2023届山西省临汾市高三下学期高考考前适应性练习考试(一)英语试题（解析版）

临汾市2023年高考考前适应性训练考试（一）

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在

本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分，不计入总分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.

答案：[A][B][C]

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.AChineserestaurant.B.Friedchicken.C.AnItalianrestaurant.

2.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheadvertisement?

A.It,scheap.B.It,sexpensive.C.It,sreasonable.

3.Whenisthefilmgoingtobeon?

A.At7:35.B.At7:05.C.At7:45.

4Whatisthewomangoingtodothisweekend?

A.Haveapicnic.B.Prepareforanexam.C.Haveanexam.

5.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?

A.Takethebus.B.Seeanothershow.C.Walktothetheatre.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhydoesGracielacometoaskforhelpfromMr.Jenner?

A.Shehasaproblemwithherroommates.

B.Shehasaproblemwithherschoolwork.

C.Shehasaproblemwithherhousing.

7.WhatisGracielamostprobablygoingtodotomorrow?

A.Dotheschoolwork.B.Moveintoaschooldoπnitoιy.C.Haveabusridetrip.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.HowoftendoesSallygoabroadforatrip?

A.Everymonth.B.Everyfewmonths.C.Onceortwiceayear.

9.Whatisthemangoingtodothisweekend?

A.Goonaroadtrip.B.Visithisgrandpa.C.Liveinhospital.

10.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablygoingtodonextweekend?

A.Goonanouting.B.Goforapicnic.C.Traveloverseas.

听第8段材料，回答第H至13题。

11.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.

12.What,sprobablywrongwiththewoman?

A.Shehasacold.B.She,sfoodpoisoning.C.Shehasastomachache.

13.Whydoesthemanmakeaphonecall?

A.Todateadoctorforthewoman.

B.Toaskforaday,srestforthewoman.

C.Toaskforaleavetolookafterthewoman.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatkindoftabledoesthemanwanttohave?

A.Atablefarawayfromnoise.

B.Atablenearthewindow.

C.Atableforthree.

15.Whatkindofsoupisrecommendedtotheman?

A.Meatsoup.B.Fishsoup.C.Vegetablesoup.

16.Whatpiedoesthemanaskfor?

A.Apiewithvegetablesinit.

B.Apiewithchickeninit.

C.Apiewithicecreamontop.

17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inashop.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhatdidLincoln,sfatherdo?

A.Ateacher.B.Aworker.C.Afarmer.

19.Whycouldn,tLincolngotoschool?

A.Becausehewastoooldforschool.

B.Becausetherewasnoschoolnearby.

C.Becausehisfamilywastoopoor.

20.HowlongdidittakeMrs.Lincolntomakeatriptothetown?

A.Awholeday.B.Halfaday.C.Oneandahalfdays.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分60分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TheIibraiyistheheartofauniversity-----itscollections,services,andstudyspacesarecentraltoeverystudent,s

educationaljourney.Lefstakealookatsomefamousuniversitylibrariesaroundtheworld.

MagdaIenCollegeOldLibrary

OxfordUniversityisfamousforitsacademicprograms,butit,salsoknownforitsoutstandinglibrariesthatare

saidtoincludemorethan11millionbooks.TheOldLibraryatMagdalenCollegeisthecrownjewelofthe

university,slibrarysystem.Itcontainsmorethan20,000rarebooksandmanuscripts.Nearlyallofthesevolumes

werepublishedbefore1800.

TUDelftLibrary

TheIibraiyattheDelftUniversityofTechnologywasconstructedin1997,whichhasmorethan862,000books,

16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsownmuseum.Butitwillonlytakeaglancetobeattracted,asitisasightto

remember.Thebuildingitselfexistsbeneaththeground,soyoucan,treallyseetheactuallibrary.Whatmakesit

interestingistheroofζwhichisagrassyhill.

TrinityCollegeLibrary

TheTrinityCollegeLibraryinDublinistheoldestIibraiyinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethɪ.It

containsmorethan200,000ofthelibrary,soldestbooks.Treasuresofthelibrary,sextensivecollectionincludearare

copyofthe1916proclamationoftheIrishRepublicandabeautiful15thcenturyharp（竖琴）.

JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary

Openedin2011,theJoeandRikaMansuetoLibraryattheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedwithagrandglass

roof,perfectforstaringoutwhenyouaretired.Thelibrarycanholdaround3.5millionvolumesthroughits

undergroundautomaticstorageandretrievalsystem.Ifyouarenotalreadyimpressed,thelibrarians,roboticcranes,

willknockyoursocksOfF.Theycanlocateandbringyouanybookwithinanaveragetimeof3minutes.

1.WhatdoMagdalenCollegeOldLibrary&TrinityCollegeLibraryhaveincommon?

A.Bothhousestringedinstruments.B.Bothfeatureattractivedesigns.

C.Bothboastnumerousancientbooks.D.Bothgainrecognitionascrownjewels.

2.Whichlibrarypossessesitsownmuseum?

A.TUDelftLibrary.B.TrinityCollegeLibrary.

C.MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary.D.JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary.

3.WhatmayimpressyoumostinJoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary?

A.Theglassroof.B.Thevolumeofbooks.

C.Thestoragesystem.D.Theroboticlibrarians.

【答案】LC2.A3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上一些著名的大学图书馆。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据小标题MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary下的段落中“Itcontainsmorethan20,000rarebooks

andmanuscripts.Nearlyallofthesevolumeswerepublishedbefore1800.（里面有2万多本珍本书籍和手稿。

几乎所有这些卷书都是在1800年以前出版的）”以及小标题TrinityConegeLibrary下的段落中“TheTrinity

CollegeLibraiyinDublinistheoldestlibraryinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI.Itcontainsmore

than200,OOOofthelibrary,soldestbooks.（都柏林的三一学院图书馆是爱尔兰最古老的图书馆，由伊丽莎白女

王一世于1592年建立。它收藏了20多万本图书馆最古老的书籍）”可知，MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary

TrinityCollegeLibrary的共同之处是两者都拥有大量的古籍。故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据小标题TUDelftLibrary下的段落中“TheIibraiyattheDelftUniversityofTechnologywas

constructedin1997,whichhasmorethan862,000books,16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsownmuseum.（代尔

夫特理工大学的图书馆建于1997年，拥有超过86.2万册图书，1.6万份杂志订阅和自己的博物馆）”可

知，TUDClftLibrary有自己的博物馆。故选A项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据小标题JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary下的段落中“Ifyouarenotalreadyimpressed,the

librarians,roboticcranes,willknockyoursocksoff.Theycanlocateandbringyouanybookwithinanaverage

timeof3minutes.（如果你还没有印象深刻，图书管理员，机器人起重机，会让你大吃一惊。他们可以在平

均3分钟内找到并给你带来任何一本书）”可知，JoeandRikaMansueto图书馆给你印象最深的是机器人图

书管理员。故选D项。

B

In1665,JohannesVermeer,oneofthegreatestpaintersinNetherlands,completedhismasterpiecettGirlWitha

PearlEarring.^^OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedherfitnessapp,and

watchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermcer,smasterpieceoverthestreetsofBrooklyn.

Ms.Strongcreateswhathascometobeknownas“GPSart“一apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioning

Systemmappingcapabilitiesofmodemphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete,sroute.Ithasgrown

withthewidespreadavailabilityofsatellitetrackingforusebyordinarypeople.Infact,theideahasbeenaround

sincebeforethepopularityofsmartphonesforfitnesslikeStravareleasedin2009.

In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremyWoodgottheideaforGPSart.Mr.Woodsaid

whilehewasusingaGPStrackeronaflightandtheplaneflewinaholdingpatternaboveHeath-rowAirport,hewas

attractedbythepatternappearingonhisGarminGPSdevice.Inrecentyears,technologyhasadvancedenoughto

createvisualmapsinrealtimeusingaphoneorsmartwatch.

“Igetboredcyclingonthesamepathinthesamestreets/9Ms.Strongsaid.4fcCreatingGPSartgivesmemore

reasonstohitthepavement,whichmakescyclingaloteasier.Ialwayshaveabigsmileonmyfacewhenitworks

outandIuploaditandit,sdone,“sheadded.4tIt,saverysatisfyingfeeling.^^

Tocompleteherdigitalvisionof44GirlWithaPearlEarring,,,shebikedalmost50milesaroundsouthern

Brooklyn,carefullycheckingStravatomakesureeachturn,circle,andstraightlinewasachievingtheshapeof

earringandheadcoveringofVermeer,soriginal.

4.WhatcanWeinferaboutJanineStronginparagraph1?

A.Shetestsafitnessapp.B.Sheisaninnovativecyclist.

C.Shelikespearlearrings.D.Sheisapainterofsomenote.

5.WhatinformationcanwegetaboutGPSart?

A.Itisrarelyusedbycommonpeople.B.Itaroseafterthepopularityoffitnessapps.

C.Itisbasedonapps,GPSmappingfiιnctions.D.Itisapracticeofcreatingrealisticdrawings.

6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.TheoriginofGPSart.B.TheprospectofGPSart.

C.ThefunctionofaGPStracker.D.TheadvancementofaGPSdevice.

7.WhowillbemostlikelytocreateGPSart?

A.Paintinglovers.B.Mobilegameplayers.

C.Softwaredevelopers.D.Runningenthusiasts.

【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了JanineStrOng创作的GPS艺术，她用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了

一幅名画的形状。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedher

fitnessapp,andwatchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermeer,smasterpieceoverthe

streetsofBrooklyn.（357年后的一个4月，JanineStrong放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，

看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状）”可知，JanineStrong

用自己的运动轨迹绘制出了一幅名画的形状，由此可推测她是一个有创新精神的自行车手。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ms.StrongcreateswhathascometobeknownasςGPSart,—apracticethatuses

theGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodemphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithan

athlete∖route.（Strong女士创作了所谓的‘GPS艺术'——利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功

能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线）”可知，“GPS艺术”是基于应用程序上GPS的绘图功能。故选C。

【6题详解】

段落大意题。根据第三段内容，结合本段中“In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremy

WoodgottheideaforGPSart.（2003年，《纽约时报》杂志讲述了JeremyWood是如何获得GPS艺术的灵感

的）”可知，本段是讲述GPS艺术的起源。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。结合第二段中“apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodem

phone叩PStocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete,sroute（利用现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统的绘图功

能，以数字方式绘制运动员的路线）”可知，GPS艺术是跑步者利用应用程序记录跑步路线的功能来精心设

计自己的运动轨迹，从而绘制出想要的图案，故跑步爱好者最有可能创造GPS艺术。故选D。

C

Peoplearelookingtomakemeaningaftertheglobalpandemic.Andonewaythatsomeofusdothisistocredit

coincidences—theunexpectedconcurrence（同时发生）ofevents—withhelpingtofindjobs,friendsandspouses,

makesignificantcareerdecisionsandrelievepains.Scholarsdisagreeonthecauseofcoincidences.Somesaythey

arerandomandduetoprobability.OthersseeGodorspiritualforcesatwork.Stillotherssayit,soursubconscious

makingconnections.Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattentiontothesemoments

mayhelpus,especiallyintimesofstress.

Studiesshowthatnoticingcoincidencesmayhelpboostboththeeffectivenessofpsychotherapyandmental

well-being.MichaelSchauch42,aninvestment-portfoliomanagerinSquamish,BritishColumbia,whoisanavid

mountaineer,losthisbestfriendBrentlastyear.Afewmonthslater,Mr.SchauchclimbedamountainheandBrent

oftenscaledtogether*.Atthesummit,Mr.Schauchfoundhundredsofladybugs.Whenheclimbedadifferentmountain

ontheanniversaryofBrenfsdeath,hesawaladybugashestartedupeachnewsectionoftherockface.ςςIknewat

oncethatitwasBrent,andthathewasstilltherewithme,asiftosay:4YoιΓvegotthis,Mike.Keepgoing!'"hesays.

Coincidencescanmaketheworldfeellikeitmakesgoodsense,saysDavidB.Yaden,anassistantprofessorat

theJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchool.Varietiesofspiritualexperiencesshowacorrelation（关联）between

coincidencesandanincreaseinpositiveemotions,betterpersonalrelationshipsandagreatersenseofmeaningin

life.

Coincidencesaremorelikelytohappentocertainpeople.44PeopIewhoaretroubledbydistressandsearching

forsignsaremorelikelytoexperiencecoincidences,,,saysBernardBeitman,apsychiatristandacoincidence

researcher.Ifyou,dliketoenhanceyourabilitytonoticecoincidences,thereareseveralstrategies,saysLisaMiller,

aclinicalpsychologist:Bcopentothem.Writethemdown.Talkaboutthemwithothers.ςςWereallyneedthisdeep

innerwisdom."shesays.

8.WhatcanweIeamaboutcoincidencesfromparagraph1?

A.Theyhappenasexpected.B.Theyprovideguidanceorrelief.

C.Theyactivatesubconsciousmind.D.Theycontributetoinvisibleforces.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionMichaelSchalch,sstoιy?

A.Toclarifythecauseofcoincidences.

B.Toofferamethodofcopingwithgrief.

C.Toshowthecomfortingeffectofcoincidences.

D.Topresentasolidfriendshipbetweentwoclimbers.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Luckypeopletendtobesurprisedbycoincidences.

B.Wisdomistothesoulwhatmentalhealthistothebody.

C.Coincidencesmeanmoretoourdailylivesthanthesurface.

D.ThemoreWecultivatecoincidences,themorelikelytheyhappen.

11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Themeaningfulmomentsinlife.B.Thehiddenpowerofcoincidences.

C.Thevariousopinionsoncoincidences.D.Thestrategiesfornoticingcoincidences.

【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“巧合”这一心理学概念，一起研究认为其对人们和世界起到的巨大作

用。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第——段最后——句"Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattention

tothesemomentsmayhelpus,especiallyintimesofStreSS.（不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时

刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。）”可知，关注这些巧合的事情，可能对人们有所帮助，尤其当人

们面临压力的时候，可推测这些巧合可能给人们提供指导或者宽慰。故选B项。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句"WhenheclimbedadifferentmountainontheanniversaryofBrent,sdeath,

hesawaladybugashestartedupeachnewsectionoftherockface,liknewatoncethatitwasBrent,andthathe

wasstilltherewithme,asiftosay:1You,vegotthis,Mike.Keepgoing!'"hesays.（当他在布伦特忌日爬上一座不

同的山时，每开启一块新的岩石表面，他都看到一只瓢虫。他说：“我一下子就知道是布伦特，他还在那里

陪着我，好像在说：'你有这个，迈克。继续！’“。）”可知，爬山时看到和朋友布伦特之前一起看到过

的瓢虫，麦可尔•沙尔奇觉得自己的朋友一直没有离开，还陪在自己身边，这缓解了他的悲伤情绪，因此可

推测本文介绍他的故事，是为了呈现这种巧合带来的宽慰人的作用。故选C项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句""PeoplewhoaretroubledbydistressandsearchingforsignsaremoreHkely

toexperiencecoincidences,,,saysBernardBeitman,apsychiatristandacoincidenceresearcher.（精神病学家和巧

合研究者贝玛德・拜特曼说：“那些被痛苦困扰并寻找痛苦征兆的人更有可能经历巧合。“）”可知，专家举

例表明，痛苦的人越想找到痛苦的征兆，他就越有可能体验这种巧合，即经历类似的痛苦，故从最后一段可

以推测出的是人们越是去培养巧合，这种巧合越可能出现。故选D项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第——段最后——句“Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattention

tothesemomentsmayhelpus,especiallyintimesofStreSS.（不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都说，关注这些时

刻可能会帮助我们，特别是在压力时期。）”；第二段第一句"StudiesshowthatnoticingcoincidencesmayheIp

boostboththeeffectivenessofpsychotherapyandmentalWen-being.（研究表明，注意巧合可能有助于提高心理

治疗的有效性和心理健康。）”以及第三段第一句"Coincidencescanmaketheworldfeellikeitmakesgood

sense,saysDavidB.Yaden,anassistantprofessorattheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySChOoL（约翰•霍普金斯大学学

院助理教授大卫∙B∙亚登说，巧合会让世界觉得这很有意义。）”可知，本文各段主要讲述了“巧合”对人们

和世界的作用，即“巧合”隐臧着巨大的力量。故选B项。

D

Afteraday,slabor,AndreasFichtnerandhiscolleagueshavespliced（绞接）togetherthreesegmentsoffibers,

creatinga12.5-kiIometer-longfiber-optic（光学的）cable.Itwillstayburiedinthesnowtospyontheactivityof

Grfrnsvotn,adangerous,glacier-coveredvolcano.

Fichtner,ageophysicistattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,inZurich,isoneoftheresearchersusing

fiberopticstotakethepulseofourplanet.Muchoftheirworkisdoneinremoteplaces,fromthetopsofvolcanoes

tothebottomsofseas,wheretraditionalmonitoringistoocostlyordifficult.

ThetechniqueusedbyFichtner,steamiscalleddistributedacousticsensing,orDAS."It'salmostlikeradarin

thefiber,,,saysthephysicistGiuseppeMarraoftheUnitedKingdom'sNationalPhysicalLaboratory,inTeddington.

Whileradarusesreflectedradiowavestolocateobjects,DASusesreflectedlighttodetecteventsasvariedas

earthquakeactivityandmovingtraffic,andtodeteπninewheretheyoccurred.Insidethecablesareopticalfibers.

DASinvolvesshootingquickpulsesoflaserlightdownthefiberanddetectingbitsoflightthatscatterbacktothe

lasersourceduetodisturbancesintheenvironment.Whentheearth,ssurfacevibratesandshifts,itpullsthecables,

soadetectorcanidentifythesesmallchanges.

TheNewYorkTimespointsoutthatalthoughwirelessandsatellitetechnologyarcbooming,goodold-fashioned

cablesarestillthemostefficientwaytosendinformationacrossoceans.ReDUrPoSingCableScouldgivescientiststhe

abilitytomonitorhigh-riskzonesthatwerepreviouslyhardtoreach.Theycouldhelpdetectearthquakesandtsunamis

afewsecondsearlierthantraditionalwarningsystems.

Inaddition,fiber-opticcablescouldalsohelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengesforhumans.Intherecent

years,scientistshavestartedtousethemtomeasureoceanwavesandaccessfault（断层）information.Itisbelieved

thatfiber-opticcableswillservetobenefitusgreatlyinthefuture.

12.WhatisthepurposeoftheworkofFichtner,steam?

A.Totrackvolcanicactivities.B.Tostrikeoilunderthesea.

C.Tolengthenfiber-opticcables.D.Tokeepfiberscoveredinthesnow.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetechniqueofDAS?

A.Itdetermineswhenandwheredisastersoccurs.

B.ɪtusesradiowavestolocatemovingobjects.

C.Itimprovestheefficiencyoftransmittinglight.

D.Itdetectstinyvariationoftheearth,ssurface.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“Repurposingcables^^probablymean?

A.Recyclingcablesinnewfields.B.Adaptingcablesforanewfunction.

C.Installingcablesbeneathvolcanoes.D.Promotingcablesintomassiveproduction.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DASIsFeelingtheHeartbeatofVolcanoes

B.SatelliteTechnologyIsBoominginOurTimes

C.UndergroundCablesAreTakingthePIanet,sPulse

D.Fiber-opticCablesAreGivingUsInsightsintoEarthquakes

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很

大的好处。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段uAfteraday,slabor,AndreasFichtnerandhiscolleagueshavespliced（绞接）together

threesegmentsoffibers,creatingaɪ2.5-kilometer-longfiber-optic（光学的）cable.Itwillstayburiedinthesnowto

spyontheactivityofGrfrnsvotn,adangerous,glacier-coveredvolcano.,,（经过一天的劳动，AndreasFichtner和

他的同事们将三段纤维拼接在一起，形成了一根12.5公里长的光纤电缆。它将被埋在雪中，监视GrfmSVOtn

火山的活动，这是一座危险的冰川覆盖的火山。）可知，FiChtner团队工作的目的是追踪火山活动。故选A

项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“DASinvolvesshootingquickpulsesoflaserlightdownthefiberanddetectingbits

oflightthatscatterbacktothelasersourceduetodisturbancesintheenvironment.Whentheearth,ssurface

vibratesandshifts,itpullsthecables,soadetectorcanidentifythesesmallchanges.,,（DAS包括沿光纤发射快

速激光脉冲，并检测由于环境干扰而散射回激光源光位。当地球表面振动和移动时，它会拉动电缆，所

以探测器可以识别这些微小的变化。）可知，我们可以从DAS技术中了解到它能探测到地球表面的微小变

化。故选D项。

【14题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第四段中"TheNewYorkTimespointsoutthatalthoughwirelessandsatellitetechnologyare

booming,goodold-fashionedcablesarestillthemostefficientwaytosendinformationacrossoceans.w（《纽约

时报》指出，尽管无线和卫星技术正在蓬勃发展，但老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方

式。）提出老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式，以及划线单词句中的“…CoUkIgiVe

scientiststheabilitytomonitorhigh-riskzonesthatwerepreviouslyhardtoreach.,,（可以使科学家能够监测以

前难以到达的高风险地区。）可猜测，划线单词RePUrPoSingCabIeS为“重新调整电缆用途”，结合选项B

项Adaptingcablesforanewfunction"为新功能改造电缆”意思一致。故选B项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Fichtner,ageophysicistattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,

inZurich,isoneoftheresearchersusingfiberopticstotakethepulseofourplanet.Muchoftheirworkisdonein

remoteplaces,fromthetopsofvolcanoestothebottomsofseas,wheretraditionalmonitoringistoocostlyor

difficult."（FiChtner是苏黎世瑞士联邦理工学院的地球物理学家，他是使用光纤测量地球脉动的研究人员

之一。他们的大部分工作是在偏远的地方完成的，从火山顶部到海底，传统的监测太昂贵或太困难。）和

最后一段"Inaddition,fiber-opticcablescouldalsohelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengesforhumans.Inthe

recentyears,scientistshavestartedtousethemtomeasureoceanwavesandaccessfaultinformation.Itisbelieved

thatfiber-opticcableswillservetobenefitusgreatlyinthefuture.""（此外，光纤电缆还可以帮助解决人类面

临的一些最大挑战。近年来，科学家们已经开始使用它们来测量海浪和获取故障信息。人们相信光纤电缆

在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。）可知，文章主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在

将来会给我们带来很大的好处。故文章最好的标题是“地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏”。故选C项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Thechickenortheegg-whichcamefirst?It,sprobablyoneofthemostcommonlycitedparadoxes（悖论）一a

chickenhatchesfromanegg,sotheeggcamefirst,right?Butthenwhatlaidtheegg?16That'sexactly

whataparadoxis——aproblemthatseeminglyhasnodefinitivesolutionandcan,tbelogicallysolved.

17Howcanworkbeflexiblebutmaintainstructure?Howcanweswitchoffifwe,reworkingfrom

home?Twocontrastingideascouldcausepeoplestress,butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandchangetheway

welookatit?18

Aparadoxconsistsoftwoseeminglyimpossiblerealitiesthatexistatthesametime.19Forexample,

holdingontochangemayleadtoburn-out,whilemaintainingstabilitymayleadtoboredom.Someexpertshave

foundtheacceptanceofbothrealitiesandawillingnesstoacceptthemcanimprovebothcreativityandproductivity

byallowingyoutofindapaththroughthecontradictions.

A1996studyofgeniusesbyAlbertRothenbergfoundthatthosethinkersspenttimeconsideringoppositesand

antitheses.ConsiderEinstein.Thetheoryofrelativitywasbomoutoftheparadoxthatsomethingcouldbemoving

andstationaryatthesametime,dependingonperspective.

So,havinga“paradoxmindsef,andacceptingthebiggerpicturemayhelpyoutobetterunderstandproblems.

20Asaresult,itmayleadyoutoimprovingyourproductivityandcreativity.IfitworkedforEinstein,

maybeitcouldbegoodforyoutoo!

A.Thetwoideasseemcontradictoιy.

B.Thetwoquestionsremainunanswered.

C.Thisiswhatsomeexpertscallthe44paradoxmindsef,.

D.Itcouldalsomakeyouhappierknowingthatcontradictionsexist.

E.Paradoxesareapparentlyridiculousorself-contradictorystatements.

F.Paradoxesdon,tjustexistinphilosophicaldebatesbutalsoinourdailylives.

G.Ifyouembraceoneofthoserealitiesandignoretheother,itcancauseproblems.

【答案】16.A17.F18.C19.G20.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了悖论的定义，以及接受“矛盾心态”可能会给你带来一些好处。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Thechickenortheegg——whichcamefirst?It,sprobablyoneofthemostcommonlycitedparadoxes——

achickenhatchesfromanegg,sotheeggcamefirst,right?Butthenwhatlaidtheegg?,,（先有鸡还是先有蛋?

这可能是最常被引用的悖论之------鸡是从蛋里孵出来的，所以先有蛋，对吧？那么是什么下了蛋呢？）

提出一种悖论的事实，结合常识可知，这两种观点相互矛盾。下文uThafsexactlywhataparadoxis一a

problemthatseeminglyhasnodefinitivesolutionandcan,tbelogicallysolved.,,（这正是悖论的含义---一个

似乎没有确定的解决方案，也不能用逻辑解决的问题。）可推知，空格处内容为这两种观点的评价。结合

选项A项"Thetwoideasseerncontradictory."（这两种观点似乎相互矛盾。）符合此推断，上下文语意连

贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选A项。

【17题详解】

由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文''Howcanworkbeflexible

butmaintainstructure?Howcanweswitchoffifwe,reworkingfromhome?Twocontrastingideascouldcause

peoplestress,butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandchangethewaywelookatit?"（怎样才能工作灵活而

又保持结构？如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果

我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，讲的是悖论存在于生活中的案列。结合选项F项

uParadoxesdon'tjustexistinphilosophicaldebatesbutalsoinourdailylives.,,（悖论不仅存在于哲学辩论

中，也存在于我们的日常生活中。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Howcanweswitchoffifwe,reworkingfromhome?Twocontrastingideascouldcausepeoplestress,

butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandchangethewaywelookatit?”（如果我们在家工作,我们怎么能关

机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式

呢？）可知，为说明我们在工作上两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力。结合选项C项“ThiSiSWhat

someexpertscallthe''paradoxmindsef,.w（这就是一些专家所说的"矛盾心态"。）可知，为总结上文内

容，为上文内容的递进。上下文语意连贯。故选C项。

【19题详解】

上文“Aparadoxconsistsoftwoseeminglyimpossiblerealitiesthatexistatth