2023-2024学年译林版七年级英语上册Unit 6知识清单教案

2023-2024学年七年级英语上册单元知识清单Unit6Foodandlifestyle一、ComicstripandWelcometotheunit1．atnoon=inthemiddleoftheday在中午2．halfpastten=tenthirty十点半2．Hamburgersarenotgoodforus．【begood/badfor．．．对．．．．．．有好处/坏处】Fishisgoodforourhealth．【health---健康(名词)healthy---健康的(形容词)healthily---健康的(副词)】【拓展】begoodat擅长．．．．．．,在．．．．．．方面成绩好begood/nice/kindto对．．．．．．友好begoodwith与．．．．．．相处得好Eg:Ithinkdrinkingmilkisgood_____ourhealth．Lilyisgoodat__________(dance)．【拓展】在名词后面加-y,可以构成同根形容词rain-rainy-________sun-sunny_______-________3．Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway．【英语谚语】直译：每天一个苹果，让医生走开。意译：每天吃（一个）苹果，有个好身体！♥【重点用法】keep用法：（1）keep+adj．系表结构eg:keepslim,keepbusy等。（2）keep+宾语+形容词（作宾补）eg:keeptheclassroomcleankeepthewindowopen/closed(3)keep(on)doingsth．保持/坚持一直做某事(4)keepsb．doingsth．保持某人一直做某事(5)keepsb．fromdoingsth．阻止某人做某事(6)keepsb．awayfromsth．保持某人远离某物【keepthechildrenawayfromfire】4．givemetenapples=givetenapplestome【givesb．sth．=givesth．tosb．】二、Reading1．danceforhalfanhour跳舞跳半小时2．Healthyfoodisimportantforus．【beimportantfor/tosb．对某人来说很重要】3．Ineedtokeepfit．【needtodosth．需要做某事】【keepfit=keephealthy保持健康】4．Ialwayshavemilkandbreadforbreakfast．【have/eat．．．．forbreakfast早饭餐吃……】5．feelhungrybetweenmeals在两餐之间感觉饿【feel+形容词构成系表结构】 6．Iseldomeatcakesorsweets．【seldom是否定词构成否定句，故and改为or】7．havetoomuchsugar有太多的糖分【toomuch+不可数名词】8．Iseldomexercise．【这里的exercise是动词：锻炼】=dosports=doexercise9．Ineedtochangemylifestyle．需要改变我的生活方式10．Iplantoeatmorefruitandvegetableseveryday．【plantodosth．计划做某事】11．Iplantogoswimmingeveryweek．12．WhyishealthyfoodsoimportantforKitty?为什么健康的食品对Kitty如此重要？13．【拓展】Itis+形容词或名词+forsb．todosth．对（某人）而言做某事是（怎样）的?ItisimportantformetolearnEnglishwell．Itisgreatfunforustoplaycomputergamestogether．三、Grammar可数名词与不可数名词:1、可数名词单数前可加a或an：Eg:acake;anegg;anhour;ausefulbook2、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-cars以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加-es读/iz/bus-buses/watch-watcheswish-wishes/box-boxes以ce,se,ze,等结尾加-s读/iz/horse-horses以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加es读/z/baby---babies以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es读/vz/shelf→shelves,wolf→wolves,life→lives,knife→knives．wife→wives,half→halves(但例外：giraffe→giraffes)3、以o结尾的词,变复数时有两种情况：①加“es”:hero→heroes,mango→mangoespotato→potatoestomato→tomatoesmosquito→mosquitoes(蚊子)②只加s。如：photo→photos,piano→pianos,kilo→kilosradio→radios,zoo→zoos,bamboo→bamboos4、不规则变化：①单复数同形：Chinese–Chinesefish–fishdeer—deer鹿Japanese–Japanesesheep–sheepspacecraft→spacecraft②变元音字母oo为ee：tooth–teethfoot–feetgoose→geese鹅(但：boot—boots）③变man为men：man–menwoman–womenEnglishman–Englishmenpoliceman–policemenFrenchman–Frenchmen请区别：German(德国人)–GermansWalkman—Walkmans（随身听）④其它形式:child–childrenmouse–mice5．一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况(1)将中心词变为复数：girlfriend→girlfriendsappletree→appletrees(2)man,woman构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数amandoctor→mendoctorsawomanteacher→womenteachers6．常以复数形式出现的名词:peopleclothes(the)policetrousersglasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数:*Myclothesarenewerthanyours．*Thepoliceoftencomehere．7、不可数名词一般没有复数形式,不能直接加a或an,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：abagofrice→twobagsofrice,apieceofpaper→threepiecesofpaper,abottleofmilk→fivebottlesofmilk．8．有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同(1)glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)paper(纸)–apaper(报纸)work(工作)–awork(著作)room(空间)–aroom(房间)(2)fruit(水果)–fruits(各种水果)fish(鱼肉)–fishes(各种鱼)hair(所有头发)–hairs(几根头发)time(时间)–times(时代)9．名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Childern’sDay(儿童节),Mother’sDay（母亲节）,mysister’sbook(我姐姐的书)men'sroom（男厕所）(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如：Teachers’Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s．如：today’snewspaper(今天的报纸),tenminutes’walk(十分钟的步行路程),China’spopulation(中国的人口)．(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。of译为“……的”。如：afinedaughteroftheParty(党的好女儿)．amapofChina（一张中国地图）thenameofthecat（那只猫的名字）10、[注解]：①’s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：myaunt’s(我阿姨家),thedoctor’s(诊所)②如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"两者分别有"（共有两个）；只有一个's，则表示“两者共有”（只有一个）。如：John'sandMary'srooms（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（两人合用一间）③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：afriendofmyfather’s(我父亲的一位朋友),afriendofmine(我的一位朋友)11．【拓展】Howmanycupsofteaarethereonthedesk?Howmuchteaisthereonthedesk?12．【拓展】Thereisabasketofapplesontheground．Thispairofshoesischeap．【应用】用所给名词的适当形式填空：

1．Howmany__________(sheep)

are

there

on

the

hill?2．

There

is

some___________(food)

in

the

basket．

3．

The

baby

has

only

two_____________(tooth)

now．

4．

There

is

a

lot

of____________(water)

in

the

bottle．

5．

There

are

five____________(people

)

in

his

family6．

I

have

lots

of______________(tomato)

here．

7．

The_____________(leaf)

on

the

tree

turn-yellow．

8．

Their_____________(dictionary)

look

new．

9．

They

are_____________(woman)

doctors．

10．

Can

you

give

me

some

bottles

of

_____________

(orange),

please?

四、Integratedskills1．---Howoftendoyouexercise?----Lessthan3timesaweek．一周少于三次。【拓展】lessthan．．．．少于．．．．．．．morethan．．．．．多于．．．．．．．．【morethan=over】Therearemorethan50studentsinmyclass．2．---Howlongdoyousleepeverynight?---Isleepforabout8hourseveryday．3．IwatchTVfor2hourseveryday．=Iwatch2hoursofTVeveryday．♥提问：HowlongdoyouwatchTVeveryday?=HowmuchTVdoyouwatcheveryday?4．takeawalk（名词）=walk（动词）散步【类似：haveatalk=talk,havearest=rest】5．totalnumberofAs得A的总数♥拓展与区别：【amemberof．．．．．．中的一个成员】【anumberof．．．许多=many+可数名词复数】【thenumberof．．．．．．．的数量】Eg．_________________theboysinourclassis30．________________girlsinourclassarefromEngland．【注意is和are单复数】【拓展】number数量只能用大小表示，不能用多少表示。price价格只能用高低表示，不能用贵和便宜来表示。Eg:(1)Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisverybig/small．(2)Thepriceofthemeatisveryhigh/low．6．Youneedtoexercisemoreandeatmorehealthyfood．♥exercisemore=domoreexercise=domoresports多做运动/锻炼♥eatlessandexercisemore少吃多运动7．Whatwouldyouliketoorder?8．Letmehavealookatthemenu．【havealook=look】9．Wouldyoulikesomeb