。根据句意以及上下文语境可知，此处为固定表达Thatdepends“那要看情况了”，满足上下文句意要求。故选B项。15．Istillremembertheday_______Ifirstcametoseniorhigh.A．where B．onwhich C．forwhich D．whose【答案】B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我还记得我第一次上高中的那一天。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为day，因空白处在定语从句中作状语指时间，使用关系副词when或者“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，根据逻辑关系，定语从句与先行词之间缺少介词on，所以使用onwhich引导定语从句，故选B项。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Inthediningroomofmygrandfather’shousestoodalargeclock.WhenIwasachild,theoldclock16meverymuch.Iwassurprisedathowtheclockwouldchime(敲)threetimes,sixtimesormore,withawonderfulclear17.IoftenpaidattentiontoitinsteadofthefoodswhenIhad18.Andalwaystheclockstoodlikeanoldfamilyfriend,19thefamily.Ifoundtheclockcomfortingandfamiliar.Yearafteryear,theclockbecameapartofmymemories.Itwasevenmore20tomewhenmygrandfathercarefullywoundup(上发条)thatclockwithaspecial21eachday.Thekeywas22tome.Itkepttheclock23.Itkepttheclockchiming.Howdiditdothat?Iwatchedasmygrandfathertookthekeyfromhispocketand24thedoorintheoldclockandusedthekeytowinditup.Heneverletthatclockwinddownand25.WhenIgotalittleolder,hetaughtmehowtoopenthedoor,26letmewinduptheclockmyself.Irememberthe27timeIdid,Ifeltsoexcited…Aftermygrandfather28,everytimeIsawtheclock,Icouldn’thelpcrying.NevercouldIseehimagain.The29ontheclockwerefrozen.Itstopped.Itookthekeywithmy30handandopenedthedoor.Allofa31,Iwasachildagain,watchingmygrandfather.Hewasthere,smilingatme.Istoodthere,32inthememories.Thenslowlyand33,Iwounduptheclock.Tick-tock,tick-tock…Thediningroomandthehouseseemedtobefilledwith34.Intheimageoftheclock,mygrandfatheralso35again.16．A．disappointed B．encouraged C．interested D．confused17．A．picture B．sound C．noise D．time18．A．meals B．homework C．dreams D．trouble19．A．beating B．testing C．heating D．watching20．A．wonderful B．strange C．different D．fearful21．A．pen B．ring C．clock D．key22．A．small B．colorful C．beautiful D．magic23．A．running B．standing C．speaking D．laughing24．A．painted B．opened C．locked D．repaired25．A．go B．play C．stop D．leave26．A．and B．but C．or D．so27．A．first B．last C．next D．second28．A．gavein B．passedaway C．turnedover D．tookoff29．A．face B．door C．hands D．eyes30．A．wet B．broken C．dirty D．shaking31．A．while B．sudden C．way D．step32．A．closed B．lost C．waited D．turned33．A．quickly B．wrongly C．carefully D．angrily34．A．joy B．excitement C．fun D．life35．A．cried B．walked C．lived D．listened【参考答案】16．C17．B18．A19．D20．A21．D22．D23．A24．B25．C26．A27．A28．B29．C30．D31．B32．B33．C34．D35．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过回忆祖父给家里的大钟上发条的事情来追忆过世的祖父，表达对他的怀念之情。【详情解析】16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，那只古老的钟使我非常感兴趣。A.disappointed使失望；B.encouraged鼓励；C.interested使感兴趣；D.confused使困惑。根据下文“IoftenpaidattentiontoitinsteadofthefoodswhenIhad18.”可知，作者看大钟连吃饭都不关心，说明钟让他非常感兴趣。故选C项。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地发现，大钟会敲三次、六次甚至更多，声音美妙而清晰。A.picture图片；B.sound声音；C.noise噪音；D.time时间。根据句中“theclockwouldchime(敲)threetimes,sixtimesormore”和“wonderfulclear”可推知，这里说的是大钟美妙而清晰的声音。故选B项。18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我吃饭的时候，我经常把注意力放在它而不是食物上。A.meals饭，餐；B.homework作业；C.dreams梦；D.trouble麻烦。根据句中“insteadofthefoods”可知，在用餐时，作者把注意力放到了大钟上。故选A项。19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：时钟总是像一个老朋友一样站着，看着一家人。A.beating敲击；B.testing测试；C.heating加热；D.watching观看。根据句中“stoodlikeanoldfamilyfriend”可知，作者把大钟拟人化了，所这个“老朋友”站在那里看着一家人。故选D项。20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的祖父每天用一把特殊的钥匙小心地给那只钟上发条时，对我来说就更奇妙了。A.wonderful奇妙的；B.strange奇怪的；C.different不同的；D.fearful可怕的。上文描述大钟的奇妙，让作者非常感兴趣，结合句中“more19tome”可知，作者接下来要讲更奇妙的事情。故选A项。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的祖父每天用一把特殊的钥匙小心地给那只钟上发条时，对我来说就更奇妙了。A.pen钢笔；B.ring戒指；C.clock钟；D.key钥匙。根据下文“Thekey”可知，祖父用的是一把特殊的钥匙。故选D项。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这把钥匙对我来说很神奇。A.small小的；B.colorful色彩缤纷的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.magic神奇的。根据下文“Itkepttheclockchiming.Howdiditdothat?”可知，作者觉得这很奇妙，觉得钥匙很神奇。故选D项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使时钟保持运转。A.running运转；B.standing站立；C.speaking说话；D.laughing笑。根据下文“Itkepttheclockchiming.”可知，钥匙让钟继续报时，即让它保持运转。故选A项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着祖父从口袋里掏出钥匙，打开旧钟的门，用钥匙把钟上了发条。A.painted画；B.opened开；C.locked锁；D.repaired修理。根据句中“thekey”和“thedoorintheoldclock”可知，是用钥匙找开门。故选B项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从不让时钟慢下来和停止运转。A.go去；B.play玩；C.stop停；D.leave离开。根据上文可知，祖父用钥匙使大钟保持运转，所以他不会让大钟停下来。故选C项。26．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我长大一点的时候，他教我怎么开门，而且让我自己给钟上发条。A.and而且；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.so因此。上下文是并列关系，用连词and连接。故选A项。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得我第一次这么做的时候，我感到很兴奋……。A.first第一的；B.last最后的；C.next下一个的；D.second第二的。根据句中“Ifeltsoexcited”可推知，作者第一次给钟上发条，感到很兴奋。故选A项。28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：祖父去世后，每次看到钟，我都忍不住哭。A.gavein屈服；B.passedaway去世；C.turnedover翻转；D.tookoff脱下。根据下文“NevercouldIseehimagain.”可知，祖父去世了。故选B项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：钟上的指针不动了。A.face脸；B.door门；C.hands指针；D.eyes眼睛。根据解句中“ontheclock”下文“Itstopped.”可知，祖父去世后，没人给大钟上发条，所以钟上的指针不动。故选C项。30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用颤抖的手拿起钥匙，打开了门。A.wet湿的；B.broken破碎的；C.dirty脏的；D.shaking颤抖的。结合上文和选项可知，祖父去世后，作者很难过，现在他要用祖父给他的钥匙去给大钟上发条，所以情绪波动，双手颤抖合情合理。故选D项。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我又变回了一个孩子，看着我的祖父。A.while一段时间；B.sudden突然发生的事；C.way路；D.step步骤。allofasudden是固定短语，意为“突然地，出乎意料地”。故选B项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，沉浸在回忆中。A.closed关闭；B.lost迷失；C.waited等待；D.turned转向。根据上文“Iwasachildagain,watchingmygrandfather.Hewasthere,smilingatme.”可知，作者陷入了回忆中；belostin“沉浸在……中；迷失在……中”。故选B项。33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，我慢慢地、小心地给钟上了发条。A.quickly迅速地；B.wrongly错误地；C.carefully仔细地；D.angrily愤怒地。根据句中“slowly”可推知，作者是慢慢地、小心地给钟上了发条。故选C项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：餐厅和房子似乎充满了生气。A.joy喜悦；B.excitement兴奋；C.fun乐趣；D.life生气，生机。结合句中“Tick-tock,tick-tock…”和下文“mygrandfatheralso20again.”可知，消失的钟声又回到了屋子，祖父似乎又回来了，房子似乎又恢复了生气。故选D项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在钟的影像里，我的祖父也活了过来。A.cried哭；B.walked走；C.lived生存，活着；D.listened听。根据上文“Iwasachildagain,watchingmygrandfather.Hewasthere,smilingatme.”可知，之前作者觉得祖父回来了，结合句中“again”可知，钟声回到了屋子后，他觉得祖父再次活过来了。故选C项。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUniversityRoomRegulationsApprovedandForbiddenItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:electricblankets,hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.PleasenotethatanyforbiddenitemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(组合密码)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingPolicyStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoven(微波炉)toheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.QuietHoursResidentialbuildingsmustmaintainanatmospherethatsupportstheacademicmissionoftheUniversity.Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.Studentswhoviolatequiethoursaresubjecttoafineof$25.36．Whichofthefollowingitemsareallowedinstudentrooms?A．Ceilingfansandwaterbeds. B．Wirelessroutersandradios.C．Hairdryersandcandles. D．TVsandelectricblankets.37．Whatifastudentisfoundtohavetoldhiscombinationtoothers?A．Thecombinationshouldbechanged. B．TheOfficeshouldbecharged.C．Heshouldreplacethedoorlock. D．Heshouldcheckoutoftheroom.38．Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingpolicy?A．Amicrowaveovencanbeused.B．Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C．Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen.D．Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking.39．Whencanstudentsenjoyapartyinresidences?A．7:00am,Sunday. B．7:30am,Thursday.C．11:30pm,Monday. D．00:30am,Saturday.40．Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Ahighschoolnewspaper. B．Auniversityguidebook.C．Awebsite. D．Ateensmagazine.【参考答案】36．D37．A38．A39．D40．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在大学宿舍里学生应该遵守的规章制度。【详情解析】36．细节理解题。根据ApprovedandForbiddenItems中“Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:electricblankets,hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.(下列物品获准在宿舍房间使用：电热毯、吹风机、个人电脑、收音机、电视机和DVD播放机)”可知，电视机和电热毯属于宿舍房间内可以使用的物品。故选D项。37．细节理解题。根据AccesstoResidentialRooms中“TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.(住宿生活处如发现学生与他人共享门锁密码，可随时更换密码，费用由住客承担)”可知，如果学生被发现与他人共享门锁密码，那么该密码将会被更换。故选A项。38．细节理解题。根据CookingPolicy中“Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoven(微波炉)toheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.(除了使用小型微波炉加热食物外，学生不允许在自己的房间里做饭)”可知，学生可使用微波炉加热食物。故选A项。39．细节理解题。根据QuietHours中“QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.(星期五和星期六晚上的安静时间是上午1点至8点)”可知，星期六0点到1点之间学生不用遵守晚间安静时间的规定，因此凌晨0:30可以在宿舍享受聚会。故选D项。40．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章标题“UniversityRoomRegulations(大学宿舍规则)”可知，文章从批准及禁止物品、进入住宿房间的权限、烹饪规则以及安静时间四个方面，介绍了在大学宿舍里学生应该遵守的规章制度。由此推知，文章应该是出自大学手册，告知学生宿舍生活的管理规则。故选B项。BWithathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.Sincestartingtolearn,Ihavemadegoodprogress.TheHanyuShuipingKaoshi(HSK)isatestofChineselanguagefornon-nativespeakers.InJuly2020,IpassedmyHSK3examwithascoreof100percent.IamnowalmostreadytostartHSK5.LearningtospeakChineseisn’tasinsurmountableasIoncethought.WhenIspeaktonativespeakersinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme.IalsofinditnottoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.Ifindstudyingthelanguagerelaxingandworthwhile,particularlywritingthecharacters.ThethingIfindmostchallengingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed.Ican’talwaysunderstandwhat’sbeensaid,butmyweeklyonlinelanguageexchangeshelpwiththisgreatly.Despitemyprogress,ithasstillbeenthechallengeIdesireandhastakenalotofhardwork.Furthermore,thereisalongwaytogobeforeIreachmygoaloffluency.Thekeytoprogressistobepatientandpersistent(坚持不懈的).ThesatisfactionthatcomesfromsimplethingslikeorderingfoodinChinese,buyingthingsontheInternetorcommunicatingwithataxidrivermakesallthehardworkworthit.MybiggesttakeawayfromlearningChineseisthatit’snotonlydoablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeinday-to-daylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchacolorfulandbeautifulcountry.ConsideringwhereIamnow,comparedtotwoyearsago,aslongasIkeepstudyinghard,IcanimageatimewhenI’llbeabletoreadfamousChinesenovelsnotinEnglishbutintheoriginaltext.So,toallmynon-Chinesefriends,Ialwayssay“Don’tgiveup.Embrace(拥抱)thechallenge.”41．Whatistheauthor’sregret?A．Hehadanewchallenge. B．Hedecidedtobeginhislanguagejourney.C．Hedidn’tstartlearningChineseearlier D．HepassedhisHSK3exam.42．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insurmountable”meaninparagraph2?A．Easytoupset. B．Possibletochange.C．Comfortabletostudy. D．Hardtoovercome.43．Whichoneisthemostdifficultfortheauthor?A．Writingcharacters. B．TakingpartinHSKexams.C．Listeningtothenativespeaking. D．Speakingtoataxidriver.44．WhydoestheauthorthinklearningChineseissatisfying?A．Itcanmaketheauthorproud. B．ItmakestheauthorknowmoreChinese.C．Itcanbeusefulindailylife. D．Itmakestheauthormorecompetitive.45．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Passingexamsisn’tapieceofcake B．LearningChineseisn’tunbeatableC．Explorethehistoricalandculturalcountry D．DeepenunderstandingofChineseculture【参考答案】41．C42．D43．C44．C45．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者自己学习汉语的经历和感受。【详情解析】41．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Withathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.(怀着对新挑战的渴望，我决定开始我的语言之旅，我唯一的遗憾是没有早点开始。)”可知，作者渴望新的挑战，决定开始语言之旅，唯一的遗憾是没有早点开始，所以，作者后悔的是没有早点开始学习汉语。故选C项42．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的“WhenIspeaktonativespeakersinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme.IalsofinditnottoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.(当我和母语者用汉语交谈时，他们几乎都能理解我。我还发现记忆汉字没那么难，现在我甚至能写超过400个汉字了)。”可知，作者现在发现学习说汉语并不是很难，结合划线单词所在的句子“LearningtospeakChineseisn’tas…asIoncethought.(学习说汉语并不像我曾经想的一样……。)”可知，作者之前应对学习说汉语有自己的想法，结合下文中介绍的作者学习说汉语的感受可知，此处指的是作者认为学习汉语并不像以前所想的那么的困难，所以划线单词的意思应与“困难的”意义相近。故选D项。43．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThethingIfindmostchallengingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed.(我发现最具挑战的事是听力，因为母语者们语速如此之快。)”可知，因为母语者说的语速很快，所以，作者认为学习汉语时最困难的部分是听母语者讲话。故选C项。44．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ThesatisfactionthatcomesfromsimplethingslikeorderingfoodinChinese,buyingthingsontheInternetorcommunicatingwithataxidrivermakesallthehardworkworthit.(一些小事带来的满足感，比如用中文点餐，在网上购物或是和出租车司机交流，让我感到所有的辛苦都是值得的。)”可知，作者认为用中文点餐，在网上购物或者与出租车司机交流这些小事带来很多的满足感，由此可知，因为日常生活中能使用汉语，所以作者认为学习中文令他感到满足。故选C项。45．主旨大意题。根据尾段中的“MybiggesttakeawayfromlearningChineseisthatit'snotonlydoablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.(我学习中文最大的收获就是，学习中文不仅是可行的，而且是充满乐趣的。)”以及上文中的对作者学习汉语的经历和感受的介绍可知，本文主要讲述的是作者作为外国人分享了自己学习中文的经历和感受，所以标题“学中文没那么难”与文章内容吻合，且能概括本文的主题，适合作为标题。故选B项。CAssomeonewho’sbeenstudyingEnglishformanyyearsnow,youmightthinkyouknowtheEnglishlanguageprettywell.ButifyouoverheardaBritishpersonsay,“ABillyleftsomebeesandhoneyinmysherbet(冰冻果露)lastnight,”wouldyouunderstandwhattheymeant?Probablynot,butmanynativespeakersmaynotknowwhatthispersonwassayingeither.TheexampleabovewasasentencethataLondontaxidrivermightsaytoanothermemberofhisorhertribe.InplainEnglish,thesentencewouldbe,“Acustomerleftsomemoneyinmycablastnight.”

So,whatexactlyismeantby“tribe”?ArecentarticleontheBBCCulturewebsitepointedoutthatnearlyallofusareapartofatribe.Thisisagroupthatdefines(定义)whoweareandevenhowwespeak.Andwitheachtribecomesitsown“secretlanguage”,astheBBCcalledit.Ifyouworkinacertainindustry—education,forexample—youmayuseslangwords(俚语)andacronyms(首字母缩略词)thatonlyotherpeoplewhoworkinthatindustrywouldunderstand.Orifyouliveinacertaincity,youmightuseaslangwordtodescribealandmarkinthecitythatonlylocalswouldunderstand.Theseso-calledsecretlanguageseachhavetheirownfascinatinghistory.IntheUS,forexample,theunderground“ballroom”(舞厅)tribeof1970sand80sNewYorkCityanditslanguagewereshowcasedinthe2018FXshowPose.Thesesecretwordsdon’talwaysstaywithintheirtribes,however.Wordsfrommanytribes,especiallymusicalculturessuchasrapandhip-hop,oftenenterpeople’severydayvocabulary.Forexample,thephrase“tohavebeef”—meaning“tobeinaconflict”—wasmadepopularbyUSrappers.Today,it’swidelyusedbynativeEnglishspeakersallovertheworld.AsBBCreporterSusieDentwrote,“Weareallsurroundedbyamazingsecretlanguages,fullofhistoryandstoriesandin-jokes(内部笑话).Andonethingiscertain:ourtribalconversationswillneverrunout.”46．Theexampleatthebeginningofthetextismainlyusedto_________.A．explainthemeaningoftribesB．provethatEnglishishardtolearnC．teachreadershowtocommunicatewithLondoncabdriversD．showhowthelanguagesoftribesareoftendifficultforoutsiderstounderstand47．Whatcanweknowaboutsecretlanguages?A．Theymostlycamefrommusicalcultures.B．TheyfirststartedinNewYorkCityinthe1980s.C．Theyhavefailedtobecomepopularamongyoungpeople.D．Somewordsfromthemarepopularineverydayconversation.48．Howdidthephrase“tohavebeef”becomepopularineverydayvocabulary?A．Itwasshowcasedinthe2018FXshowPose.B．ItwasemployedbyUSrappersintheirworks.C．Itwascreatedbyaspecificmusicalculture.D．ItwasfeaturedinarecentarticleontheBBCCulturewebsite.49．Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A．Thehistoryandinfluenceofsecretlanguagesindifferenttribes.B．Howslangandacronymsareusedindifferentindustriesandcities.C．ThepopularityofUSrappersandtheircontributiontoeverydayvocabulary.D．Ashowcaseoftheundergroundballroomtribe’slanguagein2018FXshowPose.50．WhatisDent’sattitudetowardthefutureofsecretlanguages?A．Uninterested. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Objective.【参考答案】46．D47．D48．B49．A50．C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是各地的不同群体都有自己“秘密”语言。【详情解析】46．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Probablynot,butmanynativespeakersmaynotknowwhatthispersonwassayingeither.(可能不会，但许多母语人士可能也不知道这个人在说什么。)”可知，许多以英语为母语的人可能也不知道这个人在说什么，从而可以推断出，作者开始举例是为了说明不同群体的语言常常外人难以理解。故选D项。47．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wordsfrommanytribes,especiallymusicalculturessuchasrapandhip-hop,oftenenterpeople’severydayvocabulary.Forexample,thephrase“tohavebeef”——meaning“tobeinaconflict”—wasmadepopularbyUSrappers.Today,it’swidelyusedbynativeEnglishspeakersallovertheworld.(来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。例如，短语“tohavebeef”——意思是“陷入冲突”——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。今天，它被世界各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用。)”可知，一些部落的词汇经常进入人们的日常词汇，而且这些词汇被各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用，由此可知，一些来自群体的秘密语言在日常生活中很流行。故选D项。48．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Forexample,thephrase“tohavebeef”—meaning“tobeinaconflict”—wasmadepopularbyUSrappers.(例如，短语“tohavebeef”——意思是“陷入冲突”——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。)”可知，短语“tohavebeef”由美国说唱歌手而流行起来，由此可知，该短语之所以在日常生活中流行起来是因为被说唱歌手引用。故选B项。49．主旨大意题。根据首段作者列举了一个说英语的人多不能理解的句子引出本文讲述的话题，根据第四段中的“ArecentarticleontheBBCCulturewebsitepointedoutthatnearlyallofusareapartofatribe.Thisisagroupthatdefines(定义)whoweareandevenhowwespeak.Andwitheachtribecomesitsown“secretlanguage”,astheBBCcalledit.(BBC文化网站最近的一篇文章指出，几乎我们所有人都是一个部落的一部分。这是一个定义我们是谁，甚至我们如何说话的群体。正如BBC所说，每个部落都有自己的“秘密语言”。)”可知，几乎每个人都是一个部落的一部分，而且每个部落都有自己“秘密语言”，结合倒数第三段中的“Theseso-calledsecretlanguageseachhavetheirownfascinatinghistory.(这些所谓的秘密语言都有各自迷人的历史。)”以及倒数第二段中的“Thesesecretwordsdon’talwaysstaywithintheirtribes,however.Wordsfrommanytribes,especiallymusicalculturessuchasrapandhip-hop,oftenenterpeople’severydayvocabulary.(然而，这些暗语并不总是只存在于他们的部落中。来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。)”可知，这些来自于不同部落的秘密语言都有自己的历史，而且会进入日常生活而流行起来，综合以上信息可知，本文主要介绍的是不同部落秘密语言的历史及其影响。故选A项。50．推理判断题。根据尾段“AsBBCreporterSusieDentwrote,“Weareallsurroundedbyamazingsecretlanguages,fullofhistoryandstoriesandin-jokes(内部笑话).Andonethingiscertain:ourtribalconversationswillneverrunout.”(正如BBC记者SusieDent所写,“我们都被神奇的秘密语言包围着，这些语言充满了历史、故事和笑话。有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束。”)”可知，SusieDent认为有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束，由此可以推断，Dent对秘密语言未来的态度是很自信的。故选C项。DMosttimes,whatpeopleacceptashopeisafeelingorthoughtthatsomethingdesiredmayhappen.Thewordhopeisaguaranteeofhappinesswithoutdoubt.HopeistheGreekword“elpis”meaning“toexpectorlookforwardwithpleasure”.SamJonahsays“Thereisnomedicineasgreatandpowerfulasexpectationofsomethingbettertomorrow.”SamJonahisoneoftheworld’smostinfluentialthinkersofthiscentury.Atatime,mining(采矿)forAfricanswashell(地狱)onearth,becausetheyweretreatedverybadlyandtherewerenocertainkeypositionsintheindustryforthembecausetherewasthisbeliefthenthat“theblackscannotmanagetheiraffairssuccessfully”.Eveninthefaceofallthesechallengesanddiscriminations(歧视),SamJonahhopedtoheadtheindustrysomeday.Whenhetoldhisfriendsandparentsabouthishope,hebecamealaughingstock.Notgivinguphishope,heworkedhardtowarditandatlasthebecameCEOofAngloGoldAshanti.Hopewithoutdoubthelpsyoutostruggleharduntilyoufinallyachieveyouraims.Hopekeepsonealiveandalsohelpsuspersevere(坚持)tosucceed.Someonemaysay“Ihavetriedandfailedseveraltimes”.Asamatteroffact,failureisunavoidablesometimesbutthatdoesn’taffectyourabilitytosucceed.Thekeyisthatyoucan’tgiveupyourhope.Ourhistoryhasseenmanygreatachievers.Thoughtheyhopedtheycouldmakeit,theyalsofailed;however,theydidn’tgiveuptheirhope.Theyworkedevenharderandeventuallysucceeded.Todaywhenwecancelebratesomanyofthemfortheircourage,remember“faithwithoutworkisdead”,soisyourdreamorhope.SamJonahsays“Hopeisthecompanionofpower,themotherofsuccess;wecouldsucceedwithhopeinourheartsoneday.”Sodon’tletyournopedown.51．ItcanbeinferredfromSamJonah’swordsinPara.1that________.A．hopehasgreatinfluenceonourlives B．expectationalwaysleadstohappinessC．hopecouldcuremostillnesses D．expectationexistsontomorrow52．WhydidSamJonahbecomealaughingstock?A．Becausehedidmanyridiculousthings.B．Becauseotherscouldfinishthetasksbetter.C．Becausehefacedtoomanychallenges.D．Becauseothersthoughthishopeisbeyondreach.53．TheauthormentionedthestoryofSamJonahto________.A．showSamJonah’sridiculoushope B．introducetheconditionofminingC．provethathopemayleadtosuccess D．reviewthehistoryofAngloGoldAshanti54．Accordingtoparagraph3,tosucceedoneshould________.A．owninggreatability B．havingperfectfaithC．holdingbigcourage D．avoidingquittingeasily55．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Hopeisjustachoice B．KeepyourhopealiveC．Failurehelpssuccess D．Howtoachievesuccess【参考答案】51．A52．D53．C54．D55．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章以SamJonah的成功为例告诉我们希望的重要性和力量，以及如何通过坚持希望来实现成功。【详情解析】51．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Mosttimes,whatpeopleacceptashopeisafeelingorthoughtthatsomethingd