辽宁省营口市2023年中考英语试题（附真题答案）

辽宁省营口市2023年中考英语真题一、单选题1．China'spandaYaYafinished____30-daystayinShanghaiafterlandinginChinaandthenwassenttoBeijingZooin____May.A．a;a B．a;the C．the;a D．a;/【解析】【分析】句意：中国的熊猫丫丫在抵达中国后在上海度过了30天，然后在5月份被送到北京动物园。a/an，不定冠词，表泛指，一个；a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母前，an用在元音音素开头的单词或字母前；the，定冠词，表特指，这个/些；那个/些。第一空是修饰名词stay，指30天的停留，表示泛指，30（thirty）是辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a；in加月份，inMay，在5月，不要冠词。故答案为D。

【点评】考查定冠词和零冠词。理解句意并识记冠词的不同用法。2．Thenewly-builtteachingbuildingprovidesthestudents____acomfortablelearningenvironment.A．for B．to C．with D．in【解析】【分析】句意：新建的教学楼为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。for为了；to到；with和……在一起、有；in在……里面。根据句意和固定搭配providesbwithsth，为某人提供某物，可知with符合题意。故答案为C。

【点评】考查介词辨析。理解句意并识记provide的固定用法。3．TheAerospaceSquare____wascompletedlastyearhasbecomeanewtouristattraction.A．which B．who C．whom D．where【解析】【分析】句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。分析句子结构可知，wascompletedlastyear是作定语修饰TheAerospaceSquare，是定语从句，which引导的从句先行词为表示物的词；who、whom引导的从句先行词是表示人的名词，who在从句中做主语或宾语，whom在从句中做宾语；where引导的从句先行词是表示地点的词，在从句中做状语。根据句子的先行词Square可知是物，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故答案为A。

【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记which引导的定语从句的结构和用法。4．Hearingthe19thAsianGameswouldbeheldinHangzhou,China,wecould____controlourfeelingofpride.A．really B．hardly C．nearly D．clearly【解析】【分析】句意：听到第19届亚运会将在中国杭州举行，我们几乎无法控制自己的自豪感。really真的，非常；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；clearly清楚地。根据Hearingthe19thAsianGameswouldbeheldinHangzhou,China.可知心情非常激动，几乎不能控制自豪感，是否定意义，hardly符合句意。故答案为B。

【点评】考查副词辨析。理解句意并是副词ha'rhardly的意义和用法。5．It'sapitythat____myfather____mymotherhastimetoattendmyschool-leavers'party.A．either,or B．neither,norC．both,and D．notonly,butalso【解析】【分析】句意：很遗憾我父亲和我母亲都没有时间参加我的毕业生聚会。either…or要么……要么；neither…nor既不……也不；both…and……和……都；notonly…butalso不但……而且；根据It'sapity很遗憾，可知父母都没有去。故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语辨析。理解句意并识记不同的固定点评的意义，找到符合题意的选项。6．—Students____afewopenquestionsinMs.Li'sclass,didyounoticethat?—Yes,Ithinkshewantedtotraintheirabilityofcreativethinking.A．areasked B．wereaskedC．willbeasked D．shouldbeasked【解析】【分析】句意：在李老师的课.上，学生们被问了几个开放性问题，你注意到了吗？——是的，我想她是想培养他们的创造性思维能力。areasked被问，一般现在时的被动语态；wereasked被问，一般过去时的被动语态；willbeasked将被问，一般将来时的被动语态，shouldbeasked应该被问，含有情态动词的被动语态。根据didyounoticethat?可知句子时态用一般过去时，且主语Students和谓语动词ask之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词。故答案为B。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时被动语态的结构和用法。7．ChatGPTcanmakeaplan____thanwedo.A．muchquickly B．morequickC．evenquick D．farmorequickly【解析】【分析】句意：ChatGPT可以比我们更快地制定计划。根据题干中的than可知句子为比较级句型。空白处是修饰动词make，用副词quickly，其比较级在前面加more，故为morequickly,far，修饰比较级的副词，表示程度。故答案为D。

【点评】考查副词的比较级。注意识记副词修饰动词的用法和比较级的构成及用法。进行比较分析，选择正确答案。8．Tim____TouchingChinaonCCTVwithhisfamilyfrom8:00to9:00lastSaturdayevening.A．waswatching B．willwatch C．watched D．haswatched【解析】【分析】句意：上周六晚上8点到9点，帝姆和家人一起在中央电视台观看《感动中国》。watch观看，动词。waswatching过去进行时；willwatch一般将来时；watched一般过去时态；haswatched现在完成时。根据时间状语from8to9lastSaturdayevening，可知是表示过去某个时间段内一直进行的动作，用过去进行时。故答案为A。

【点评】考查过去进行时。注意时间过去进行时的结构和用法。抓住时间状语是解题的关键。9．—NextSundayismygrandmother'sbirthday.I'mthinkingabout____.—Goodboy!Andpleasegivemybestwishestoher.A．whatpresentIgaveherB．howIcangiveherasurpriseC．ifIhadapartyforherD．wherewillmyfamilyhaveabigmeal【解析】【分析】句意：下个星期天是我奶奶的生日。我在考虑我怎么才能给她一个惊喜。——好孩子！请代我向她致以最美好的祝愿。根据I'mthinkingabout可知空白处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除疑问语序的D选项；这是正在考虑的事情，时态不应用过去时，排除过去时态的AC。B选项howIcangiveherasurprise一般现在时，符合句意。故答案为B。

【点评】考查宾语从句的陈述语序和时态一致。掌握宾语从句陈述语序的用法并注意时态的一致。10．Itisnecessarytoaskyourparentsorteachersforsomeadvice____youmakethefinaldecision.A．because B．unless C．before D．after【解析】【分析】句意：在你做最终决定之前，向你的父母或者老师寻求一些建议是有必要的。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句；after在……之后，引导时间状语从句；根据句意可知是指在做决定之前，要向父母或者老师寻求建议，before符合题意，故答案为C。

【点评】考查连词辨析。注意理解句意和选项的意义，找到符合题意的选项。11．Damingishappytodaybecausehehelped____lookforasetofkeysonhiswayhome.A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody【解析】【分析】句意：大明今天很高兴，因为他在回家的路上帮助了一个人寻找一串钥匙。nobody没有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；根据Damingishappytoday可知大明很高兴，可以推测他是帮助某人，句子是肯定句，用somebody，故答案为C。

【点评】考查代词辨析。理解句意并识记somebody的意义和不同代词的用法区别。12．Scientistswhoarefullof____alwayscomeupwithnewideasandbringgreatchangestoourlife.A．instruction B．instrument C．invention D．introduction【解析】【分析】句意：充满创造力的科学家总是想出新的想法，给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。instruction命令；instrument仪器；invention创造力；发明；introduction介绍。根据comeupwithnewideasandbringgreatchangestoourlife可知科学家们是充满创造力的。故答案为C。

【点评】考查名词辨析。理解句意并识记不同名词的意义，找到符合题意的选项。13．You____requireotherstosolvetheproblemlikeyou.Everyonehashisownway.A．mustn't B．needn't C．maynot D．wouldn't【解析】【分析】句意：你不必要求其他人像你一样解决这个问题。每个人都有自己的方式。mustn't不能，表示禁止；needn't不需要，不必；maynot可能不；wouldn't将不会。根据Everyonehashisownway.可知，每个人的方式不一样，因此不需要要求其他人和你一样。故答案为B。

【点评】考查情态动词。理解句意并识记不同情态动词的意义和needn't的用法。14．—Lingling,howsoonwillyourbrothercomebackfromabroad?—Hmm,____.A．sinceyesterday B．twiceamonthC．foranhour D．inaweek【解析】【分析】句意：——玲玲，你哥哥多久以后能从国外回来？——嗯，一周后。sinceyesterday自从昨天以来，现在完成时的时间状语；twiceamonth每月两次，用于回答howoften提出的询问频率的提问；foranhour一个小时，用于回答howlong提出的时间段的提问；inaweek一周后，表示将来的时间，回答howsoon提出的问句。根据上文howsoonwillyourbrothercomebackfromabroad?可知是将来时，用"in+一段时间，表示将来。故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。理解不同时态和不同疑问词的正确回答。15．____usefulknowledgetheastronautinTiangongClassroomhastaughtus!A．How B．What C．Howa D．Whata【解析】【分析】句意：天宫课堂的航天员教给了我们多么有用的知识啊！句子是感叹句。how和what都可以引导感叹句。结构为：Whata/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！或What+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!本句感叹的中心词是knowledge(知识)，是不可数名词，用what引导感叹句，不用不定冠词。故答案为B。

【点评】考查what引导的感叹句。注意识记what感叹句的结构和knowledge不可数的用法。16．Inorder____theearliestflight,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A．nottomiss B．notmissing C．tomiss D．missing【解析】【分析】句意：为了不错过最早的航班，我妹妹今天早上强迫自己早起。inordertodosth固定搭配，为了做某事，其否定式为inordernottodosth，B、D选项错误。根据mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.可知我妹妹强迫自己早起应是为了不错过最早的航班，A选项项符合题意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词不定式。理解句意并识记固定搭配中动词不定式的用法。17．Becauseofpollution,thislakeisnowtooharmfulto____fish.A．suppose B．transport C．suggest D．support【解析】【分析】句意：由于污染，这个湖现在太有害了，不能养鱼。suppose推断；transport运送；suggest建议；support支持；养活；根据Becauseofpollution可知这个湖因为污染而不能养鱼。故答案为D。

【点评】考查动词辨析。理解句意并识记不同动词的含义，找到符合题意的选项。18．Thefootballmatchwasputoffasaresultofthe____weather.A．wonderful B．exciting C．difficult D．awful【解析】【分析】句意：由于天气恶劣，足球赛被推迟了。wonderful精彩的；exciting令人兴奋的；difficult困难的；awful糟糕的；根据Thefootballmatchwasputoff.可知天气是awful不好，D选项符合语态，故答案为D。

【点评】考查形容词辨析。理解句意并识记awful的意义和用法。19．Thesmellofthesea____memoriesofhischildhood.A．calledat B．calledoff C．calledup D．calledon【解析】【分析】句意：大海的气味唤起了他对童年的回忆。calledat拜访；calledoff取消；calledup打电话；想起，calledon访问。根据Thesmellofthesea…memoriesofhischildhood.结合选项，可知是大海的气味唤起了他对童年的回忆。callup符合题意。故答案为C。

【点评】考查短语辨析。识记不同短语的意义，找到符合题意的选项。理解句意和短语意义是关键。20．—Canyouwaitaminute?Ineedtotakedowntheinformation.—Ofcourse.____.A．Takeyourtime B．MakeyourselfathomeC．Enjoyyourself D．Pleasebeinahurry【解析】【分析】句意：——你能等一下吗?我需要记下这些信息。——当然可以。别急。Takeyourtime慢慢来，别急；Makeyourselfathome别拘束；Enjoyyourself玩得开心；Pleasebeinahurry请快点。根据Canyouwaitaminute?Ineedtotakedowntheinformation.-Ofcourse.可知是告诉对方别急。故答案为A。

【点评】考查情景解决。结合语境，分析选项，选择正确的回答，注意识记常用的日常交际用语。二、完形填空完形填空WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Iwasbullied（欺负）alot.Therewasoneboy,let'scallhimC,whowasthemainperson21．.Everyday,formanyyears,hewouldsaymeanthingstomeand22．mewithhiswords.Itwas23．timeinmylife,andIfeltliketherewasnowayofrunningawayfromit.Yearspassed,andIleft24．.IhadnoideawhathappenedtoC,andIdidn't25．.Ijustwantedtomoveonwithmylifeandforgetaboutwhathappened.Oneday,whenIwastwenty-sixyearsold,Iwaswalkingtothesupermarket.Suddenly,IsawC.Icouldn'tbelieveit.He26．atme,tryingtofindoutwhoIwas.Then,heaskedmeifIwaswhohethoughtIwas.ItoldhimthatIwas27．whohethoughtIwas.Tomysurprise,C28．.ItwasthemosthonestandheartfeltapologyIhadeverheard.Hedidn'thavetosayanything.Hecouldhavejustbehavedinawaythathedidn't29．meandwalkedaway.Buthestoppedmeandapologized.Icouldhearthe30．inhisvoiceforwhathehaddonetomeinthepast.Atthatmoment,I31．himrightaway.Allthehatred（憎恨）and32．Ihadcarriedforyearswasgoneina33．.Iwasacompletely34．andlife-changingmomentforme.Thatexperiencegavemea35．inthegoodnessofpeopleandmadetherestofmydaytrulyamazing.21．A．responsible B．magical C．impossible D．valuable22．A．comfort B．satisfy C．praise D．scare23．A．happy B．pleasant C．difficult D．moving24．A．home B．school C．work D．supermarket25．A．help B．relax C．care D．calm26．A．looked B．shouted C．laughed D．knocked27．A．nearly B．almost C．exactly D．simply28．A．apologized B．cried C．forgot D．communicated29．A．influence B．notice C．bully D．hate30．A．loneliness B．joy C．meaning D．shame31．A．left B．excused C．remembered D．punished32．A．luck B．regret C．happiness D．anger33．A．year B．month C．second D．hour34．A．unclear B．unfriendly C．uncertain D．unexpected35．A．lesson B．hope C．gift D．love【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了作者在中学时被欺负的经历，其中一个叫C的男孩是主要责任人。多年后，作者偶然遇到C，C向作者道歉，这个道歉让作者感到意外和震撼的故事。

【点评】考查故事类阅读。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。21．句意：有一个男孩，让我们称他为C，他是主要责任人。responsible负责任的；magical有魔力的；impossible不可能的；valuable有价值的。根据Iwasbullied(欺负)alot.和whowasthemainperson可知C是主要欺负我的人，故答案为A。22．句意：多年来，他每天都会对我说刻薄的话，并用他的话来吓唬我。comfort舒适；satisfy满意；praise赞扬；scare恐吓。根据Iwasbullied（欺负）alot.和hewouldsaymeanthingstome他对我说刻薄的话可知，这个男孩用语言伤害我。故答案为D。23．句意：那是我生命中的一段艰难的岁月。happy高兴的；pleasant愉快的；difficult艰难的；moving令人感动的。根据Everyday,formanyyears,hewouldsaymeanthingstomeandscaremewithhiswords可知，那段岁月很艰难。故答案为C。24．句意：多年过去，我离开了学校。home家；school学校；work工作；supermarket超市；根据WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Iwasbullied(欺负)alot.可知，以前在学校，后来长大了离开了学校。故答案为B。25．句意：我不知道C发生了什么，当然我也不关心。help帮助；relax使放松；care关心；calm平静；根据Ijustwantedtomoveonwithmylifeandforgetaboutwhathappened.可知忘记发生的事，所以我不关心他。故答案为C。26．句意：他朝我看，想试图找出我是谁。looked看;shouted叫喊；laughed笑；knocked敲。根据常识可知，想找出我是谁，最直接的方式就是看。故答案为A。27．句意：我告诉他，我就是他认为的我。nearly几乎；almost几乎；exactly完全地；simply简单地；根据heaskedmeifIwaswhohethoughtIwas.和ItoldhimthatIwas7whohethoughtIwas.可知这里表示我完全就是他认为的样子，故答案为C。28．句意：令我惊讶的是，他道歉了。apologized道歉；cried哭；forgot忘记；communicated交流；根据ItwasthemosthonestandheartfeltapologyIhadeverheard可知，他道歉了。故答案为A。29．句意：他本可以表现得像他没有注意到我，直接走开。influence影响；notice注意；bully欺负；hate讨厌；憎恨；根据常识可知没注意到就直接走开，故答案为B。30．句意：我能从他的声音中听到，他对过去对我所做的一切感到羞愧。loneliness孤独；joy欢乐；meaning意义；shame羞愧；根据下文Allthehatred（憎恨）and12Ihadcarriedforyearswasgoneina可知他用诚意让我原谅了他，可知这里是他对传记的所作所为感到羞愧。故答案为D。31．句意：我原谅了他。left留下；excused原谅；remembered记住；punished惩罚；根据下文Allthehatred(憎恨)wasgone可知我选择原谅他。故答案为B。32．句意：背负多年的怨恨和愤怒在这一秒全部消失了。luck运气；regret后悔；happiness开心；anger愤怒；生气；根据hatred（憎恨）和and可知这里是和hatrd并列的负面情绪的词，结合上文可知这里是表示愤怒消失了。故答案为D。33．句意：背负多年的怨恨和愤怒在这一秒全部消失了。year年；month月；second秒；hour小时。根据Atthatmoment,I11himrightaway.可知是瞬间就消失了，inasecond瞬间。故答案为C。34．句意：我完全没料到，生活瞬间发生了变化。unclear不清楚的；unfriendly不友好的；uncertain不确定的；unexpected意料之外的。根据Hecouldhavejustbehavedinawaythathedidn't9meandwalkedaway可知C的道歉是作者没有预料到的。故答案为D。35．句意：那次经历让我明白了人是善良的，并让我一天的剩余时间真的很神奇。lesson教训，课；hope希望；gift礼物；love爱；根据inthegoodnessofpeopleandmadetherestofmydaytrulyamazing可知是作者的感悟，因此是学到了一课，故答案为A。三、阅读理解阅读理解WorldPhotographyAwardsExhibitionTime:Wednesday—Sunday:11:00a.m.—4:00p.m.January10,2023—June11,2023Add:19MannIsland,LiverpoolWaterfront,LiverpoolTravelPhotographeroftheYearExhibitionTime:Monday—Saturday:9:00a.m.—5:00p.m.Sunday:11:30a.m.—4:00p.m.October2—28,2023Add:9AbbeySquare,Chester,CheshireBirdPhotographeroftheYear2023ExhibitionTime:February2023—August2023Moreinformationwillbecomingsoon.Anexhibitionof70-80ofthewinningimageswillgoonaninternationaltour.InternationalPhotographyExhibition163Time:Thursday—Sunday:10:00a.m.—5:00p.m.UntilAugust21,2023Add:TheRoyalPhotographicSociety,RPSHouse,337Paintworks,ArnosVale,BristolAtotalof105worksby57photographerswillbeonshow.36．Howmanyexhibitionsarementioned?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.37．WhichcityshouldyougoifyouwanttoseeWorldPhotographyAwards?A．Liverpool. B．Cheshire. C．ArnosVale. D．Bristol.38．IfAliceisfreeonWednesdayinOctober,whichexhibitionisadvisedtoher?A．WorldPhotographyAwards.B．TravelPhotographeroftheYear.C．BirdPhotographeroftheYear2023.D．InternationalPhotographyExhibition163.39．WhatcanweknowaboutBirdPhotographeroftheYear2023?A．Thecostofthetour.B．Theaddressinformation.C．Theexactvisitingtimeforvisitors.D．Thenumberofimagesonthetour.40．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Anaturemagazine. B．Ahealthmagazine.C．Aphotographymagazine. D．Ageographymagazine.【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了四个摄影展的举办时间及地点。

【点评】考查广告布告类阅读。广告类阅读做这种题目先略读题目，再浏览题干，然后带着问题找答案。在阅读时又要特殊留意文中的黑体、大写等。36．细节理解题。根据WorldPhotographyAwardsExhibition、TravelPhotographeroftheYearExhibition、BirdPhotographeroftheYear2023Exhibition和InternationalPhotographyExhibition163可知文中提到世界摄影奖展览、年度最佳旅行摄影师展览、2023年年度鸟类摄影师展览和第163届国际摄影展四个展览。故答案为D。37．细节理解题。根据WorldPhotographyAwardsExhibition的相关信息Add:19MannIsland,LiverpoolWaterfront,Liverpool可知，若想看WorldPhotographyAwards可去利物浦。故答案为A。38．细节理解题。根据TravelPhotographeroftheYearExhibition的相关信息：October2—28，2023可知，如果Alice在十月份有空，那么她可以去参加TravelPhotographeroftheYearExhibition。故答案为B。39．细节理解题。根据BirdPhotographeroftheYear2023Exhibition的相关信息：Anexhibitionof70-80ofthewinningimageswillgoonaninternationaltour.可知，这次国际巡演中有70至80张获奖图像，所以我们可以得知在BirdPhotographeroftheYear2023中获奖的图像的数量。故答案为D。40．推理判断题。根据这四个展会的名称WorldPhotographyAwardsExhibition、TravelPhotographeroftheYearExhibition、BirdPhotographeroftheYear2023Exhibition和InternationalPhotographyExhibition163可知四个展会都和摄影有关，我们最有可能在摄影杂志中找到这篇文章。故答案为C。阅读理解ChenZhougivespopularinspirational（激励的）speechesaroundtheworld.Hetalksabouthisjourneyvisitingover700ofChina'scitiesandclimbingover100mountains.It'sanimpressivethingforanyone,butevenmoresowhenyouknowthatChendoesn'thaveanylegs.Hegetsaroundandclimbsmountainswithhishandsinwoodenboxes.Afterhisparents'divorce（离婚）whenhewaslittle,Chenwasraisedbyhisgrandparents.Theywereverypoorandfromayoungage,Chenwouldgoouttofindwaystomakemoney.Oneday,whileridingatrainherealizedhewasgoinginthewrongdirectionandjumpedofthetrain.Chen'slegswerecutoff.Hewasjust13.Chenstartedtosinginthestreet.Itwastherethathemetthewomanwhowouldbecomehiswife.AbilityMagazinereportedthatsheaskedhim"Doyouneedanyhelpafteryoufinishsinging?"Fromthenon,thetwobegantoseeeachothereverydayandfeelforeachother.Onthe10thanniversary（周年）oftheirwedding（婚礼）,theyclimbedChina'sFiveSacredMountainstogether.Chenhasbecomeatrueinspirationforpeople.In2016heencouragedthethen-11-year-old,GaoZhiyutoclimbmountains.LikeChen,Gaoalsolosthislegsinaterribleaccident.CheninvitedGaotoclimbLaoshanMountainwithhimafterhearinghisstory.Gaolosthislegsinacaraccidentandwasoutofschoolforfouryears,doinghisschoolworkinthehospital.Beforethis,Gaohadneverclimbedamountain.Buttogethertheyclimbedasummit（顶峰）900metershigh.Chenreallyshowsthepowerofthehumanspirit!41．WhatistalkedaboutinChenZhou'sspeeches?A．Hisdreamofclimbingmoremountains.B．Hispleasureofsinginginthestreet.C．Hisjourneyvisitingcitiesandclimbingmountains.D．Howhemadealivingbyclimbingover100mountains.42．HowdidChenZhoulosehislegs?A．Hewasbornwithoutlegs.B．Helosttheminatrainaccident.C．Hewashurtinacaraccident.D．Helostthembecauseofadisease.43．WhendidChenmeethiswife?A．Whilehewasworkingasastreetmusician.B．WhenhewasinterviewedbyAbilityMagazine.C．Whenhewasattendingsomebody'swedding.D．WhilehewasclimbingChina'sFiveSacredMountains.44．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Itisveryimportanttohavebigdreams.B．ChenZhouisnottheonlypooroneintheworld.C．ChenZhouinspirespeopletogetoverdifficulties.D．Specialpeoplecanalsomakegreatachievements.45．WhichwordcanbestdescribeChenZhou?A．Strong-minded. B．Ill-minded. C．Small-minded. D．Absent-minded.【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了失去双腿的陈舟访问了中国700多个城市，爬了100多座山的故事。

【点评】考查人物传记类阅读。段落大意题不能只凭文段中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读整段的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取本段内含的信息。41．细节理解题。根据ChenZhougivespopularinspirational(激励的)speechesaroundtheworld.Hetalksabouthisjourneyvisitingover700ofChina'scitiesandclimbingover100mountains.可知陈舟的演讲谈到了他参观城市和爬山的旅行。故答案为C。42．细节理解题。根据Onedaywhileridingatrainherealizedhewasgoinginthewrongdirectionandjumpedofthetrain.Chen'slegswerecutoff.可知陈舟在一次火车事故中失去了双腿。故答案为B。43．细节理解题。根据Chenstartedtosinginthestreet.Itwastherethathemetthewomanwhowouldbecomehiswife.可知陈舟在做街头音乐家的时候遇见了他的妻子。故答案为A。44．段落大意题。根据最后一段In2016heencouragedthethen-11-year-old，GaoZhiyutoclimbmountains.可知最后一段主要讲了陈舟激励人们克服困难。故答案为C。45．推理判断题。根据Hetalksabouthisjourneyvisitingover700ofChina'scitiesandclimbingover100mountains.It'sanimpressivethingforanyone,butevenmoresowhenyouknowthatChendoesn'thaveanylegs.和短文内容可知失去双腿的陈舟访问了中国700多个城市，爬了100多座山的故事可推断出他是坚强的。故答案为A。阅读理解Thousandsofrunnerstiedtheirrunningshoesandrushedoutfromthestartinglinewhilecrowdscheeredalongthecourse.Marathons(马拉松)inChinaaregettingpopularagain.AccordingtotheChineseAthleticsAssociation,atotalof133marathonsacrossthecountryhavebeenregistered(注册)forthefirstsixmonthsoftheyear.OnMarch26,morethan300,000runnerstookpartin26marathonracesnationwide,reportedChinaDaily.Teenagershavealsotakenpartinmarathons.XuQian,a15-year-oldfromSuqian,Jiangsu,lovesrunning.Hegotfirstplaceinthe5-kilometerHappyRunoftheJingdongSuqianMarathonheldonApril2.ForXu,theracemeantmonthsoftrainingandpreparation.Heranabout30to40kilometersinlocalstadiumseachweekaheadoftherun."Unlikethe800-meterrunatschoolwhichismoreaboutspeed,amarathontestsarunner'sendurance(耐力)andpsychologicalquality(心理素质),"hetoldTeens.Whenhefelttiredduringtherace,hetoldhimselfnottogiveup."Inlongdistancerunning,theonlyopponentyouhavetobeatisyourself,"Xuadded.Apartfromone'swillpower,kindnessfromthecrowdsalsoplaysabigpartinhelpingrunnersgettothefinishline.LiZhouzifromShanxitookpartina3-kilometerKidRunoftheBerlinMarathoninGermanyin2019whenshewas10.Thecheersfromthepeoplealongthecoursereallyencouragedher."Whenthingswerehard,peoplefromacrosstheworldcheeredmeon.Evenifitwasjustthewords,‘keepitup',itmeantalottomeandenabledmetokeepgoingtotheend,"LitoldTeens.Shebelievesthatrunningamarathonisaboutfocusingonthefinalgoal,notthesufferingalongtheway."Similarly,ourlifeisalsoamarathon,"Lisaid.46．ThenumbersinParagraph2showthat____.A．marathonsaregettingbiginChinaB．ourphysicalfitnessisgettingbetterC．moreandmoreyoungpeopleloverunningD．Chinaisholdingtoomanymarathonsthisyear47．WhatinformationcanwelearnaboutXuQian?A．Hewasnolongerateenager.B．Hedidmuchtrainingandpreparation.C．Hegotfirstplaceinlocalstadiums.D．Hedidn'tfeeltiredinthemarathon.48．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"opponent"inParagraph5mean?A．Someonewhoalwayscontrolsyou.B．Someonewhoneverrefusesyou.C．Someonewhocompetesagainstyou.D．Someonewhooftencheersyouon.49．WhatdidLiZhouzithinkofthecrowds'cheering?A．Itmadeherlosefocus.B．Itmadeherfeelbored.C．Itdidn'tmatteragreatdealtoher.D．Itmadeherholdon.50．WhatisLiZhouzi'sattitudetowardlife?A．Allthepainandtearsarelife'sgifts.B．Painandsufferingarenotimportantatallinourlife.C．Thesufferingismoreimportantthanthefinalresult.D．Centeronthegoalanddon'tbeafraidofthedifficulties.【解析】【分析】短文大意：本主要写了中国马拉松比赛的流行和参与者的经历。参与者表示，马拉松考验的是一个人的耐力和心理，素质。参加马拉松比赛是专注于最终目标，而不是途中的痛苦。

【点评】考查社会活动类阅读。细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据等细节信息。46．细节理解题。根据AccordingtotheChineseAthleticsAssociation,atotalof133marathonsacrossthecountryhavebeenregistered(注册)forthefirstsixmonthsoftheyear.OnMarch26,morethan300,000runnerstookpartin26marathonracesnationwide,reportedChinaDaily.可知第2段中的数字表明马拉松在中国越来越流行。故答案为A。47．细节理解题。根据第三段ForXu,theracemeantmonthsoftrainingandpreparation.Heranabout30to40kilometersinlocalstadiumseachweekaheadoftherun.可知徐谦做了大量的训练和准备。故答案为B。48．词义猜测题。根据上文Whenhefelttiredduringtherace,hetoldhimselfnotogiveup."Inlongdistancerunning,theonlyopponentyouhavetobeatisyourself,"Xuadded.当他在比赛中感到疲倦时，他告诉自己不要放弃。徐补充道:"在长跑中,你唯一要打败的______就是你自己。联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词opponent的意思应为:"对手"，即与你竞争的人，C选项符合词义。故答案为C。49．细节理解题。根据Whenthingswerehard,peoplefromacrosstheworldcheeredmeon.Evenifitwasjustthewords，'keepitup',itmeantalottomeandenabledmetokeepgoingtotheend,'"LitoldTeens.可知人群的欢呼让李周子坚持了下来。故答案为D。50．细节理解题。根据Shebelievesthatrunningamarathonisaboutfocusingonthefinalgoal,notthesufferingalongtheway.Similarly,ourlifeisalsoamarathon,"Lisaid.可知李周子对生活的态度是:以目标为中心，不要害怕困难。故答案为D。阅读理解Recently,researchersinIsraelhavedoneanexperimentandfoundthatgoldfishareabletonavigate(导航)onlandafterreceivingaround10drivinglessons.TheexperimentwasperformedbyaresearchteamattheBen-GurionUniversity.Itwasmadetoseewhethergoldfishcouldfindtheirwayinaverydifferentenvironment.Researchersdevelopedaroboticcarthatcoulddriveforward,backwardandfromsidetoside.TheycalledthecarFOV—"FishOperatedVehicle"(鱼驱动车).AgoldfishwasplacedinsideawaterboxontheFOV.Usingasetofwheelswithacamerasystem,theFOVrecordedthefish'smovementsandswimmingdirections,andthenmovedinthesamedirection.Thescientistsworkedwithsixdifferentgoldfish.Theyplacedthecarinasmallroomwithapinktarget(目标)ononeside.Thefishwouldgetfoodwhenthecartouchedthetarget.Afterafewdaysoftraining,thefishnavigatedtothetarget.Atfirst,ittookthemabouthalfanhourtodrivetothetarget.Butbytheendoftheexperiment,theywereabletocompletethesametaskinlessthanaminute.ShacharGivon,oneoftheresearchers,said,"Asanyonewhohastriedtolearnhowtorideabikeortodriveacarknows,itischallengingatfirst."Notonlydidthegoldfishshowthattheycoulddrivetothetarget,buttheyalsoweren'tfooledbyfalsetargetsofothercolors.Theywerealsoabletogetfreewhenthecarhitawall.Althoughthefishmaynothaverealizedtheyweremovingonland,theseresultsshowthatafishhastheabilitytonavigateoutsideitsnatureenvironmentofwater.Itcanenrichscientificknowledgeofanimals'navigationskills.51．Whatisthepurposeofthegoldfishexperiment?A．Toseeifgoldfishcouldtelldifferentcolors.B．Toseeifgoldfishcouldfindfoodandlivingplaces.C．Toseeifgoldfishcouldnavigateinadifferentenvironment.D．Toseeifgoldfishcouldrideabikeordriveacarlikehumans.52．WhatcanbelearnedabouttheFOV?A．Itwasplacedinsideawaterbox.B．Itcouldfollowthefish'smovements.C．Itwasdrivenbyacamerasystem.D．Itcouldcontrolthefish'sdirections.53．Thegoldfishwouldgetfoodaslongasthecar____.A．touchedthepinktargetB．movedinthesmallroomfreelyC．avoidedhittingawallD．touchedthetargetsofothercolors54．WhatcanwelearnfromShacharGivon'swords?A．Itwasimportantforthegoldfishtodriveacar.B．Itwasimpossibleforthegoldfishtonavigate.C．Itwasmeaninglessforthegoldfishtobetrainedatfirst.D．Itwashardforthegoldfishtoreachthetargetatthestart.55．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GoodUseofaRoboticCarB．AnExperimentonAnimalsC．Goldfish'sAbilitytoNavigateonLandD．Goldfish'sSkillstoDriveaCaronLand【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了科学家们通过实验证明金鱼有导航能力。

【点评】考查科普类阅读。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。51．细节理解题。根据TheexperimentwasperformedbyaresearchteamattheBen-GurionUniversity.Itwasmadetoseewhethergoldfishcouldfindtheirwayinaverydifferentenvironment.可知金鱼实验的目的是看金鱼能否在不同的环境中导航。故答案为C。52．细节理解题。根据AgoldfishwasplacedinsideawaterboxontheFOV.Usingasetofwheelswithacamerasystem,theFOVrecordedthefish'smovementsandswimmingdirections可知FOV可以跟踪鱼的运动。故答案为B。53．细节理解题。根据Theyplacedthecarinasmallroomwithapinktarget(目标)ononeside.Thefishwouldgetfoodwhenthecartouchedthetarget.可知只要汽车碰到粉红色的目标，金鱼就会得到食物。故答案为A。54．推理判断题。根据Atfirst,ittookthemabouthalfanhourtodrivetothetarget.Butbytheendoftheexperiment,theywereabletocompletethesametaskinlessthanaminute.ShacharGivon,oneoftheresearchers,said,"Asanyonewhohastriedtolearnhowtorideabikeortodriveacarknows,itischallengingatfirst."可知一开始金鱼很难到达目标。故答案为D。55．主旨大意题。根据Recently,researchersinIsraelhavedoneanexperimentandfoundthatgoldfishareabletonavigate(导航)onlandafterreceivingaround10drivinglessons.和短文内容可知本文主要讲述了科学家们通过实验证明金鱼有导航能力。结合选项，可知C：Goldfish'sAbilitytoNavigateonLand金鱼在陆地上的导航能力，符合题意。故答案为C。四、任务型阅读从A-E五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中，使短文内容完整、正确。Doyouhaveasleepproblem?56．Youmayneedtoseemoresunlight,especiallyinthemorning,accordingtoastudy.AteamofresearchersfromNewYork,USdidthestudy,reportedYahooNews.Theteamdidastudyon109officeworkersacrosstheUS.Someoftheworkerssawlotsoflightduringthemorninghours,between8a.m.andlunchtime.57．Theyalsofellasleepmorequicklyatnight.58．Researcherssayithelpsussetour"bodyclock".Whenthereislessandlesssunlightattheendoftheday,ourbodystartstomakemelatonin(褪黑素).Itmakesusfeelsleepysothatweknowit'stimetogotobed.59．Butduringtheday,sunlighttellsourbodytomakelessmelatoninsothatwecanstayawakeanddoourwork.Researcherssuggestthatweshouldsee15minutesofsunlightinthemorning.60．A.Whyissunlightsoimportanttooursleep?B.Theresearchersfoundthattheseworkershadabettersleepthanotherworkers.C.Ifyoudo,hereisasimplewaytohelpyouimproveyoursleep.D.Itcanhelpbalancethemelatonininourbodies.E.Ourbodymakesthemostmelatoninatnight.【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了阳光可以帮助我们改善睡眠。

A.Whyissunlightsoimportanttooursleep?为什么阳光对我们的睡眠如此重要？

B.Theresearchersfoundthatthese