（福建专用）高考英语一轮复习 课时规范练21 Unit 1 Great scientists 新人教必修5-新人教高三必修5英语试题

Unit1GreatscientistsⅠ.阅读理解(2018·福建师范大学第二附属中学第四次检测)TheYerka,abicycledesignedbythreeyoungChileanengineeringstudents,isthelatestmodelinarecenttrendofbikesthatcanbelockedusingsomeoftheirownparts.TheyincludeBrooklyn-based“Seatylock”,whichusesitsseatasalock.“That’swhyourmottois‘abikethatgetsstolenisnolongerabike’.Whatwehavehereistrulyanunstealablebike,”saidCristobalCabello,whocameupwiththedesignduringacollegeengineeringclasswithhischildhoodfriendsAndresRoiEggersandJuanJoseMonsalve.InChileandelsewhereinLatinAmerica,thespreadofdesignated(指定的)cyclinglanesandbike-shareprogramsareencouragingpeopletoswitchfromcarstobikes,whicharecheaperandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.CristobalGalban,whoholdsadoctorateinenvironmentalengineeringandisdirectorofaresearchcenteratSantiago’sAndresBelloUniversity,saidastudybyhisteamin2013foundthattheuseofbikeshasdoubledamongChileansinfiveyears.“ThemainprobleminChileandelsewhereistherobberies,sotheYerkacouldhelpsolvethis,”saidGalban,whosebikewasrecentlystolen.TonyHadland,authorofthebookBicycleDesign:AnIllustratedHistory,calledtheChileans’designveryclever.“Therehavebeenrelativelyfewattemptstoincludeanti-theftideasinbicycledesign,”theBritishwritersaid.“Mostanti-theftpieceshavebeenbolt-ondevicesandusuallyinvolveapiecethatpassesbetweenthespokes(辐条)tostopthewheelrolling,buttheycanstillbeeasilypickedbyathief.”“ThemosteffectivestrategycommonlyusedinLondontodayistotakethebikeintotheofficewithyou,”Hadlandsaid.“Otheranti-theftstrategiesinvolveusingabikethatlookssounattractivethatnobodywillwanttostealit.”1.What’smostspecialabouttheYerka?A.Itusesitsseatasalock.B.Itisdesignedbyacollegestudent.C.Itcanbelockedusingitsownparts.D.Ithasthecyclist’smottoonitsbody.2.What’sCristobalGalban’sattitudetotheYerka?A.Approving.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested. D.Negative.3.WithhiswordsinParagraph4,TonyHadlandaimsto.

A.introducehisanti-theftideasB.explainthedesignofhisbicycleC.showtheadvantageoftheYerkaD.advertisehisbookonbicycledesign4.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat.

A.mostLondonerspreferbikestocarsB.officesinLondonsetasidespaceforbikesC.TonyHadlandusuallygoestoworkbybikeD.Londonersmakeattemptstoavoidbiketheft〚导学号23280086〛Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·吉林榆树第一高级中学期中检测)WhileIwaswatchingTVtheothernightwithmywife,acommercialforanewfabricsoftener(织物柔顺剂)cameon.YouknowtheoneI’m1,thethingyouputinyourdryerinsteadofaddingadryersheet(除静电布).

2speaking,Ihavelittle3insuchaproduct,butitisbeing4asabigtimesaverthatwill5peopletodotheimportantthingsinlife.However,isthat6?Howlongdoesittaketoaddadryersheet?Twoseconds.Andwhatistheworstpossible7offorgettingit?Onlyalittlestatic(静电)onyour8.

Thecommercialmademethinkofallthe9andservicesinourlivesthatareconsideredas“timesavers”.Astheyearsgoby,we10moreandmoreofthese.However,Istillhearanincreasingnumberofpeoplecomplainingthattheydon’thaveanytime.

Howisthispossible?Wehave11towashanddryourclothes,cookourmealsanddoahundredother12.Butwestillcomplainaboutbeingtoo13.

Isitbecausewe’vecometotakethesethingsforgrantedorbecausewe’vemanagedto14thatsavedtimewithothertasks?Ithinkweshouldtakesomeofthesetasksback.Insteadofdrivingyourcardownthestreettothestore,15withthekids.Thusinsteadofa16trip,youcanenjoy30minutesoffamilytime.Howabout17theclothesonthelineinsteadofputtingtheminthedryer?Thenyouwillgiveyourself15minutesinthe18.Bydoingthosetasksinthisway,weendup19ourselvesdownandtakingback20.

1.A.thinkingabout B.talkingaboutC.dealingwith D.lookingfor2.A.Madly B.ExactlyC.Honestly D.Specifically3.A.interest B.patienceC.fun D.delight4.A.admired B.rememberedC.respected D.regarded5.A.request B.rushC.free D.call6.A.interesting B.possibleC.important D.true7.A.goal B.reasonC.outcome D.cause8.A.hands B.shirtsC.shoulders D.hair9.A.experiences B.advantagesC.tools D.products10.A.develop B.proveC.introduce D.command11.A.machines B.servantsC.friends D.parents12.A.ways B.tasksC.lessons D.problems13.A.lazy B.freeC.nervous D.busy14.A.change B.spendC.fill D.take15.A.walk B.talkC.live D.play16.A.lonely B.quickC.long D.tiring17.A.hanging B.washingC.listing D.showing18.A.air B.sunshineC.field D.street19.A.breaking B.turningC.settling D.slowing20.A.hope B.successC.time D.courage〚导学号23280087〛Ⅲ.语篇填空(2018·浙江宁波余姚中学期中检测)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschools.Studentsshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso1.(express)theirgreatconcernaboutit.Expertshope2.wholesocietypaysmoreattentiontothementalhealthofadolescents.

Nowadays,schoolviolenceisahotissue.Ithinkthisisaphenomenon,which3.(call)forourgreatconcern.Weshouldmakeeveryeffort4.(prevent)schoolviolencehappeningatschool,formoreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonal5.(safe)couldnotbeguaranteed.Infact,violencecanbelearned.6.(actual),childrenlearnviolentbehaviorfromadultsorfrom7.theyseeonTVorontheInternet.

IfImeetwithschoolviolence,Iwillnotanswerviolencewithviolence,foritwillresultin8.(much)fighting.Iwilltellmyteachersorparentsaboutit.Ithinktheywillhelpmedealwithitwellandtheywillprotectmefromthebadguys.

Allinall,westudentsshouldbehave9.(we)andkeepaway10.violence.

〚导学号23280088〛Ⅳ.短文改错(2018·山西怀仁八中第二次检测)Asweallknow,mostofourfeelsomehownervouswheneverwe’retakinganexam.Itisnodoubtthatexamsareimportanttous,butit’salsoimportanttohaverightattitudetowardsthem.Asamatteroffact,examsarenomorethanameanofevaluation;however,thereisnoneedtoworrytoomuchabouttheresults.Onlybystudyinghardeverydayandmakegoodpreparationscouldweavoidsufferingfromthepressureofexams.Wehadbettergoingoutforawalkbeforeexams.Inadditionto,havingenoughsleepcanmakeusfullofenergyandmakeitpossibleforustoperformgoodintheexam.〚导学号23280089〛答案：Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文为说明文,题材为日常生活类。担心自行车被偷?不妨来看看由三名智利学生设计的Yerka自行车。他们彻底抛弃传统的外接车锁设计思路,采用了变形自锁车架。1.C细节理解题。由第一段的第一句可知,这种新型自行车的突出特点是它能用自己的部件上锁。2.A推理判断题。由第三段的“ThemainprobleminChileandelsewhereistherobberies,sotheYerkacouldhelpsolvethis...”可知,CristobalGalban对这种新型自行车的发明持肯定态度。3.C推理判断题。综合该段内容可知,TonyHadland意在通过比较,说明Yerka自行车的优点。4.D推理判断题。由该段内容可知,在伦敦,为避免自行车被盗,最有效的方法是把自行车放在办公室,其他方法也包括使用看起来不起眼的自行车。故选D项。Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是议论文。许多能够帮助我们节省时间的新产品出现了,可是我们仍然很忙碌。那么究竟怎样才能让我们放慢脚步呢?1.B本空后是对“我”在上一句中谈到的一种新型织物柔顺剂的进一步说明。2.C根据3空后的but可知,前后两句构成转折关系。说实话,“我”对这样的产品并不感兴趣。但是,它却被认为是一种能够帮助高效节约时间的产品。3.A联系全句可知,“我”对这类商品不感兴趣。4.D联系空后的abigtimesaver可知,这件商品被人们认为可以有效节约时间。5.C它能让人们有时间去做更重要的事。freesbtodosth“使某人有时间做某事”。6.D根据本空后可知,“我”认为不用这种织物柔顺剂,而只用防静电布的话,也只需要两秒钟。所以,这种产品并不能帮助我们节约多少时间。人们的观点似乎是不正确的。7.C如果用防静电布的话,只需要两秒钟的时间。如果不用,最坏的结果可能是什么呢?只不过是衬衫上带点静电罢了。8.B联系前文我们知道,作者在这里讲能带静电的商品,因此B项最合适。9.D这个广告让“我”想起了所有被认为能够帮助我们节约时间的服务和产品。10.A几年来,我们研制了越来越多这样的产品。但“我”还是听到越来越多的人在抱怨没有时间。11.A我们有各种机器帮助我们洗衣做饭,并承担许许多多的其他的工作。12.B从后文...thatsavedtimewithothertasks可以得到提示。13.D但是,我们仍然抱怨自己太忙了。14.C还是因为我们用别的事情占用了节省出来的时间?15.A与本空前driving构成对比:不要开车去商店,而是和孩子们一起走路过去吧。16.B这样,你不是匆匆忙忙地外出,而是享受了30分钟和家人一起的美好时光。17.A根据本空后的内容可判断,作者建议把衣服挂到院子里的晾衣绳上。18.B那么你就会拥有15分钟的时间来沐浴阳光。19.D这样,我们就能放慢匆忙的脚步,并找回我们的时间。20.C从前文的asabigtimesaver我们可以得到提示。Ⅲ.【解题导语】校园暴力这一现象引起了家长和老师的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。1.expressed考查时态。根据该句中的showed可知,该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填expressed。2.the考查冠词。thewholesociety意为“全社会”,为固定用法,故填the。3.calls考查时态和主谓一致。由“Ithinkthisis”可知,应用一般现在时;分析该句结构可知,该句为定语从句,which指代“aphenomenon”,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填calls。4.toprevent考查非谓语动词。“我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生”。makeeveryefforttodosth为固定搭配。5.safety考查名词。根据空处前的theirpersonal可知,空处应填名词safety。6.Actually考查副词。分析该句结构可知,空处修饰全句,做状语,故用副词actually。7.what考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中做see的宾语,故用what。8.more考查比较级。句意:如果我遇到校园暴力,我不会以暴制暴,因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知,空处应使用比较级。9.ourselves考查反身代词。behaveoneself为固定搭配,意为“举止规矩,有礼貌”;根据主语we可知,空处应用反身代词ourselves。10.from考查介词。keepawayfrom为固定搭配,意为“远离”。Ⅳ.Asweallknow