高考短文改错2017

Proofreading——短文改错解题方略河北唐山一中安丽梅2

高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题,

词数110字左右，多为记叙文，偶尔有应用文和说明文。短文改错考查语言知识的多个方面,主要为词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，共设10处错误，分值10分。三种改错形式，

所占比例为：Task1:BriefIntroduction1:1:8一删一加八处改Task2:AnalysisofNMET考点年份2016201520142013小结高考新课标I四年短文改错考点分布统计表11120111111221112120211175745444动词(v.)名词(n)连词(conj.)形容词(adj.)副词(adv.)代词(pron.)冠词(art.)介词(prep.)2301111特点：考点分布全面,

代词冠词介词一般不重复考察Task3:How?(DiscoveryofMethods)谓语动词考点：______________________________________________________1)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.2)Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriousproblem.3)Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.4)Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.时态语态〔主被动〕主谓一致情态动词助动词人称和数的变化等1.动词1)谓语动词考点1.1:thoughtshouldlooks

1.动词

2)非谓语动词非谓语三种形式_______________考虑它在句中所作成分与______主语之间的_______关系.注意:1)and前后一致2)

介词后接_______

3)动词宾语ving或者todo要牢记todoving.ved.逻辑主被动考点1.2:ving

1.动词

2)非谓语动词1)Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.2)IalsosharedwithmyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing.3)Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.4)WiththehelpofKitty,aroommateofmine,I’vesoongotusedtolivewithoutmyparentsaround.takingtaken∧toliving2.冠词1)Theblogservesasopenplatformwhereyoucandolotsofthings.2)Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.3)Youcannevergetthesecondchancetomakeafirstimpression.4)Atlast,hewasadmittedtoanuniversity.冠词包括_________注意：单数可数名词不特指用____,不可数名词不特指用______特指都用____.元音因素前不定冠词是____,固定短语搭配牢记。a/an/the/Xa/anthean考点2:∧anaaX3.名词名词分为______名词和________名词。可数名词有_____和_____。注意：单复数判断依据：_______________________等关注常见不可数名词，单复数同形的词，固定短语可数不可数单数复数考点3:谓语动词名词前限定词1)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.2)Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultieswehaverememberingthenewwords.3)Agroupofsheepsareeatinggrassandleavesatthefootofthehill.4)Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.yearssheepdifficultyhonesty4.形和副形容词常做___语，____语，_____语等副词常修饰_______________________注意：形容词变副词规那么，形容词副词的比较级最高级。考点4:定表补动词，副词，形容词及句子。1)Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.2)Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.3)Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.4)Heworkshardlytoachievehisgoal.steadilyworstManyhard5.代词代词包含____________________________考点5:人称,物主,反身,指示,不定代词1)Atfirst,IthoughtIcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.2)HeborrowedthebookIboughtityesterday.3)Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.4)Theyarethreelessonsinthemorning.myself∧hisThere注意：1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误.2)

不定代词或反身代词的误用.3)it

特殊句式和形式主语宾语6.介词介词：关注介词短语以及与其他词的搭配。考点6:1)Heneverdreamsbecomingrich.2)Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofsociety,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.3)Icarefullytookdownheraddress,phonenumberandthesettimeincaseofIforget.∧of/aboutwith7、连词连词包括_____连词和____连词。并列连词主要有____________,附属连词引导各类从句如________________________.运用从句语法知识修改添加删除。考点7:并列附属and,but,or,so定语从句名词性从句状语从句1)WhileIarrivedatthepark,whatcameintosightwerethethickgreengrass.2)Randywasonthelistofthe100peoplehadinfluencedtheworldinTimesMagazinein2007.3)ThetriptoLushannotonlybroadenedmyviews,andalsohelptorelaxafterabusyterm.

When∧whobut8、语篇1))I’vemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudy,sohardworkisthekeytosuccess.2)Tonysawatoyinashopwindow…Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.3)Probablymostpeopleenjoygettinggiftsfromfriends.Therefore,Ifeelmuchbetteraboutgivinggifts.考点8:关注上下文，行文逻辑错误because/astheHowevertoldTask4Summary词类考点可否删除或添加（Y/N）art.(冠词)prep.(介词)pron.(代词)conj.(连词)v.predicate(谓语动词)v.non-predicate(非谓语动词)adv.,adj.(副词/形容词)n.(名词)an/an/the/XY介词短语，固定搭配Y各种代词误用/itY并列连词附属连词(从句)Y时态语态情态主谓一致N/be可添加、删除todo/ving./ved.N/todo的to

可添加、删除转化规那么比较级最高级N可数不可数单复数词性变化N1.标准性原那么2.四不改原那么3.四改动原那么

Principles:1)单词拼写不改2)大小写不改3)语序不改4)标点符号不改遵循原义同一词性同一考点不重复考察以改动最少为原那么一对一原那么步骤1浏览短文，弄清大意

改明显错误，标记语意不通之处步骤2逐句研读，逐行改错步骤3对照考点，逐词排除步骤4最后复查，有删有加18FourStepstoFollow:19Task5:PracticeMakesPerfectPassage1(2015-2016唐山三模average：8.43points)以下是2016年唐山市三模考试中某学生的改错试卷，只改出7处错误，得分仅为7分，请运用改错出题原那么及做题技巧帮她得到总分值。DearTom,I’mgladtohearthatyouarecomingforaholidayinourcitythenextmonth.I’msuchhappythatyouwillstayinmyhouse.Therehavebeengreatlychangesinthelastthreeyearinmyhome.First,wehaverebuiltyourhouse,whichnowhasfourprivaterooms.Youcanchooseanyofthemtolivewhenyoucome.Second,myparentshavesetupasmallrestaurantinourvillage,thatyoucaneathealthily.I’mreallywillingtobeyourguidetomakeyourjourneyinterestedandmeaningful.Ifyouhadanyrequests,don’thesitatetoletmeknow.Lookingforwardtohearfromyou.sogreatlyyearswhereinterestinghavehearingour∧inPassage2〔2015-2016石家庄一模average6.5points〕以下是2016年石家庄一模考试中某学生的改错试卷，改出9处错误，得分仅为6分，请运用改错出题原那么及做题技巧帮他进行二次修改。Asisshowninthepicture,besidesabikestandsMr.Liwithapieceofpaperinhishand.Hewanttoleaveanotetoanownerofthecartoapologizeforhisscratchingthecar.Oursocietyisinbadneedofhonest,whichthispicturevividlyshowsit.Nowadays,peopletroublingwithmassesofdishonestbehaviours,areunwillingtotrustothers,whatoftendisagreementsandconflicts.Luckily,ithasraisedwidepublicconcernbutfirmstepshavetakentoendthisunhealthytrend.Inmyopinion,Mr.Lihassetagoodexampletothepublic,forwhichheshouldbehighpraised.∧itwantedthebadlyhonestywhichandhighlywantstroubled∧beenbesidePassage3(2016河北石家庄质检average7.3points)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号〔∧〕,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线〔＼