国家义务是公民权利的根本保障国家与公民关系新视角

国家义务是公民权利的根本保障国家与公民关系新视角一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《国家义务是公民权利的根本保障：国家与公民关系的新视角》这篇文章旨在探讨国家与公民之间的相互关系，特别是从国家义务的角度分析其对公民权利的根本保障作用。文章首先概述了国家与公民关系的传统观点，即国家拥有权力，公民享有权利，但这种观点往往忽视了国家在保障公民权利方面的义务。在此基础上，文章提出了一个新的视角，即国家义务是公民权利的根本保障，并从多个方面进行了深入的分析和论证。Thearticle"Stateobligationsarethefundamentalguaranteeofcivilrights:anewperspectiveontherelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizens"aimstoexplorethemutualrelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizens,especiallyanalyzingitsfundamentalroleinsafeguardingcivilrightsfromtheperspectiveofstateobligations.Thearticlefirstoutlinesthetraditionalviewoftherelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizens,thatis,thestatehaspowerandcitizensenjoyrights,butthisviewoftenoverlookstheobligationofthestatetosafeguardtherightsofcitizens.Onthisbasis,thearticleproposesanewperspectivethatstateobligationsarethefundamentalguaranteeofcivilrights,andconductsin-depthanalysisandargumentationfrommultipleaspects.文章首先界定了国家义务和公民权利的内涵，明确了国家义务包括提供法律保障、促进经济社会发展、保障公民基本生活等多个方面。接着，文章通过案例分析和理论阐述，论证了国家义务在保障公民权利方面的重要作用。例如，在提供法律保障方面，国家通过制定和实施法律，保障公民的人身安全、财产安全等基本权利；在促进经济社会发展方面，国家通过制定和实施相关政策，为公民提供就业机会、提高生活水平等；在保障公民基本生活方面，国家通过提供社会保障、医疗服务等，确保公民的基本生活需求得到满足。Thearticlefirstdefinestheconnotationsofstateobligationsandcitizenrights,andclarifiesthatstateobligationsincludeprovidinglegalprotection,promotingeconomicandsocialdevelopment,andensuringthebasiclivelihoodofcitizens.Furthermore,thearticledemonstratestheimportantroleofstateobligationsinsafeguardingtherightsofcitizensthroughcaseanalysisandtheoreticalexposition.Forexample,inprovidinglegalprotection,thestateensuresthebasicrightsofcitizens,suchaspersonalsafetyandpropertysafety,throughtheformulationandimplementationoflaws;Inpromotingeconomicandsocialdevelopment,thestateformulatesandimplementsrelevantpoliciestoprovideemploymentopportunitiesandimprovelivingstandardsforcitizens;Intermsofensuringthebasiclivelihoodofcitizens,thestateensuresthattheirbasiclivingneedsaremetbyprovidingsocialsecurity,medicalservices,etc.文章还从理论和实践两个层面探讨了国家义务与公民权利之间的关系。在理论层面，文章指出国家义务与公民权利是相互依存、相互促进的，国家义务的履行有助于实现公民权利的保障和扩大，而公民权利的保障和扩大又反过来促进国家义务的履行。在实践层面，文章通过分析国内外相关案例，揭示了国家义务在保障公民权利方面的实际效果和挑战，并提出了相应的对策建议。Thearticlealsoexplorestherelationshipbetweenstateobligationsandcivilrightsfromboththeoreticalandpracticalperspectives.Atthetheoreticallevel,thearticlepointsoutthatstateobligationsandcivilrightsareinterdependentandmutuallyreinforcing.Thefulfillmentofstateobligationshelpstosafeguardandexpandcivilrights,whichinturnpromotesthefulfillmentofstateobligations.Atthepracticallevel,thearticlerevealsthepracticaleffectsandchallengesofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcitizenrightsbyanalyzingrelevantcasesathomeandabroad,andproposescorrespondingcountermeasuresandsuggestions.《国家义务是公民权利的根本保障：国家与公民关系的新视角》这篇文章旨在通过新的视角审视国家与公民之间的关系，强调国家义务在保障公民权利方面的重要作用，为构建更加和谐、公正的社会提供理论支持和实践指导。Thisarticleaimstoexaminetherelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizensfromanewperspective,emphasizingtheimportantroleofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcitizenrights,andprovidingtheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforbuildingamoreharmoniousandjustsociety.二、国家义务的内涵与特征TheConnotationandCharacteristicsofStateObligations国家义务，指的是国家为保障公民权利、促进社会进步、维护国家安全和稳定所承担的法律责任和义务。它是公民权利得以实现的根本保障，也是现代法治国家的基石。国家义务的内涵丰富，包括但不限于以下几个方面：Nationalobligationsrefertothelegalresponsibilitiesandobligationsundertakenbythestatetosafeguardcivilrights,promotesocialprogress,maintainnationalsecurityandstability.Itisthefundamentalguaranteefortherealizationofcivilrightsandthecornerstoneofmodernruleoflawcountries.Theconnotationofstateobligationsisrich,includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowingaspects:国家义务体现了国家对公民权利的尊重和保护。国家作为公权力的代表，其首要职责就是保障公民的各项基本权利，如生命权、财产权、言论自由等。国家必须制定并执行相应的法律法规，确保公民权利不受侵犯，并在公民权利受到侵害时提供必要的救济。Nationalobligationsreflecttherespectandprotectionofcitizenrightsbythestate.Asarepresentativeofpublicpower,theprimaryresponsibilityofthestateistosafeguardthebasicrightsofcitizens,suchastherighttolife,property,freedomofspeech,etc.Thestatemustformulateandimplementcorrespondinglawsandregulationstoensurethatcitizens'rightsarenotinfringedupon,andprovidenecessaryremedieswhentheirrightsareinfringedupon.国家义务体现了国家对社会的责任与担当。国家不仅要关注公民个体的权利，还要关注社会的整体福祉和进步。国家需要承担起促进经济发展、改善民生、保护环境等社会责任，为公民创造更好的生活条件和环境。Nationalobligationsreflecttheresponsibilityandresponsibilityofthestatetowardssociety.Thestateshouldnotonlypayattentiontotherightsofindividualcitizens,butalsototheoverallwell-beingandprogressofsociety.Thecountryneedstotakeonsocialresponsibilitiessuchaspromotingeconomicdevelopment,improvingpeople'slivelihoods,andprotectingtheenvironment,inordertocreatebetterlivingconditionsandenvironmentforcitizens.再次，国家义务体现了国家对国家安全和稳定的维护。国家安全是国家生存和发展的前提，也是公民权利得以保障的基础。国家需要制定并执行严格的安全法规，防范和打击各种危害国家安全的行为，确保国家的稳定和繁荣。Onceagain,nationalobligationsreflectthemaintenanceofnationalsecurityandstabilitybythestate.Nationalsecurityisaprerequisiteforthesurvivalanddevelopmentofacountry,aswellasthefoundationforsafeguardingtherightsofcitizens.Thecountryneedstoformulateandimplementstrictsecurityregulations,preventandcombatvariousbehaviorsthatendangernationalsecurity,andensurethestabilityandprosperityofthecountry.国家义务的特征主要表现在以下几个方面：一是法定性，即国家义务来源于法律规定，具有强制性和约束力；二是普遍性，即国家义务适用于所有公民，不分种族、性别、宗教信仰等；三是平等性，即国家义务对所有公民一视同仁，不得有任何歧视；四是可救济性，即当国家未能履行其义务导致公民权利受到侵害时，公民有权寻求法律救济。Thecharacteristicsofstateobligationsmainlymanifestinthefollowingaspects:first,legality,thatis,stateobligationscomefromlegalprovisionsandhavemandatoryandbindingforce;Thesecondisuniversality,whichmeansthatstateobligationsapplytoallcitizensregardlessofrace,gender,religiousbeliefs,etc;Thethirdisequality,whichmeansthatthestatehasanobligationtotreatallcitizensequallywithoutanydiscrimination;Thefourthisremedial,whichmeansthatwhenthestatefailstofulfillitsobligationsandcausesinfringementofcivilrights,citizenshavetherighttoseeklegalremedies.国家义务是公民权利得以实现的根本保障，具有深厚的法治内涵和社会价值。在现代法治国家中，国家义务不仅是国家的重要职责和使命，也是公民权利保障的重要基石。Nationalobligationsarethefundamentalguaranteefortherealizationofcivilrights,withprofoundlegalconnotationsandsocialvalues.Inmodernruleoflawcountries,stateobligationsarenotonlyanimportantresponsibilityandmissionofthestate,butalsoanimportantcornerstoneforsafeguardingcitizenrights.三、公民权利的内涵与保障现状Theconnotationandprotectionstatusofcivilrights公民权利是指公民根据宪法和法律所规定、享有的权利。这些权利包括但不限于生存权、发展权、受教育权、工作权、言论自由、宗教信仰自由等。这些权利是公民作为社会成员的基本权益，是构建和谐社会、实现社会公正的重要基石。CivilrightsrefertotherightsthatcitizensenjoyinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandlaws.Theserightsincludebutarenotlimitedtotherighttosurvival,development,education,work,freedomofspeech,religiousbelief,etc.Theserightsarethefundamentalrightsofcitizensasmembersofsocietyandanimportantcornerstoneforbuildingaharmonioussocietyandachievingsocialjustice.然而，在现实生活中，公民权利的保障现状并不尽如人意。虽然我国宪法和法律对公民权利有明确规定，但在实际操作中，公民权利受到侵害的现象时有发生。比如，在一些地方，公民的言论自由、宗教信仰自由等受到限制，公民的生存权、发展权等受到威胁。这些问题的存在，不仅影响了公民的正常生活，也阻碍了社会的健康发展。However,inreallife,theprotectionofcivilrightsisnotentirelysatisfactory.AlthoughtheConstitutionandlawsofourcountryhaveclearprovisionsontherightsofcitizens,inpracticaloperation,thephenomenonofinfringementofcivilrightsoftenoccurs.Forexample,insomeplaces,citizens'freedomofspeechandreligiousbeliefsarerestricted,andtheirrightstosurvivalanddevelopmentarethreatened.Theexistenceoftheseproblemsnotonlyaffectsthenormallifeofcitizens,butalsohindersthehealthydevelopmentofsociety.为了保障公民权利，国家有义务制定和完善相关法律法规，加强公民权利保护的制度建设。同时，国家还有义务加强对公民权利保障的监督，确保公民权利得到有效保障。只有这样，才能真正实现公民权利的全面保障，推动社会的和谐稳定发展。Inordertoprotecttherightsofcitizens,thestatehastheobligationtoformulateandimproverelevantlawsandregulations,andstrengthentheinstitutionalconstructionofcitizenrightsprotection.Atthesametime,thestatealsohasanobligationtostrengthensupervisionovertheprotectionofcitizens'rightsandensurethattheirrightsareeffectivelyprotected.Onlyinthiswaycanwetrulyachievecomprehensiveprotectionofcivilrightsandpromotetheharmoniousandstabledevelopmentofsociety.当然，公民权利的保障并不仅仅依赖于国家的力量，公民自身也有责任和义务去维护自己的权利。公民应该积极学习法律知识，提高自己的权利意识，当自己的权利受到侵害时，应该勇敢站出来维权。只有这样，公民权利才能得到更好的保障。Ofcourse,theprotectionofcivilrightsdoesnotonlyrelyonthepowerofthestate,butalsoontheresponsibilityandobligationofcitizensthemselvestosafeguardtheirrights.Citizensshouldactivelylearnlegalknowledgeandenhancetheirawarenessoftheirrights.Whentheirrightsareviolated,theyshouldbravelystanduptodefendtheirrights.Onlyinthiswaycancivilrightsbebetterprotected.公民权利的内涵丰富多样，是构建和谐社会、实现社会公正的重要基石。然而，在现实生活中，公民权利的保障现状并不尽如人意。为了保障公民权利，国家和公民都需要付出努力。国家需要制定和完善相关法律法规，加强公民权利保护的制度建设；公民需要积极学习法律知识，提高自己的权利意识，当自己的权利受到侵害时，应该勇敢站出来维权。只有这样，公民权利才能得到更好的保障，社会才能更加和谐稳定。Theconnotationofcivilrightsisrichanddiverse,anditisanimportantcornerstoneforbuildingaharmonioussocietyandachievingsocialjustice.However,inreallife,theprotectionofcivilrightsisnotentirelysatisfactory.Inordertoprotecttherightsofcitizens,boththestateandcitizensneedtomakeefforts.Thecountryneedstoformulateandimproverelevantlawsandregulations,strengthentheinstitutionalconstructionofcitizenrightsprotection;Citizensneedtoactivelylearnlegalknowledgeandimprovetheirawarenessoftheirrights.Whentheirrightsareviolated,theyshouldbravelystanduptodefendtheirrights.Onlyinthiswaycancivilrightsbebetterprotectedandsocietybemoreharmoniousandstable.四、国家义务与公民权利的关系Therelationshipbetweennationalobligationsandcivilrights国家义务与公民权利之间的关系是相辅相成的，互为依存，互为保障。国家义务不仅是公民权利的根本保障，也是社会和谐稳定、文明进步的重要基石。公民权利的充分实现，又反过来要求国家积极履行其义务，为公民权利的行使提供必要条件。Therelationshipbetweennationalobligationsandcivilrightsiscomplementary,interdependent,andmutuallyguaranteed.Nationalobligationsarenotonlythefundamentalguaranteeofcivilrights,butalsoanimportantcornerstoneofsocialharmony,stability,andcivilizedprogress.Thefullrealizationofcivilrights,inturn,requiresthestatetoactivelyfulfillitsobligationsandprovidenecessaryconditionsfortheexerciseofcivilrights.国家义务的存在是公民权利得以实现的前提。国家通过制定和实施法律，保障公民的基本权利，如生命权、财产权、言论自由等。同时，国家还负有提供公共服务、维护社会秩序、保障国家安全的义务，这些都是公民权利得以实现的必要条件。没有国家的积极作为，公民权利的实现就会受到严重阻碍。Theexistenceofstateobligationsisaprerequisitefortherealizationofcivilrights.Thestateguaranteesthebasicrightsofcitizens,suchastherighttolife,property,freedomofspeech,etc.,byformulatingandimplementinglaws.Atthesametime,thestatealsohastheobligationtoprovidepublicservices,maintainsocialorder,andensurenationalsecurity,allofwhicharenecessaryconditionsfortherealizationofcivilrights.Withouttheactiveactionofthestate,therealizationofcivilrightswillbeseriouslyhindered.公民权利的行使也反过来要求国家履行其义务。公民在行使权利时，需要国家的支持和保障。例如，公民在行使言论自由权时，需要国家保护其免受无理压制和打击；公民在行使财产权时，需要国家提供公正的法律环境和有效的司法保障。公民权利的充分实现，需要国家义务的积极履行。Theexerciseofcivilrightsinturnrequiresthestatetofulfillitsobligations.Citizensneedthesupportandprotectionofthestatewhenexercisingtheirrights.Forexample,whencitizensexercisetheirrighttofreedomofspeech,theyneedtobeprotectedbythestatefromunreasonablesuppressionandattacks;Citizensneedthestatetoprovideafairlegalenvironmentandeffectivejudicialprotectionwhenexercisingtheirpropertyrights.Thefullrealizationofcivilrightsrequirestheactivefulfillmentofstateobligations.国家义务与公民权利的关系还体现在二者的相互促进上。国家义务的履行，可以促进公民权利的实现，进而激发公民的社会责任感和参与意识，推动社会文明进步。而公民权利的充分实现，又可以激发公民的积极性、主动性和创造性，为国家的发展提供源源不断的动力。Therelationshipbetweennationalobligationsandcivilrightsisalsoreflectedintheirmutualpromotion.Thefulfillmentofnationalobligationscanpromotetherealizationofcitizenrights,therebystimulatingcitizens'senseofsocialresponsibilityandparticipationconsciousness,andpromotingsocialcivilizationprogress.Thefullrealizationofcivilrightscanstimulatetheenthusiasm,initiative,andcreativityofcitizens,providingacontinuoussourceofpowerforthedevelopmentofthecountry.因此，从新的视角来看，国家义务与公民权利的关系是密不可分的。只有深入理解并正确处理这一关系，才能实现国家的长治久安和公民的幸福生活。Therefore,fromanewperspective,therelationshipbetweenstateobligationsandcivilrightsisinseparable.Onlybydeeplyunderstandingandcorrectlyhandlingthisrelationshipcanweachievelong-termstabilityofthecountryandahappylifeforcitizens.五、国家义务在公民权利保障中的实践案例分析Analysisofpracticalcasesofnationalobligationsinsafeguardingcivilrights国家义务在公民权利保障中的实践案例不胜枚举，这些案例不仅展现了国家义务的具体内容，也凸显了国家义务在公民权利保障中的重要性和必要性。Therearecountlesspracticalcasesofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcivilrights,whichnotonlydemonstratethespecificcontentofstateobligations,butalsohighlighttheimportanceandnecessityofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcivilrights.以教育权为例，近年来，我国在教育领域的投入持续增加，实施了九年义务教育制度，保障了公民的基本受教育权。各级政府还积极推动教育公平，加大对农村地区、贫困地区的教育扶持力度，努力消除教育领域的差距。这些实践案例充分体现了国家在保障公民教育权方面的义务和责任。Takingtherighttoeducationasanexample,inrecentyears,China'sinvestmentinthefieldofeducationhascontinuedtoincrease,andanine-yearcompulsoryeducationsystemhasbeenimplementedtoensurethebasicrighttoeducationofcitizens.Governmentsatalllevelsareactivelypromotingeducationalequity,increasingsupportforeducationinruralandimpoverishedareas,andstrivingtoeliminatedisparitiesinthefieldofeducation.Thesepracticalcasesfullyreflecttheobligationandresponsibilityofthestateinsafeguardingtherighttoeducationofcitizens.在健康权方面，我国建立了覆盖全民的基本医疗保障制度，为公民提供了基本医疗卫生服务。同时，国家还加大了对公共卫生领域的投入，提高了应对突发公共卫生事件的能力。这些措施有效地保障了公民的健康权，体现了国家在健康保障方面的义务。Intermsoftherighttohealth,Chinahasestablishedabasicmedicalsecuritysystemthatcoverstheentirepopulationandprovidesbasicmedicalandhealthservicestocitizens.Atthesametime,thecountryhasalsoincreasedinvestmentinthefieldofpublichealthandimproveditsabilitytorespondtosuddenpublichealthemergencies.Thesemeasureseffectivelysafeguardtherighttohealthofcitizensandreflecttheobligationofthestateintermsofhealthsecurity.在劳动权方面，国家通过制定和实施劳动法等相关法律法规，保护了劳动者的合法权益。同时，国家还积极推动就业政策的实施，为劳动者提供了更多的就业机会和职业培训。这些实践案例展示了国家在保障公民劳动权方面的积极作为。Intermsoflaborrights,thestatehasprotectedthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofworkersbyformulatingandimplementingrelevantlawsandregulationssuchaslaborlaws.Atthesametime,thecountryactivelypromotestheimplementationofemploymentpolicies,providingworkerswithmoreemploymentopportunitiesandvocationaltraining.Thesepracticalcasesdemonstratethepositiveactionsofthestateinsafeguardingthelaborrightsofcitizens.在环境保护、社会福利等领域，国家也积极履行义务，为公民提供了更好的生活环境和福利待遇。这些实践案例不仅展示了国家义务在公民权利保障中的具体实践，也为我们提供了研究国家与公民关系的新视角。Inthefieldsofenvironmentalprotectionandsocialwelfare,thestateactivelyfulfillsitsobligationsandprovidescitizenswithabetterlivingenvironmentandwelfarebenefits.Thesepracticalcasesnotonlydemonstratethespecificpracticeofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcivilrights,butalsoprovideuswithanewperspectiveonstudyingtherelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizens.国家义务在公民权利保障中的实践案例充分证明了国家义务的重要性和必要性。未来，我们应继续加强相关领域的研究和实践，推动国家义务的全面履行和公民权利的更好保障。Thepracticalcasesofstateobligationsinsafeguardingcivilrightsfullydemonstratetheimportanceandnecessityofstateobligations.Inthefuture,weshouldcontinuetostrengthenresearchandpracticeinrelatedfields,promotethecomprehensivefulfillmentofnationalobligationsandbetterprotectionofcivilrights.六、完善国家义务以保障公民权利的对策与建议Strategiesandsuggestionsforimprovingnationalobligationstosafeguardcitizenrights在当前社会背景下，保障公民权利已经成为国家义务的重要组成部分。为了实现这一目标，我们必须从多个方面入手，不断完善国家义务体系，确保公民权利的得到根本保障。Inthecurrentsocialcontext,safeguardingtherightsofcitizenshasbecomeanimportantcomponentofnationalobligations.Inordertoachievethisgoal,wemuststartfrommultipleaspects,continuouslyimprovethenationalobligationsystem,andensurethattherightsofcitizensarefundamentallyprotected.加强法治建设是关键。国家应完善法律法规，明确公民权利与国家义务的关系，为公民权利的保障提供坚实的法律基础。同时，加大对违法行为的惩治力度，确保法律的严肃性和权威性。Strengtheningtheconstructionoftheruleoflawiscrucial.Thestateshouldimprovelawsandregulations,clarifytherelationshipbetweencitizenrightsandstateobligations,andprovideasolidlegalfoundationfortheprotectionofcitizenrights.Atthesametime,wewillincreasethepunishmentforillegalactivitiestoensuretheseriousnessandauthorityofthelaw.提高政府服务水平是必要手段。政府应优化行政流程，提高办事效率，为公民提供便捷、高效的服务。政府还应加强与公民的沟通互动，积极回应社会关切，增强公民对政府的信任感。Improvingthelevelofgovernmentservicesisanecessarymeans.Thegovernmentshouldoptimizeadministrativeprocesses,improveefficiency,andprovideconvenientandefficientservicesforcitizens.Thegovernmentshouldalsostrengthencommunicationandinteractionwithcitizens,activelyrespondtosocialconcerns,andenhancecitizens'trustinthegovernment.再次，推动社会公平正义是重要途径。国家应关注弱势群体，加大对他们的保护力度，确保他们享有与其他公民平等的权利。同时，加强反腐败斗争，维护社会公平正义，为公民权利的保障创造良好环境。Onceagain,promotingsocialfairnessandjusticeisanimportantway.Thestateshouldpayattentiontovulnerablegroups,increasetheirprotectionefforts,andensurethattheyenjoyequalrightswithothercitizens.Atthesametime,wewillstrengthenthefightagainstcorruption,maintainsocialfairnessandjustice,andcreateafavorableenvironmentforsafeguardingtherightsofcitizens.加强公民教育也是不可或缺的一环。国家应普及法律知识，提高公民的法律意识，引导他们依法维权。培养公民的公民意识和责任感，使他们更好地履行公民义务，共同维护社会稳定和发展。Strengtheningciviceducationisalsoanindispensablepart.Thestateshouldpopularizelegalknowledge,enhancecitizens'legalawareness,andguidethemtoprotecttheirrightsinaccordancewiththelaw.Cultivatecitizens'civicawarenessandsenseofresponsibility,enablingthemtobetterfulfilltheircivicobligationsandjointlymaintainsocialstabilityanddevelopment.完善国家义务以保障公民权利需要我们从法治建设、政府服务水平、社会公平正义和公民教育等多个方面入手。只有这样，我们才能确保公民权利的得到根本保障，推动社会和谐稳定发展。Improvingnationalobligationstosafeguardcitizenrightsrequiresustostartfrommultipleaspectssuchasruleoflawconstruction,governmentservicelevel,socialfairnessandjustice,andciviceducation.Onlyinthiswaycanweensurethefundamentalprotectionofcivilrightsandpromotesocialharmonyandstabledevelopment.七、结论Conclusion在深入探讨了国家义务与公民权利之间的紧密联系后，我们不禁要重新审视国家与公民关系的传统视角。传统上，国家与公民的关系常常被理解为单纯的权力与义务的对立统一，而忽视了国家义务对公民权利的保障作用。然而，通过本文的论述，我们清晰地看到，国家义务不仅是公民权利得以实现的基础，更是公民权利得以根本保障的关键。Afterdelvingintothecloserelationshipbetweenstateobligationsandcitizenrights,wecannothelpbutre-examinethetraditionalperspectiveoftherelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizens.Traditionally,therelationshipbetweenthestateandcitizenshasoftenbeenunderstoodasasimpleunityofpowerandobligation,whileneglectingtheroleofstateobligationsinsafeguardingtherightsofcitizens.However,t