地理英语名词汇总

地理英语名词汇总

地理是研究地球的各种现象、规律和特征的学科。在地理学中，有许多重要的英语名词术语。下面将详细介绍一些常用的地理英语名词，以帮助读者更好地了解地理学术语。

1.Earth（地球）

ThethirdplanetfromtheSun,alsoknownastheBluePlanet.

2.Geology（地质学）

ThestudyofthesolidEarth,includingrocks,minerals,andtheprocessesthatshapeitssurface.

3.Geography（地理学）

ThestudyoftheEarth'sphysicalfeatures,climate,vegetation,andhumanpopulations.

4.Topography（地形学）

Thephysicalfeaturesofaregionorarea,includingitselevation,slope,andrelief.

5.Continent（大陆）

OneofthesevenmajorlandmassesonEarth,includingAsia,Africa,NorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Antarctica,Europe,andAustralia.

6.Ocean（海洋）

Alargebodyofsaltwaterthatcovers71%oftheEarth'ssurface,includingtheAtlantic,Pacific,Indian,Southern,andArcticoceans.

7.Sea（海）

Alargebodyofsaltwaterthatispartiallyenclosedbyland,smallerthananocean.

8.River（河流）

Alargenaturalstreamofwaterthatflowsintoanotherbodyofwater,suchasalake,sea,orocean.

9.Lake（湖泊）

Alargebodyofwaterthatissurroundedbyland.

10.Mountain（山）

Alargelandformthatrisessteeplyabovethesurroundingland,typicallywithapeakorsummit.

11.Hill（小山）

Arounded,elevatedlandformthatislowerthanamountain.

12.Valley（山谷）

Alowareaoflandbetweenhillsormountains,oftenwithariverflowingthroughit.

13.Plain（平原）

Alarge,flatareaoflandwithfewornotrees.

14.Plateau（高原）

Aflat,elevatedareaoflandthatishigherthanthesurroundingland.

15.Desert（沙漠）

Abarrenanddryregionwithlittleornovegetation,oftencharacterizedbyhightemperaturesandlowrainfall.

16.Tundra（冻土带）

AcoldandtreelessbiomefoundintheArcticandAntarcticregions,characterizedbylowtemperaturesandpermanentlyfrozenground.

17.Rainforest（热带雨林）

Adenseforestwithhighlevelsofrainfall,typicallyfoundintropicalregions.

18.Climate（气候）

Thelong-termaverageweatherconditionsofaregion,includingtemperature,precipitation,andwindpatterns.

19.Weather（天气）

Thecurrentstateoftheatmosphere,includingtemperature,humidity,precipitation,andwind.

20.Erosion（侵蚀）

Theprocessbywhichrocksandsoilaremovedfromoneplacetoanotherbynaturalforces,suchaswater,wind,orglaciation.

21.Volcano（火山）

Amountainorhillwithaventorcraterthroughwhichlava,rockfragments,hotgases,andashareexpelledduringaneruption.

22.Earthquake（地震）

Asuddenandviolentshakingoftheground,oftencausedbythemovementoftectonicplates.

23.Tsunami（海啸）

Aseriesofoceanwavescausedbyanunderwaterearthquake,volcaniceruption,orlandslide.

24.Glacier（冰川）

Alargemassoficethatmovesslowlyoverland,usuallyformedinhighmountainousregions.

25.Wetland（湿地）

Anareaoflandthatissaturatedwithwater,suchasaswamp,marsh,orbog.

26.Biodiversity（生物多样性）

Thevarietyofplantandanimalspecieswithinagivenecosystemorregion.

27.Ecosystem（生态系统）

Acommunityoflivingorganismsthatinteractwitheachotherandtheirenvironment.

28.Deforestation（森林砍伐）

Theclearingorremovaloftreesfromaforestedarea.

29.Pollution（污染）

Theintroductionofharmfulsubstancesorpollutantsintotheenvironment,causingdamagetoecosystemsandhumanhealth.

30.Sustainability（可持续性）

Theabilitytomaintainoruseresour