高二英语人教版选择性必修一课时作业（2）Unit1PeopleofachievementLearningaboutLanguage

20202021学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册同步课时作业(2)Unit1LearningaboutLanguage一、填空1.Besuretorevieweverythinginthesection,includingtables,graphs,andc_________(图表).2.Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillf_________(流动)nextandhowfast.3.Hisfirstn_________(小说)hasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.4.Whateverourc_________(状况)are,wegenerallystillhavedreams,hopesanddesire.5.Thecriminalscannotescapethenetofjusticeeveniftheyf_________(逃跑)totheremotestersoftheearth.6.Theycametothec_________(结论)thatnotallthingscanbedonebyaputer.7.Ourcourseisbasedonaspecificproject,oneof_______________aimsistoimprovestudents'prehensiveabilityinEnglish.8.Asyoucansee,inourclassthereare50students,halfofthem_______________(wear)glasses.9.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasthoughnothing_______________(happen).10.KirkandIgrewupbeingconstantlymistakenforeachother.As_______________consequence,wewereoftenunfairlypunishedorrewardedbyourteachers.11.Thearticlesummed_______________thenewachievementsmadeinelectronicputers,artificialsatellitesandrockets.12.Sincethenewpresidentcame_______________power,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountry.13.WinningtheNobelPrizeforanyscientistisa_______________(remark)achievement.14.Theteacherpattedher_______________(gentle)ontheshoulderandthenwalkedoutoftheclassroom.15.ThefamousbookFrankenstein,writtenbyaBritish_______________(novel),isthefirstworkofsciencefiction.二.阅读理解

DonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2018NobelPrizeinPhysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGerardMourou.It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists——pastandpresent——whoactuallydeservetheprize.

JocelynBellBurnell

Perhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):thenstudentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda£2.3millionBreakthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunderrepresentedstudents,shejokedtoTheGuardian,"IfeelI'vedoneverywelloutofnotgettingaNobelPrize."

LeneHau

HauisbestknownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvard

VeraRubin

Rubindiscovereddarkmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2016,withoutrecognitionfromthemittee.

ChienShiungWu

Wu's"Wuexperiment"helpeddisprovethe"lawofconservationofparity".Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957NobelPrizebehindthestudy.

LiseMeitner

Meitnerledgroundbreakingworkonthediscoveryofnuclearfission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeinChemistry,

which

waswonbyhermalecolead,OttoHahn.1.WhenwasthediscoveryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944. B.In1967. C.In1974. D.In1980.2.WhichwomanismostlikelytowinaNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.DonnaStrickland. B.JocelynBellBurnell.C.LeneHau. D.VeraRubin.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemalescientistsdidwellinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner'steacherwonaNobelPrizeforherwork.D.Thefivefemalescientistshaven'tbeenawardedNobelPrize.三.完形填空

Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame(瘸的).He

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playedwithhisclassmates;whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions,healways

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hisheadwithoutaword.

Onespring,theboy'sfathergotsomesaplings(树苗)andtoldhis

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toplantoneeachperson.Thefatheralso

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tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.Theboyalsowantedtogethisfather's

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Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarrywateractively,helost

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Soafterwateringitonceortwice,henever

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it.

Afewdayslater,whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain,hewas

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tofindthatitappearedgreenerandstrongerthanhissisters'andbrothers'.Hisfather

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hispromise,andsaidthathewouldsurelybeeanoutstandingbotanist(植物学家)whenhe

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up.

Fromthenon,thelittlehoyslowlybecame

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.Onenight,hesuddenlyrecalled

whatthe

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teacheroncesaid:Plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Thenhecametothecourtyardandunexpectedlyfoundhisfather

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underhistreewithabigspoon.Suddenly,heunderstoodhisfatherhadbeensecretlywateringhissmalltree!

Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidn'tbeeabotanist,buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinDelanoRoosevelt.

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isthebestnutrition(营养)

of

life;evenifitisjustonespoonfulofclear

​

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,itcanmakethetreeoflifelively.1.A.always B.seldom C.frequently D.sometimes2.A.lowered B.raised C.kept D.nodded3.A.daughters B.sons C.children D.neighbours4.A.demanded B.promised C.agreed D.wished5.A.gift B.praise C.tool D.help6.A.touch B.sight C.heart D.face7.A.lookedafter B.lookedfor C.lookedaround D.lookedinto8.A.disappointed B.excited C.worried D.surprised9.A.changed B.made C.kept D.broke10.A.grew B.woke C.gave D.stayed11.A.hopeless B.optimistic C.guilty D.generous12.A.history B.physics C.chemistry D.biology13.A.working B.resting C.sleeping D.singing14.A.Help B.Love C.Work D.Promise15.A.sand B.soup C.soil D.water答案以及解析一、1.答案：charts解析：句意:一定要复习本节中的所有内容,包括表格、图和图表。2.答案：flow解析：句意:我帮助其他科学家预测火山熔岩下一步将流向何处以及流动的速度。3.答案：novel解析：句意:自从上个月出版以来,他的第一部小说收到了好的评论。4.答案：circumstances解析：句意:不管在什么情况下,我们仍然有着梦想、希望和渴望。5.答案：flee解析：句意:罪犯就是跑到天涯海角,也逃不出法网。6.答案：conclusion解析：句意:他们得出结论,计算机并不能做所有的事。7.答案：whose解析：句意为:我们的课程是基于一个特定的项目,它的目标之一是提高学生的英语综合能力。逗号后是定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰aims,所以应用关系代词whose。8.答案：wearing解析：句意为:如你所见,我们班有50名学生,其中一半戴眼镜。此处“halfofthem+非谓语动词”构成独立主格结构;wear与其逻辑主语halfofthem之间是主动关系,所以应用现在分词。故填wearing。9.答案：hadhappened解析：句意为:他把计划搞砸了,但他表现得好像什么事也没发生。asthough在此引导方式状语从句,从句要用虚拟语气;根据主句时态为一般过去时可知,此处是对过去情况的虚拟,从句应用过去完成时。故填hadhappened。10.答案：a解析：句意为:柯克和我从小到大一直被误认为是对方。因此,我们经常受到来自我们老师的不公平的惩罚或奖励。asaconsequence意为“结果”,为固定短语。故填a。11.答案：up解析：句意为:这篇文章总结了在电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭方面取得的新成就。sumup为固定搭配,意为“总结;概述”。故填up。12.答案：to解析：句意为:自从新总统上台以来,这个国家发生了巨大的变化。etopower意为“上台;执政”,为固定搭配。故填to。13.答案：remarkable解析：句意为:对任何一位科学家来说,获得诺贝尔奖都是一项非凡的成就。设空处作定语,修饰名词achievement,应用形容词。故填remarkable。14.答案：gently解析：句意为:老师轻轻地拍了拍她的肩膀,然后走出了教室。设空处修饰动词patted,应用副词。故填gently。15.答案：novelist解析：句意为:著名的《科学怪人》由一名英国小说家创作,是第一部科幻小说。设空处前有不定冠词a及British修饰,根据设空处前的writtenby可知,设空处指“小说家”。故填novelist。二.答案：13CCD解析：1.细节理解题.根据JocelynBellBurnell段落中的thenstudentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,可知射电脉冲星(radiopulsars)最初在1967年被发现,其发现被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年.故选C项.2.细节理解题.根据LeneHau段落中的OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,可知莱娜·豪经常位居诺贝尔奖预测名单榜首,她最有可能获诺贝尔奖.故选C项.3.推理判断题.根据第一段总述中It'sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicistspastandpresentwhoactuallydeservetheprize.可知唐娜·斯特里克兰是五十五年来第一个获诺贝尔物理学奖的女性,而文中介绍的五位女科学家都应该获得这个奖,但由于各种原因未能获奖.故选D项.三.答案：15BACBA610CADCA1115BDABD解析：1.根据上句Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame.可知,一个小孩因为腿瘸而认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子,说明他:自卑,很少和同学一起玩.故选B项.2.根据上文可知小男孩很自卑,再由空后的hisheadwithoutaword可知,当老师提问他的时候,他总是低着头一言不发.故选A项.3.根据空后的toplantoneeachperson和后文的Butseeinghisbrothersandsisters可知,这位父亲告诉他的孩子们每人种一棵.故选C项.4.根据下文的Hisfather___hispromise可知,这位父亲还作出了承诺,给种得最好的那个孩子买礼物.故选B项.5.根据上句Thefatheralso___tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.可知,父亲答应给种得最好的孩子买礼物,这个男孩也想要礼物.故选A项.6.根据空前的Butseeinghisbrothersand