牛津译林版九年级下册英语同步讲义Unit 2 Great people 课时3 Grammar【学生版】

Unit2GreatPeople

Grammar

册:知识精讲

A

掌'知识点01一般现在时与现在进行时教材P26

【用法详解】

一般现在时现在进行时

用法

时态

概念①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。

状态。与often,always,usually,sometimes,—Whatareyoudoing?

onceaweek,everyday等表示频度的副词—IamreadingEnglish.

和时间状语连用。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作或

Ioftentakeabustoschool.我经常坐公持续的状态。

共汽车去上学。Theyarestudyinghardthisterm.他

②表示客观事实或普遍真理。们这学期学习一直很努力。

Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声音Wearepickingapplesonafarm

传播得快。thesedays.这些天我们一直在农

③表示人或物的性质特征或长时间的状场摘苹果。

o

OurEnglishteacherhasbeautifulgolden

hair.我们英语老师有一头漂亮的金发。

构成1)Be(am,is,are)am/is/are+动词的现在分词

2)Do(does)

时间状①表示频度的副词always,often,usually,现在进行时的时间状语有now,these

语sometimes,seldom,never等。days,atpresent,atthemoment等或

②onSunday,onMondayafternoon,every当句子中含有look,listen,canyou

标志词year等时间状语。see,can'tyousee之类的暗示词时，

@onceayear,twiceamonth,threetimesa也用现在进行时。

week之类的时间状语。

特殊用在宾语从句中，从句表示客观事实或真理下列这些动词一般不能用现在进行

法时不管主句是什么时态，永远用一般现在时

时。①表示感觉的动词，如see,hear等

Theteachersaidthattheearthtravels②表示喜欢或厌恶的动词，如

aroundthesun.like,love,hate等;表示希望的动词，

如want,wouldlike等

③表示状态的动词，如be等

④表示归属的动词，如have等

⑤表示思维，知识或理解能力的动

词,如know,think,forget等

【典例讲解】

l.OurPhysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlightfasterthansound.

A.travelsB.travellingC.travelledD.travel

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：我们的物理老师曾经告诉我们光比声音传播快。考查时态和主谓一致。travel旅行；

此处表示光比声音传播快，是客观事实，宾语从句是客观事实或真理时，谓语动词用一般现

在时，此处主语light是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选A。

2.—Hasyourauntfinishedwritinghernovel?

-Notyet.Sheitthesedays.

A.wroteB.writesC.iswritingD.willwrite

【答案】c

【解析】

句意：一你姑姑写完小说了吗?？一现在还没有。这些天她正在写。考查现在进行时。

根据"Notyet.She…itthesedays.”可知，动作还未完成，现在也在做，所以用现在进行时，

故选C。

不

掌、知识点02一般过去时与过去进行时教材P27

【用法详解】

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

1.表示已完成的动作用一般过去时，未完成的动作则用过去进行时。

Iwrotealetterthismorning.我今天早上写了一■封信。

Iwaswritingaletterthismorning.今天早上我正在写一封信。

2.一般过去时侧重于叙述事实，过去进行时则侧重于动作的持续性，从而更具描绘性。

Itsnowedlastnight.Ifsallwhiteoutsidenow.昨晚下了雪，现在外面全白了。

Itwassnowinglastnight,soitwasverycold.昨晚在下雪，所以很冷。

3.两个动作同时发生时，短动作用一般过去时，长动作用过去进行时。

Shewaschattingwithherfriendsonthephonewhenhermothercameback.

她妈妈回来的时候，她正在和朋友在电话里聊天。

4.特殊句型：

1）过去进行时+while+过去进行时

MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.妈妈在做饭而我在写家庭作业。

2）过去进行时+when+一般过去时

Iwassleepingwhenitstartedtorain.当下雨的时候，我正在睡觉。

【典例讲解】

1.一WhenwillUncleSamcometoseeus?

一He'llvisitusthisweekend.Hemethatbyemail.

A.istoldB.wasgoingtotell

C.willtellD.told

【答案】D

【解析】

句意：——山姆大叔什么时候会来看我们？——他这个周末会来看我们。他是通过电子邮件

告诉我的。考查动词时态。根据题干“He…methatbyemail”可知，他是通过电子邮件告诉我

的。动作发生在过去，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式told。故选D。

2.一Johnoffthetreewhileheupit.

一I'msorrytohearthat.

A.fell;wasclimbingB.wasfalling;wasclimbing

C.wasfalling;climbedD.hasfallen;wasclimbing

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——约翰在爬树的时候从树上摔了下来。——听到这个消息我很难过。考查动词时态。

falloff跌落；climbup攀爬。while用于表示主句从句两个同时进行的动作，本句陈述过去

的事情，结合题干，可知John掉下来是在爬树的过程中，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去

进行时。故选A。

4

雯'知识点03一般过去时与现在完成时教材P28

【用法详解】

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：

一般过去时现在完成时

用法

时态

概念1)表示过去某时间发生的动作或1）用于强调一个发生在过去的动作对

存在的状态。现在所产生的影响。

WevisitedafarmlastSunday.Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.

2)表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动Ihavelostmykey.

作。2）用于描述一个发生在过去，并一直

WhenIwasinthecountryside,I延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将

oftenwentswimmingintheriver.来的动作。常和for和since连用。

=WhenIwasinthecountryside,I①Theyhaveworkedinthefactoryfor

usedtogoswimmingintheriver,tenmonths.

(usedtodosth.表示过去常常做②WehavelearnedEnglishsince

某事)nearlythreeyearsago.

构成l）be：was;werehave/has+动词的过去分词

2）行为动词：动词的过去式

时间状语1)yesterday,thedaybefore1)ever>never>yet>already>recently、

yesterdaylately、overtheseyears、uptonow、

2)last...:lastnight,lastweek,last

标志词just>sofar>during/inthepast/lastfew

year,lastmonth等

days/weeks/months/years等。

3)....ago:threeyearsago,twodays

2)Since+时间点

ago等

3)for+时间段=since+时间段

4)其他:in1990,inthepast,the

otherday,atthattime,justnow,this

morning等+ago

【典例讲解】

1.-TofightagainsttheCOVID-19,peopleshouldwearmasksandavoid________inpublic.

-Iagreewithyou.Peopleallovertheworldeachothersofar.

A.gathering;tosupportB.gather;supportingC.gather;supportedD.gathering;have

supported

【答案】D

【解析】

句意：一为了应对新冠肺炎疫情，人们应该戴上口罩，避免在公共场所聚集。一我同意

你的观点。到目前为止，世界各地的人民都相互支持。考查非谓语动词以及动词时态。avoid

doingsth表示“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。根据"sofar”可知，第二空应用现在完成时，故

选D。

2.NeitherJimnorTomAustraliabefore,buttheyknowthecountryverywell.

A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeento

【答案】B

【解析】

句意：Jim和Tom以前都没有去过澳大利亚，但是他们对那个国家非常了解。考查现在完成

时和主谓一致。hasgoneto去了某地，主语为第三人称单数；hasbeento去过某地，主语是

第三人称单数；havegoneto去了某地，主语为第一人称或者是复数；havebeento去过某地，

主语为第一人称或者是复数。根据句意可知，这里表示“去过某地"，先排除A和C。主语是

有Neither…nor连接的，谓语动词的单复数形式应根据就近原则，与Tom一致，用单数，

故选B。

1.have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin的区另！J

(1)have/hasbeento：曾经去过，强调以往的经历。

TheoldmanhasbeentoEgyptwhenhewasyoung.

(2)have/hasgoneto：去了某地，强调还没有回来。

---Whereisyouruncle?-Hehasgonetothesupermarket.

(3)have/hasbeenin：待在某地，住在某地。

Mr.Smithhasbeeninthelabforovertenhours.

2.延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法

(1)现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动

词不能和一段时间连用。

这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。

误：Ihavealreadyborrowedthebookforovertwoweeks.

正：Ihavealreadykeptthebookforovertwoweeks.

非延续性动词延续性动词

buyhave

borrowkeep

openbeopen

closebeclosed

begin/startbeon

comebehere

gobethere

finish/endbeover

diebedead

joinbein/beamemberof

leavebeawayfrom

arrive/reachbehere

getmarriedbemarried

Q能力拓展

一、单项选择

1.一OnlyalittleoftheOldSummerPalace（圆明园）afterthebigfire.

一Whatapity!

A.remainsB.isremainedC.isremainingD.willberemain

2.一I'mnotsureifhetomorrow.

——Don'tworry.Ithinkifhe,hewillgiveyouacall.

A.willcome;willcomeB.willcome;comes

C.comes;willcomeD.comes;comes

3.一Wow,somanyoldmagazinesatyourhome.

-Toomany!Iabouthowtodealwiththem.

A.thinkB.thought

C.amthinkingD.willthink

4.Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou?vejustcomebackfromSanya.I'mcallingtoask.

A.howdidyouvisitthecityB.howmanydaysyou'vespentthere

C.whichhotelhaveyoustayedinSanyaD.howyoufoundtheseafoodthere

5.Chinesescientiststwomonkeyswiththesamegenealready,ZhongZhongandHua

Hua,usingthesametechnologyevertobringusthesheepDolly.

A.produceB.producedC.haveproducedD.willproduce

6.一Overthepast70years,China?shigh-speedrailwayfast.

一Thafstrue.TheprojectofYancheng-NantongHigh-speedRailwaythatgoesthroughRugao

bytheendofthisyear.

A.hasdeveloped;willbecompletedB.isdeveloping;willcomplete

C.hasdeveloped;willcompleteD.isdeveloping;willbecompleted

7.一Iyouhere,butyoudidn'tcome.

一I'msorry.IwassobusythatIforgot.

A.haveexpectedB.amexpectingC.wasexpectingD.wouldexpect

8.一Whydidsomanypeoplegethurtintheearthquake?

一Don'tyouknow?Peoplewhenithappenedthatnight.

A.sleptB.havesleptC.sleepD.weresleeping

9.---Paul,whatwereyoudoingatnineLastnight?

------1amovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.

A.waswatchingB.watchC.havewatchedD.willwatch

10.一Ifsaniceday,isn't?

一Yes.Thesundoesn'tshineeverydayhere,butittoday.

A.shoneB.isshiningC.hasshoneD.wasshining

M分层提分

题组A基础过关练

一、用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.1can'tbelieveit!The12-years-oldboy(make)upsuchamazingmusicthatitison

thetoptenofTikToknow.

2.TheGreatBritaincanbe(divide)intothreemainareas.

3.Usuallythecookingtimeneeded(depend)onthesizeofthepotato.

4.Mum,I(finish)practicingthepiano.MayIgotoplayfootballnow?

5.Wemustrememberthatthemedicalworkers(save)thepatientswiththeviruswhile

wewererestingathome.

6.Hesentmequiteafewmessages,butI(notreply)yetasIdon'tknowwhattosay.

7.Notonlymyparentsbutmylittlesister(prepare)forthebirthdaypartywhenIgothomeas

mybirthdaywasaroundthecomer.

8.Childrenwillsleepmorepeacefullyifthebedroom(paint)blue.

9.Thepriceofgasoline(rise)alotinthepastfewmonths.

lO.Manypeople(lose)theirlivesintheaccident,(include)womenandchildren.

题组B能力提升练

一、完型填空

WhenHelenKellerwas19monthsold,anillnessleftherdeaf,dump（哑巴）andblind.At

theageoffive,shebegantorealizethatshewasdifferentfromotherpeople.Herfamilymembers

could1withtheirmouths,butshecouldn'ttalkwithhermouth.Sometimesshestood

betweenherparentsandtouchedtheir2.Shecouldnotunderstandtheirwords,andshe

couldnotmakeanymeaningfulsounds3.Shewantedtotalk,butnomatterhowshetried,

herfamilymemberscouldnotunderstandher.Thismadeherveryangry.Finally,herparents

decidedtoaskDrBellfor4.

SojustbeforeHelen'sseventhbirthday,withthehelpofDrBell,herparentshireda

private5MissSullivanforher.MissSullivanwascarefultoteachHelen,especiallyshe

taughtHelenthosesubjectsthatshewas6in.

Onemorning,MissSullivancarriedacupinherhandandshetookHelentothepumphouse

（水泵房）.7waspumpingwater（用泵打水）there.MissSullivanledHelentothepump,

putthecupinherhand,andletHelen8itunderthespout（水泵嘴）.Helen'sfirstimpulse

（冲动）wastothrowthecupaway.Butshelikedthefeelingwhenthecoolwaterfloweddown

overherhandintothe9Soshehelditthere,smilingalittle.

ThenMissSullivanheldHelen'sotherhandandbeganto10thewordW-A-T-E

-Ronit.Overandoveragain.11atfirst,thenfaster.SuddenlyHelendroppedthecup.

Shestoodtherequietly,hardly12Insidehermind,anewideabegantospinroundand

round.

"W-A-T-E-R!W-A-T-E-R!Thislovely,coolthing.W-A-T-E-R?1'Shewildlygroped（忙乱地

摸索）forMissSullivan'shand.Hertrembling（颤抖的）13begantospellthewordon

MissSullivan'shand,W-A-T-?Shedidn'tfinishspellingthewordW-A-T-E-R,thenshefeltthat

MissSullivanagreedwithherbypatting（轻拍）herontheshoulder.Helenwas14!That

was"water"!ForthefirsttimeinHelen'slife,she"talkednwithanotherpersoninthis15

way!MissSullivan'seyeswerewetasshecried,"Helen,you'reright!You'vegotit!"

1.A.drinkB.talkC.eatD.bite

2.A.mouthsB.eyesC.nosesD.ears

3.A.himselfB.yourselfC.myselfD.herself

4.A.foodB.wealthC.helpD.trouble

5.A.teacherB.workerC.driverD.writer

6.A.richB.interestedC.successfulD.strict

7.A.SomeoneB.EverybodyC.AnyoneD.Nobody

8.A.findB.holdC.breakD.collect

9.A.bottleB.plateC.bowlD.cup

lO.A.spellB.readC.sayD.explain

ll.A.EasilyB.CarefullyC.SlowlyD.Heavily

B.dancingC.laughingD.singing

13.A.armsB.fingersC.legsD.knees

14.A.politeB.friendlyC.honestD.right

15.A.specialB.modestC.tidyD.common

题组c培优拔尖练

一、阅读理解

A

LiZiqi,avloggerwhoenjoysafanbaseofmorethan21millionpeopleonSinaWeiboand7

millionstrongfollowersonYouTube,hasmadeanameforherselfinhervideosthatshowa

traditionalChinesewayoflifeintheruralareasofSichuanprovince.Hervideoscoverawide

varietyofcrafts（手艺）relatedtotraditionalChineseculture.Frommakingpaperandinkto

weavingcloth,frommakingasilkquilt（被子）forhergrandmothertobuildingherownbreadkiln

withblocks,nothingseemsimpossiblewithLi'scraftyhands.ButLi'smosteye-catchingand

mouth-wateringcraftiscooking.

Liseldomspeaksinhervideos.Instead,Lifocusesonhowsheworkswithherhands.Scenes

ofpickingseasonalingredients（原料）fromherowngardenandturningthemintodishesonher

wood-firedwokareoftenseeninhervideos.Liemphasizestheseasonsinhercooking,asChina's

traditional24SolarTermsalsodo,andmakesfoodsuitablefortheparticularclimate.

“MyheartwarmedupasIwatchedherflipsoybeansinthevideoformakingsoysauce（酱油）.

Iwasreallymoved.IusedtodothiskindofworkwhenIwasyoung,9,commentsWeibouserJuly

ofJiangnan.

“LiZiqiisnotmadewithoutpassion.Withoutpassion,youcannotunderstandLiZiqi,“the

officialSinaWeiboaccountofCCTVcomments.

Li,bornin1990,hasbeenlivingwithhergrandparentsintheruralpartsofMianyang,

Sichuanprovince,sincetheageof6afterherfatherdied.Lihasalwaysbeencraftywithherhands,

havinghelpedwithhergrandfather^carpentry（木工手艺）andgrandmother'shousekeeping.

Afterreturninghomein2012,Liopenedanonlineshop,LiZiqi,tosellmostlyfood.For

bettersales,shebeganmakingshortfilmsin2016abouthowtheseproductswerecreated,while

coveringherlifeintheruralarea.

“IstarteditbecauseIwantedtocreatesomethingforpeopletowatchandrelax.Weareall

underalotofstress.Ihopedthatafteralongandbusyday,theycouldclickonmyvideosand

relievesomeoftheiranxietyandpressure,Lisaid.

Buthervideosdidmorethanthat.Viewersfrombothhomeandabroadarehooked.

“Sheusesthingsthatarecommoninlife,butIneverknowwherethosethingscame

from.Thankyouforgivingmeanopportunitytogettoknowthembetter!^^writesSinaWeibouser

QinFengqin.

“IjustdiscoveredyourvideoslastmonthandI'mhooked.Thankyouforyourinspiringand

relaxingvideos.Becauseofyou,I'velearnedalotaboutChinesecultureandgainedseveralnew

skills,9,writesYouTubeuserOdessaVillareal.

16.ManytraditionalcraftscanbeseeninLiZiqi'svideosEXCEPT.

A.makingpaperB.weavingcloth

C.makingcoffeeD.makingsilkquilt

17.What'sthepossiblereasonwhyLiZiqihasavarietyofcrafts?

A.Shewantstomakepeoplefeelrelaxedandescapefromthestress.

B.ShehasmanyfollowersontheInternetandlearnscraftsfromthem.

C.Shewantstomakepeopleknowwherethosecommonthingscomefrom.

D.Shelivedintheruralareasandlearnedfromhergrandparentswhenshewasachild.

18.WhichofthefollowingsentencesaboutLiZiqiandhervideosisTRUE?

A.LiZiqineverspeaksinhervideosandfocusesoncrafts.

B.LiZiqi'sgrandparentsraisedherbyopeninganonlineshop.

C.LiZiqi'svideoaboutmakingsoysauceremindssomepeopleoftheirpast.

D.LiZiqimakesfoodaccordingtoseasonswithboughtseasonalingredients.

19.TheauthoruseswordsfrombothSinaWeiboandYouTubeinthisarticletoshowthat

A.withoutpassion,youcannotunderstandLiZiqi

B.LiZiqiispopularnotonlyathomebutalsoabroad

C.ourChinesecultureisnowallacceptedbyforeigners

D.weareunderalotofpressureandneedtowatchhervideos

B

WelcometoCCTV-9DuFu:ChinasGreatestPoet

Chinahastheoldestlivingtraditionofpoetryintheworld.AndforChinese,