2021新高考英语一轮复习课时作业29选修6Globalwarming

课时作业29GlobalwarmingⅠ.阅读理解APeopleinFinlandweretheleastlikelytobelievethatpeoplelaughingintheirpresenceweremakingfunofthem.LessthantenpercentofFinnsinthestudysaidtheywouldthinkthat,paredtoeightypercentofpeopleinThailand.Somepeopleinthestudysaidtheyfeltunsureofthemselvesinsocialsituationsbuthidtheirfeelingsofinsecurity(局促不安).Otherssaidtheyavoidedsocialsituationswheretheyhadbeenlaughedatbefore.ThestudyfoundthatpeopleinTurkmenistanandCambodiaweremorelikelytobeinthefirstgroup.Theywouldhidetheirfeelingsofinsecurityiftheywerearoundotherpeople'slaughter.ButpeopleinIraq,EgyptandJordanweremorelikelytotrytoavoidsuchsituationsiftheyfelttheyhadbeenlaughedatbefore.Shypeopleoftenavoidsituationsthatwouldforcethemintoclosecontact(联系)withotherpeople.Theyworrythatsomethingtheysayordowillmakeotherpeoplelaughatthem.Butsomepeopleworrymuchmorethanothers.Theymayhaveanillnesscalledgelotophobia.GelosisaGreekword.Itmeanslaughter.Phobiameansfear.Thisfearoflaughtercanbetrulysadforthosewholivewithit.Itcanaffecthowtheyleadtheirlives.Inthestudy,ateamfromtheUniversityofZurichledmorethanninetyresearchersfromaroundtheworld.Theywantedtounderstandthedifferencebetweennormalshynessandtruegelotophobia.Anotherpurposeofthestudywasnoparethelevelsoffearofbeinglaughedatindifferentcultures.Theresearcherssurveyed(调查)morethantwenty­twothousandpeopleinforty­twodifferentlanguages.Thefindingsappearedinthescientificmagazine本文为说明文，介绍了不同国家的人们对于被嘲笑的不同态度。1．Whatdidthestudyfind?A．Beinglaughedatisamonfear.B．Beinglaughedatisdifferentfromculturetoculture.C．OnlypeopleinTurkmenistanwouldhidetheirfeelingsofinsecurityiftheywerearoundotherpeople'slaughter.D．Thefearofbeinglaughedatisdifferentaroundtheworld.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“芬兰人最不可能相信有人在他们面前大笑是在取笑他们。在研究中，不到10%的芬兰人表示他们会这样认为，而泰国只有80%的人这样认为”可知芬兰人和泰国人对被嘲笑的态度是不同的。第二段中TurkmenistanandCambodiaweremorelikelytobeinthefirstgroup.Theywouldhidetheirfeelingsofinsecurityiftheywerearoundotherpeople'slaughter.ButpeopleinIraq,EgyptandJordanweremorelikelytotrytoavoidsuchsituationsiftheyfelttheyhadbeenlaughedatbefore.对比了伊拉克、埃及和约旦人对被嘲笑的态度也不同。最后一段的Theywantedtounderstandthedifferencebetweennormalshynessandtruegelotophobia.Anotherpurposeofthestudywastoparethelevelsoffearofbeinglaughedatindifferentcultures...在研究中，他们想了解正常害羞和真正的被嘲笑恐惧症之间的区别。这项研究的另一个目的是比较不同文化中害怕被嘲笑的程度。可知，研究发现世界各地的人们对被嘲笑的恐惧是不同的。分析选项可知D项符合题意。2．Shypeopleoftenavoidsituationsthatwouldforcethemintoclosecontactwithotherpeoplebecause________.A．theyhaveadisordercalledgelotophobiaB．itcanaffecthowtheyleadtheirlivesC．theyworrythatsomethingtheysayordowillbelaughedatD．theyworrythatwhattheysayordowillmakeotherpeoplelaughatthem答案：C解析：细节理解题。第三段中的Shypeopleoftenavoidsituationsthatwouldforcethemintoclosecontact(联系)withotherpeople.Theyworrythatsomethingtheysayordowillmakeotherpeoplelaughatthem.可知“害羞的人经常避免那些迫使他们与他人密切接触的情况。他们担心他们说的话或做的事会让别人嘲笑他们”。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C项。3．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3refersto________.A．laughter B．gelotophobiaC．fear D．Phobia答案：B解析：猜测词义题。本段意为“害羞的人经常避免那些迫使他们与他人密切接触的情况。他们担心他们说的或做的事会让别人嘲笑他们。但有些人比别人担心得多些。他们可能有一种叫gelotophobia病。”可知，害怕别人嘲笑的病叫gelotophobia。根据画线词的上文Thisfearoflaughtercanbetrulysadforthosewholivewithit.“这种对笑声的恐惧对于那些生活在其中的人来说是非常糟糕的”，可知“Itcanaffecthowtheyleadtheirlives”中的it指的是上句所说的thisfearoflaughter，也就是“gelotophobia”。因此此处是指“这种对笑声的恐惧(gelotophobia)会影响他们的生活。”，分析选项可知，it是指gelotophobia，因此B项符合题意，故选B项。BAgroupofscientistsaregatheringtodayintheUKtodiscussathickpieceoficethat'scrackinginAntarctica,whichisofthesizeofDelaware.TheiceshelfiscalledLarsenC,anditnowhasa90­milecrackrunningthroughit.Thebigrift(裂缝)isslicingtheiceshelffromtoptobottom.Butthisisnotjustanothersadclimatechangestory.It'smoreplicated.“Alotofthingsaregoingondeepinsidetheice，”saysAdrianLuckman,aglaciologist.Luckmansaysclimatechangeiscertainlyinfluencingthisregion.LarsenCusedtohavetwoneighborstothenorth,LarsenAandLarsenB.Astheairandwaterwarmed,thoseiceshelvesstartedmelting,andthenLarsenAdisappearedin1995andLarsenBin2002.ButthecrackinLarsenCseemstohavehappenedonitsown,fordifferentreasons.LarsenChasmanycracks.Alliceshelvesdo.Thisparticularcrackhasbeenaroundsinceatleastthe1960s.Theunusualpartisthatin2016,thiscrack—andonlythiscrack—startedgrowingquickly.Why?“Well,thatisalittlebitofamysteryandthat'swhyitdrewourattentiontoitself，”saysLuckman.Onepuzzlingaspectishowitmanagedtocutthroughareasofsoftericethatbind(结合)theicefromneighboringglaciersintoonegiantsheet.Startingin2014,thatsofticedidverylittletoslowdownthisrift.Scientistsaresplitonhowimportantthiscrackisforthestabilityofthewholeiceshelf.Somesayifthisgiantsectionbreaksoff,itwon'tmakeadifference.Othersdisagree.“IceshelvesarethegatesofAntarcticainaway,andthegatekeepersofAntarctica.Theiceshelvesarealreadyfloating,soiftheyfallapartitdoesnotimmediatelyaffectsealevel.It'swhattheyholdback—waterfromalltheinlandglaciers—thatcouldbeproblematic.Ifallthewaterpackedinthoseglaciersmadetheirwaytothesea,itcouldsignificantlyraiseglobalsealevel，”saysAlaKhazendar,ageophysicist.本文是一篇说明文。一群科学家正聚集在英国，讨论在南极洲开裂的一块厚厚的冰，其面积与特拉华州相当。4．LarsenC'stwoneighborsdisappearedmainlybecauseof________.A．climatechange B．humanbehaviorC．thecrackinLarsenC D．someunknownreasons答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“climatechangeiscertainlyinfluencingthisregion.LarsenCusedtohavetwoneighborstothenorth,LarsenAandLarsenB.Astheairandwaterwarmed,thoseiceshelvesstartedmelting...in2002”可知，气候变化是LarsenA和LarsenB消失的主要原因。5．WhyisLarsenCspecial?A．Becauseitstillexists.B．Becauseithasmanycracks.C．Becauseoneofitscracksisgrowingrapidly.D．Becauseitisgettingbiggerandbiggerquickly.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Theunusualpartisthatin2016,thiscrack—andonlythiscrack—startedgrowingquickly”可知，LarsenC的特殊之处就是它的一个裂缝在快速变大。6．Whichoneistrueofsoftice?A．Itiseasytocutthrough.B．Itsformingisstillamystery.C．Itcanpreventcrackingtoadegree.D．Itexistsmainlyinsmallpiecesofice.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“areasofsoftericethatbind(结合)theicefromneighboringglaciersintoonegiantsheet...slowdownthisrift”可知，“softice”在某种程度上可以阻止裂缝。7．HowdoesAlaKhazendarfeelabouttheinfluenceofthecrack?A．Heisverycurious. B．Heisunconcerned.C．Heisprettyoptimistic. D．Heiscautiouslyworried.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中AlaKhazendar所说的“thatcouldbeproblematic.Ifallthewaterpackedinthoseglaciersmadetheirwaytothesea,itcouldsignificantlyraiseglobalsealevel”及语境可知，他担心裂缝的影响，故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五Thenegativethoughtsinsideyourheadcanholdyoubackfrommakingnewfriends,connectingwithcolleaguesorsharingyourbrilliantideasinmeetings.Forsomepeople,thesenegativethoughtsbeetoopowerfulandrequireprofessionalattention.__1__Thefollowingaresometipstoquietyourinnercritic.Labelthevoice.Thevoicedoesnotdefineyou.Justidentifyitasanindependententity(实体)andgiveitaname.Callityourunreliablespeaker,yournegativeNellyoryourpassiveBob.__2____3__Negativethinkingcandoalotonyourcentralnervoussystem,causingyoutoreactphysically.__4__Whateveryourresponseis—shakyhands,tremblingvoice,orasweatybrow—aslowbreathinginandaslowerbreathingoutwillhelpfortthecentralnervoussystem.Trustthatthethoughtwillpass.It'sjustathought,andit'sjustnotthatimportant—it'sirrational(不合逻辑的)afterall!__5__Youdon'trealizeyou'reempoweringthosethoughts,gettingintoatugofwarwiththem.Youcanchoosetoacceptitspresenceinthemomentandtrustthatitwillpass.Allinall,don'tletthatvoiceinyourheadtellyouwhattodo.A．Don'twasteenergyfightingit.B．Ignoreyourcentralnervoussystem.C．Slowyourbreathingtocalmyourcentralnervoussystem.D．Forothers,thesenegativethoughtswillpassverysoon.E．Namingthevoicealmostturnsitintosomeoneelse'stalking.F．Haveyoueverstartedgettingnegativethoughtsandsuddenlyfeltphysicallybadtoo?G．Forthemajority,simplewayscanstopthemdiscouragingyoufromconnectingwithothers.文章提供了三条克服内心负面想法的建议：给内心的声音贴标签、调整呼吸以平静中枢神经系统、相信这种想法会过去。1．G解析：空前一句表述对一些人来说，这些消极的想法变得过于强大，需要专业的关注，空后一句表述以下是一些让你内心平静下来的建议；由此可知，该空应是表明这些消极的想法是可以应对的。故G项与此处匹配。2．E解析：本段的小标题是Labelthevoice.(给声音贴标签)，且根据上文的“giveitaname”以及“Callityourunreliablespeaker”可知，我们可以通过将内心的负面想法当作另外的人在说话，以此来转移自己的关注点。由此可知，E项与此处匹配。3．C解析：本空为该段的小标题；根据本段内容尤其是“aslowbreathinginandaslowerbreathingoutwillhelpfortthecentralnervoussystem”(缓慢的吸气和更缓慢的呼气将有助于放松中枢神经系统)可知，C项“放慢你的呼吸来平静你的中枢神经系统”符合本段的主题，故选C。4．F解析：根据空前的“causingyoutoreactphysically”(引起你的身体反应)以及下文中的“shakyhands,tremblingvoice,orasweatybrow”可知，空处前后表述的是身体对中枢神经系统压力过大作出的反应，故F项与此处匹配。5．A解析：根据本段的小标题Trustthatthethoughtwillpass.(相信这个想法将会过去)，并结合空前的“it'sirrational(不合逻辑的)afterall”(毕竟这是不合逻辑的)可知，A项“不要浪费精力去对抗它”符合语境。故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空LiNaisrecognizedwiththehighesthonorinherprofession.ShebecamethefirstAsian­bornplayer__1__(head)totheInternationalTennisHallofFamein2019.Itcannotcoverall__2__Lienduredtoreachthetopofthetennisworld.Asforher,itmeanseverything—the__3__(tear),thetoughtimes,andthepains.Everything__4__(pay)off.Tennishasbeenadynamicstageforsomeofthemost__5__(influence)peopleinsports,fromArthurAshetoSerenaWilliams.LiNaisaworthymemberofthatHall—amodestwomanfromChina,whoseimpactinAsiaisthe__6__(great)．WhenLibeganplayingtennisat8,mostpeopleinChinadidnotevenknowwhatthesportwas.Butwhenshe__7__(win)the2011