2023年常州市金坛区中考一模英语试题（含答案解析）

2023年常州市金坛区中考一模英语试题一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）1．—YuanLongpingspentallhislifeontheresearchanddevelopmentofbetterriceplants．—That’strue．We________praisehimtoomuch．A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t2．—________doyouknowaboutColumbus?—Oh,heisagreatmanwhodiscoveredAmerica．A．What B．Who C．How D．Which3．Manyyoungpeopleoftenfind________necessarytocommunicate,butdon’tknowwhototalkto．A．that B．it C．them D．this4．—Whydosomanycompanieshopehecanworkforthem?—BecausehecanspeakbothChineseandFrench．It’scertainlyhis________．Adecision B．condition C．advantage D．disadvantage5．—Itseemsthatyouruncleknowsthesmalltownverywell．Sandy．—Right!He________hereasapolicemanforfiveyearsinthe2010s．A．works B．worked C．hasworked D．isworking6．—I’msobusythesedays．Icanonlyspareaverylittletimetoexercise．—You’vedoneverywell．______,tenminutesofexerciseisbetterthannothing．AIngeneral B．Afterall C．Firstofall D．Forexample7．—Haveyousentyourgrandparentsane-mailtotellthemyou’vepassedtheexam?—NoIcalledtheminstead．________ofthemcanuseacomputer．A．None B．Both C．Neither D．All8．—Whichhobbydoyouthink________lesstime,paintingorreading?—It'shardtosay．Itdepends．A．takesoff B．takesup C．takesout D．takesin9．Icamebacklatelastnight．Myfatheraskedme________．A．ifIhavehadsupper B．whereIwaswithmyfriendsC．whomwasIwith D．whydidIcomebacksolate10．—Wefailedinthedancingcompetition．—________．Bettertimesarewaitingforyou．A．Goodluck B．Don’tmentionit C．Cheerup D．Noproblem二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）Therearemanystoriesandlegends（传说）aboutthehistoryofChineseNewYear．Thefirstandmost____11____isthelegendofNian．Therearetwoversions（版本）ofit．Asthestorygoes,therewasamonsterinancienttimeswithabodyofabull,aheadofalion,andahornofaunicorn（麒麟）．Itwasadangerousanimalthatlivedinthemountainsandbuntedfora____12____．Towardstheendofwinter,whentherewasnothingtoeat,Nianwouldvisitthevillagesandattackandcatwhateveritsaw,____13____thevillagerstoliveinfear．OnenightwhenNiancamedownthemountain,somevillagersstartedfires,putupboardspaintedbright____14____,andstayedupallnightlongtomakeallkindsofloudsounds．Whenthemonstercametothevillage,thesightinthevillagemakesitso____15____,anditranbackintothemountains．Thenextmorning,thevillagershadabig____16____．Thefollowingyear,allhevillagerscametogetherand____17____thatwhenitwastimeforNian’sannualvisit,theywouldstartafireinfrontofeverydoor,hangaredpaintedboardinfrontofeveryhouse,andnotgotosleep____18____rathermakenoisebythestrongbeatingofdrumsandgongs（锣）,along____19____theheavyuseoffirecrackers．InthesecondversionofthelegendofNian,themonsterlivedatthebottomoftheseamostoftheyearandwouldonlygoontolandonthelastdayoftheChineselunarcalendartoattackandeatbothvillagersandanimals．ThevillagerslearntfromanoldmanthatNianwasafraidofloudnoisesandthecolorred,andbegansettingofffireworksandattaching“couplet”poemsonredpaperontheir____20____dooreveryNewYear’sEve．Overtimeallthevillagers____21____thatthemonsterNianwasafraidofthreethings:thebrightredcolor,fire,andnoise．Everyyeartheyrepeatedthecustomandithasbeen____22____fromgenerationtogeneration（代代相传）untiltoday,andthusthecustomofGuoNianwasestablishedbasedonthelegendsofNian．11．A．well-known B．exciting C．stupid D．important12．A．live B．living C．life D．alive．13．A．causing B．making C．advising D．pushing14．A．white B．blue C．red D．black15．A．scared B．worried C．amazed D．surprised16．A．celebration B．lunch C．holiday D．laugh17．A．accepted B．knew C．agreed D．told18．A．because B．so C．though D．but19．A．with B．over C．on D．under20．A．small B．side C．back D．front21．A．watched B．realized C．wondered D．saw22．A．passeddown B．passedaway C．passedout D．passedby三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）APleaseusetheequipment(设备)inthisgyminasafeandresponsiblewayatalltimesandrememberthesepoints．*Properclothingandshoesforexerciseshouldbeworn．*Donotuseanyequipmentifyouaredrunk．*Nofoodordrinks(exceptwater)．Nosmoking．*Donotusetheequipmentshortlyafterhavingeaten．*Donotwearjewelryduringyourworkouts．*Pleasefollowanyinstructionsthatareincludedwitheachpieceofequipment．*Weightliftingshouldbedonewithafriendortrainer．*Donotlean(倚靠)ontheequipment．Keepyourhandsawayfromanymovingparts．*Pleasereportfaults(故障)togymstaff．*Carryamobilephonewhenexercisingtocallforhelpincaseofdifficultyoremergency(紧急)．*Pleasereturnallequipmenttoitsplaceandwipedownequipmentafteruse．*Childrenunder18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult．TopreventCOVID-19．pleaserememberthesepoints:*Temperaturewillbetakenbeforemembersandguestsareallowedtoenterthegym．*Keep1．5metersofdistancefromotherpeople．*Wearyourmask．*Washyourbandsoften．23．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Wearingjewelryisallowed．B．Keeponemetreofdistancefromotherpeople．C．Smokingisnotallowed．D．Usetheequipmentanytimeyoulike．24．What’sthepurposeofcarryingamobilephonewhenexercising?A．Toknowthetimespentonexercise． B．Toplaygamestokilltime．C．Togethelpwhenmeetinganyproblem． D．Toavoidmissingimportantphones．25．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Studyskills． B．Safetytips． C．Howtorelax． D．Whichsporttochoose．BSomeofthechildren’sdreamsabouttheNeverlandweresimilar．Thiswasbecausetheywereallinthesamefamilyandtheyhadallheardthesamestoriesfromtheirmother．ManystoriestalkedaboutaboynamedPeterPan．PeterPanlivedintheNeverlandwiththefairies(小精灵)andhecouldfly．WendyespeciallybelievedinPeterPan．“PeterPanmustbeanoldmannow．”jokedMrs．Darling．“No,mom!”criedWendy．“Peterwillnevergrowup．Hewillalwaysbeaboyaboutthesameageandheightasme!”Mr．DarlinglaughedwhenWendyspokeaboutPeterPan．HedidnotbelieveinPeterPanortheNeverland．“NanaprobablymadethechildrenbelieveinPeterPan．I’msurethatWendywillsoonforgetaboutPeterPan!”Mr．Darlingtoldhiswife．ButPeterPandidnotwantthechildrentoforgethim．SothatsamenighthecametotheDarlings’house．HewhispereddreamsoftheNeverlandintotheirearswhiletheyweresleeping．WendyhadawonderfuldreamabouttheNeverlandthatnight．ThenextdayWendysawthatthewindowwasopenandknewthatPeterPanhadcometovisit．“Look!”sheyelledtohermother．“Therearetreeleavesonthefloorandheforgottocleanhisshoes!”“HowcouldPeterPancomeintothehousewithoutfirstknockingatthedoor?”askedhermother．“Thedoorisalwayslocked．”“Heflewinthroughourwindow!Goupstairsandlook!Thetreeleavesarenexttothewindow!”Mrs．DarlingdidnotwanttotellWendythattheNeverlandandPeterPanwerejustadreamandmakeherdaughtersad．Soshewalkedupstairsafterbreakfastandexaminedsomeoftheleaves．Shewassurprisedtoseethattheydidn’tlookliketheleavesthatgrewonthetreesnexttothehouse!—TakenfromPeterPan26．WheredidPeterPanliveaccordingtothepassage?A．England． B．TheNeverland． C．Awoodenhouse． D．Mr．Darling’shome．27．WhydidPeterPancometotheDarlings’housethatnight?A．BecausehewantedtobringsometreeleavestoWendy．B．Becausehedidnotwantthechildrentoforgethim．C．Becausehewassohungrythathewantedtofindsomefood．D．Becausehewouldliketomakethechildrensleepbetter．28．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．PeterPanwasanoldmanallchildrenliked．B．MrDarlingdidn’tbelieveinPeterPanortheNeverland．C．Mr．DarlinglikedPeterPan．D．TheNeverlandandPeterPanwerejustadream．CItissaidthatThomasEdisonusedtochasethetwilight(追求模糊状态)momentsbetweenwakefulnessandsleep．Supposedly．heusedtofallasleepinachair．holdingtwoballsinhishands．Ashenoddedoff,theballsfelldown．Theresultingnoisewokehimup．Then,hecouldwritedownhisinventiveideasbeforehefellintoadeepsleepandforgotthem．Thisinspiredanewstudy．ResearcherstestedEdison'smethodofencouragingcreativitywith103healthypeople．Volunteerscametothelabtosolveanumberproblem．Theywereaskedtochangesomenumbersintoashortersequence(序列)．Theyweretoldtofollowtwosimplerules．However,whatthevolunteersweren’ttoldwasthattherewasaneasytricktofinishthistask．Thesecondnumberinthesequencewouldalwaysbethecorrectfinalnumber．Afterdoingthistask60times,volunteersgota20-minutebreak．VolunteersheldthesimilarballsthatEdisonusedas“alarmclocks”．Theresearcherstoldthemtorestorsleepiftheywantedto．Allthewhile．theirbrainwaveswerekepttrackof(跟踪)．Morethanhalfofthevolunteersstayedawake．Twenty-fourfellasleepandstayedinthestage(阶段)ofsleepcalledN1．FourteenothersprogressedtoN2,adeeperstageofsleep．Aftertheirrest．volunteersreturnedtotheirnumberproblem．PeoplewhoreachedtheN1stageofsleepwere2．7timesaslikelytodiscoverthehiddentrickaspeoplewhostayedawakeandwere5．8timesaslikelytodiscoverthetrickaspeoplewhofellintoadeepersleepstage．“Suchobvious(明显的)differencesinsuchexperimentsarcnotcommon,”saidDelphineOudiette,ascientist．“Wewerequitesurprisedattheresults,andmoreworkisneededtoshowtheconnectionbetweenN1andcreativity．”Interestingly,accordingtotheresultoftheexperiment,peoplemaybeabletoleantotakeadvantageofthattwilightstageofsleep．Undoubtedly．Edisonissuchagreatperson,butthereisnoneedtopaytoomuchattentiontoEdison'shabit．Heisalsosaidtohaveconsideredsleep“atotalwasteoftime”．29．WhydidEdisonchasethetwilightmomentsbetweenwakefulnessandsleep?A．Tofallasleepfaster． B．Tohaveinventiveideas．C．Tokeephealthy． D．Tobedifferent．30．Howmanyvolunteersstayedawakeaftertheresearcherstoldthemtorestorsleep?A．65 B．24 C．14 D．5131．Whowasthemostlikelytodiscoverthehiddentrickinthetest?AVolunteerswhostayedawake．B．VolunteerswhoprogressedtoN2．C．VolunteerswhoreachedtheN1stageofsleep．D．Allthevolunteerswhotookpartinthestudy．32．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．It'snecessarytopaymuchattentiontoThomasEdison'shabit．B．Chasingthetwilightmomentsprovedtobetrue．C．ToshowtheconnectionbetweenN1andcreativity,thereisstillalongwaytogo．D．DelphineOudietteissureoftheconnectionbetweenN1andcreativity．DTonightourfamilywasgoingouttoplayunderthefullmoon．Wefirststartedgoingonfullmoonwalksforourselves,becausemyhusbandToddandI,lovedthemandweneededtheselittledosesofmoonlighttostayhappyandtofunction(起作用)insociety．Butafterwebecameparents,wedidthisforourchildren．WewantedSierraandBrycetoseethatthereismuchmagicinthenaturalworldandthatmostofitisaccessible(可达到的)toanyone．Wealsowantedtoshowthemthatitwasnotnecessarytotravelfarfromhometohaveanadventure,learn,andexperiencesomethingnew．Nearlyeverymonth,ourfamilywentintothenightto“play”bythefullmoon．Oncewearrivedatourlocationthatevening,SierraandIstoodholdinghands,waitingtocheerthefullmooninitsrising．Athinsliveroftheapricot(杏黄色)moonpokedabovetheshapeoftheBlueMountainRidge．Everyonestoodupandwatcheditsrising．Moreofthemooncameoutuntilitturnedintoabrilliantorangesphere．ToddexplainedtoSierraandBrycethatthemoonmakesnolightofitsown,butsimplyactslikeamirror,reflecting(反射)thesunlightbacktouslongafterthesunhassunkbelowthehorizon(地平线)．“Doesthemoon’sfacechange?”Bryceasked．Itoldhimthatthemoonrotateswiththeearth,butitdoesnotspinonitsaxis(轴)liketheearthdoes．Thesamesideofthemoonisalwaysfacingtheearth．Weneverseetheotherside,thefarsideofthemoon．Sierrasaidthatthemoonlookedlargerandcloserwhenitwasrising．Iexplainedthatitisanopticalillusion(视错觉)becauseitissoclosetothehorizonthatthemoontricksoureyesintocomparingitwithnearbyobjectstocreatetheimpressionofincreasedsize．MuchoftheknowledgethatToddandIsharedwiththekidshadbeenlearnedfromourpastlifeexperiences．Ifwedidnothavetheknowledgetoexplainandeducate,welookeditup,eitherbeforehand(提前)toimprovetheexperienceorafterwardstogether,afterwewonderedandcameupwithalistofquestions．Opportunities(机会)toexploremagicalexperiencesandlearningisrightinyourneighbourhood．Sometimesallittakesisgoingoutdoorsandlookingupattheheavens．33．Howoftendoesthewritergotoplayunderthefullmoonwithhisfamily?A．Onceayear． B．Onceamonth． C．Onceaweek． D．Everyday．34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rotates”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Circle． B．Float． C．Rise． D．Drop．35．Themoonlookslargerandcloserwhenrisingbecause________．A．thedistancefromtheearthisbecomingshorterB．theothersideofitneverfacestheearthC．itdoesnotspinonitsaxisliketheearthdoesD．comparingitwithnearbyobjectscreatesanillusion36．Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewritersupport?A．Nevertravelfarfromhometohaveanadventure．BTravelfarfromhometohaveanadventuremoreoften．C．Goodlearningopportunitiesarejustaroundthecorner．D．Thereismuchmoremagicinbooksandmostofitisaccessibletoanyone．四、还原句子（共4小题；每小题1．5分，满分6分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mostpeopleenjoylisteningtomusic．Butifyouaskyourclassmateswhatkindofmusictheylike,youmaygetmanydifferentanswers．____37____Whatdothesedifferencessayaboutpeople?ResearchersfromCambridgeUniversitytriedtoanswerthequestions．Theysurveyed350,000peoplefrom50differentcountries．____38____Outgoingpeople,forexample,preferrhythmicmusicanddanceablemusic．Peoplewhoenjoycountrymusicareshowntobemoreseriousabouttheirwork．Oneoftheresultsisquiteinteresting．Theresearcherspredicted(预测)thatpeoplewhowereundertoomuchstressshouldlikeeithersadmusictoexpresstheirfeelingsorrhythmicmusictoimprovetheirmoods．Butitburnedoutthatthesepeoplelikedneither．____39____Perhapsithelpsreducetheirstress．Theresearchersalsofoundthatclimatesmightinfluencepeople’smusicalpreferences(偏爱)andpersonality．Peopleinwarmerclimatespreferdanceablemusic．Theyaremoreoutgoing．Thismaybearesultoflongerdaylighthoursandwarmerevenings．Ofcourse,nothingisclear-cut(确切的)．____40____TheCambridgestudyshowsusthatpeopleofdifferentculturesaremoresimilarthanwethink．“Peoplemaybedividedbygeography,languageandculture,”saidDr．DavidGreenberg,theleadingresearcher．“Butifanoutgoingpersoninonepartoftheworldlikesthesamemusicasoutgoingpeopleelsewhere,thenwecansaythatmusicisreallylikeapowerfulbridge．A．Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?B．Infact,theypreferloudandpowerfulmusic．C．Toomuchstressmakespeopleinabadmood．D．Wemaynotgrouppeoplejustbytheirmusicaltastes．E．Whydodifferentpeoplehavedifferentmusicalpreferences?F．Then,theydiscoveredsomeconnectionsbetweenmusicalpreferencesandpersonality．五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Callingsomeonenames,spreadingwronginformationaboutsomeone,andthreateningsomeone—theseterriblethingsareallkindsofbullying．Nowadays,teenagersface___41___newkindofbullying:cyber-bullying(网络欺凌)．Cyber-bullyingisoneofthebadsidesofthetechnology．Smartphonesandcomputers___42___(use)oftentobullyothersbythebulliesontheInternet．Thereisa___43___(possible)thatcyber-bullyingwillhappenatanytimeorplace．___44___teenagersfeelsafeattheirownhomes,theymaystillbecyber-bullied．Notonlyiscyber-bullyinghardtoavoid,itisalsohardtocatch．Itisquiteeasytosendamessagebytextfroman___45___(know)phonenumber．Bulliesspendlittletime___46___(set)upasocialnetworkaccount(网络账号)andshareabadmessage．And,ifthebulliesknowhow___47___(hide)theIPaddress,theycansendarudevideotoawebsite．Andpeoplewouldn’tknowwhodiditandhowtheywoulddealwithit___48___(proper)．Oneofthemostterriblethingsaboutcyber-bullyingisthatitcanhurtmorepeoplethantraditionalformsofbullying．Abullycantellliesaboutateenagerandsharethem___49___thewholeschoolatthetouchofabutton(按钮)．Forsometeenagers,it’stoomuch．TheUKcharityBeatbullyingsuggeststhatupto44percentofsuicides(自杀)among10-to14-year-oldsmaybecausedbybullying．Thegoodnewsisthatpeople___50___(take)actiontofightagainstcyber-bullyingoverthelastfewyears．SchoolsandwebsiteslikeChildnetInternationalofferadviceandsupporttostudents．Socialnetworksnowadviseuserstothinkcarefullyabouttheirprivacysettings．Manyalsoprovideaspecialbuttonforuserstoreportuncomfortableordangerousactivities．六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题；每小题1．5分，满分9分）51．这个头盔的质量根本不达标。Thequalityofthehelmetis_______________________．52．我认为满足每个人的需求是不可能的。Ithinkit___________________________________．53．汤姆的房间这么乱七八糟，以至于他经常找不到他的书。Tom’sroom_________________________thathecan’tfindhisbooksoften．54．许多好心人都是以钱的方式帮助这些贫困家庭。Manykindpeoplehelpthesepoorfamilies_________________．55．我爸爸昨天来学校的时候碰巧观看到了升国旗。Myfather___________________thenationalflagwhenhecametoschoolyesterday．56．你知道这个计划将什么时候被实施吗?Areyou________________________________?七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）57．去年9月，《义务教育劳动课程标准（2022年版）》开始执行。假如你是李华，你们班下周的班会课主题是“Labor(劳动)”。请你根据以下要求，写一份发言稿。Asweallknow,laborisanimportantpartofourlife．Laborishard,butitisaglorious(光荣的)thing．Pleaseshareyourideasaboutthetopic．1．Islaborimportantforusteenagers?Andwhy?2．Doyouoftendohouseworkathomeorvoluntarylaborinsociety?Pleaseshareanexperiencebasedonyourreallife．注意：1．文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；2．词数100左右：文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dearclassmates,It’smyhonortobehere．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!参考答案1．D【解析】【详解】句意：——袁隆平一生都在研究和开发更好的水稻。——这是真的。我们再怎么赞扬他也不为过。考查情态动词can的习惯用法。must必须；mustn’t不必；can能；can’t不会。根据语境可知，袁隆平为水稻改良做出了很大贡献，可推测此处是我们怎么赞扬他也不为过，cannot．．．too．．．表示“无论怎么……也不为过”，can’t=cannot。故选D。2．A【解析】【详解】句意：——你对哥伦布了解多少？——哦，他是个发现美洲的伟人。考查代词辨析。What什么；Who谁：How如何；Which哪个。根据答语“heisagreatmanwhodiscoveredAmerica”可知，是询问对方对哥伦布了解多少，故选A。3．B【解析】【详解】句意：许多年轻人经常觉得有必要交流，但不知道该和谁说话。考查代词辨析。that那个；it它；them他们；this这个。空处缺少句子的宾语，真正的宾语是tocommunicate，使用it作形式宾语，故选B。4．C【解析】【详解】句意：——为什么那么多公司都希望他能为他们工作？——因为他会说汉语和法语。这当然是他的优势。考查名词辨析。decision决定；condition状况；advantage优势；disadvantage劣势。根据“hecanspeakbothChineseandFrench．”可知，会汉语和法语是他优势。故选C。5．B【解析】【详解】句意：——看来你叔叔对这个小镇很熟悉。桑迪。——对吧！他在2010年代在这里当了5年警察。考查动词时态。根据“inthe2010s”可知，“当了5年警察”是发生在过去，所以该句使用一般过去时，谓语动词使用动词过去式，故选B。6．B【解析】【详解】句意：——这些天我很忙，我只能抽出很少的时间锻炼。——你做得很好了。毕竟，十分钟的运动总比什么都不做要好。考查副词短语。Ingeneral“总的来说”；Afterall“毕竟”；Firstofall“首先”；Forexample“例如”。根据“Icanonlyspareaverylittletimetoexercise．”可知，对方觉得锻炼时间太少；根据“You’vedoneverywell．．．．tenminutesofexerciseisbetterthannothing．”可知，觉得对方已经做的很好了，毕竟十分钟的锻炼比不锻炼好。故选B。7．C【解析】【详解】句意：——你有没有给你的祖父母发过电子邮件，告诉他们你已经通过了考试？——没有。我给他们打了电话。他们两个都不能使用电脑。考查代词辨析。None三者或三者以上都不；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；All三者或三者以上都。根据“Icalledtheminstead”可知此处指祖父母都不用电脑，所以打电话代替发送电子邮件。故选C。8．B【解析】【详解】句意：——你认为哪一种爱好占用的时间更少，绘画还是阅读？——这很难说。视情况而定。考查动词短语。takeoff起飞；takeup占用，占据；takeout取出，除去；takein吸收。根据“lesstime”可知，应该是占用时间，故选B。9．B【解析】【详解】句意：我昨晚回来得很晚。我父亲问我和朋友们在哪里。考查宾语从句的时态和语序。该句是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也应该使用过去时态，且语序为陈述语序，C、D不是陈述语序，A不是过去时态，故排除A、C、D，故选B。10．C【解析】【详解】句意：——我们在舞蹈比赛中失败了。——振作起来。美好时光在等着你们。考查情景交际。Goodluck好运；Don’tmentionit别客气；Cheerup振作起来；Noproblem没问题。根据上文说是舞蹈比赛失败了，下文说美好时光在等着你们，可知此处应是鼓励对方的话语，因此应说Cheerup，C选项符合语境。故选C。11．A12．B13．A14．C15．A16．A17．C18．D19．A20．D21．B22．A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年的由来，讲述了关于年兽的两个传说。【11题详解】句意：第一个也是最广为人知的是年兽的传说。well-known广为人知的；exciting令人兴奋的；stupid愚蠢的；important重要的。由“TherearemanystoriesandlegendsaboutthehistoryofChineseNewYear．”可知下文要讲的是最有名最广为人知的一个传说。故选A。【12题详解】句意：它是一种危险的动物，生活在山里，以攻击人为生。live居住，动词；living生计，名词/活着的，形容词；life生活，生命，名词；alive活着的，形容词。由“a”可知此处需要一个名词。故选B。【13题详解】句意：冬天快结束时，当没有东西吃的时候，年会去村庄，看到什么就攻击什么，看到什么就捕捉什么，这让村民们生活在恐惧中。cause导致；make让，使，制作；advise建议；push推。由“thevillagerstoliveinfear”可知是年造成的结果，cause．．．todo“导致……”。故选A。【14题详解】句意：一天晚上，当年下山时，一些村民生火，竖起涂成鲜红色的木板，彻夜未眠，发出各种响亮的声音。white白色；blue蓝色；red红色；black黑色。由下文“whenitwas．．．hangaredpaintedboard”可知是红色的木板。故选C。【15题详解】句意：当怪物来到村庄时，村庄里的景象让它非常害怕。scared感到害怕的；worried感到担心的；amazed感到惊奇的；surprised感到惊讶的。由下文“itranbackintothemountains．”可知年兽感到了害怕。故选A。【16题详解】句意：第二天早上，村民们举行了盛大的庆祝活动。celebration庆祝；lunch午餐；holiday假日；laugh大笑。由前文“thesightinthevillagemakesitsoscared,anditranbackintothemountains．”可知村民们成功赶走了年兽，因此举行了庆祝活动。故选A。【17题详解】句意：第二年，所有的村民聚在一起，约定在年的每年来的时侯，他们会在每扇门前生火。accept接受；know知道；agree同意；tell告诉。由上文村民成功赶走年兽，可知第二年村民们是达成一致用一样的方法驱赶年兽。故选C。【18题详解】句意：他们会在每一扇门前生火，在每一所房子前挂一块涂有红色油漆的木板，不睡觉，而是通过鼓和锣发出噪音，伴随着大量的爆竹。because因为；so所以；though虽然，即使；but但是，相反。由“notgotosleep．．．rathermakenoise．．．”可知前后的动作是相反的。故选D。【19题详解】句意：他们会在每一扇门前生火，在每一所房子前挂一块涂有红色油漆的木板，不睡觉，而是通过鼓和锣发出噪音，并伴随着大量的爆竹。with和；over在……上；on在……上；under在……下。由“notgotosleep．．．rathermakenoise．．．”可知此处是并列关系，介词词组alongwith“随着，随同……一起”。故选A。【20题详解】句意：村民们从一位老人那里得知，年害怕噪音和红色，于是开始燃放烟花，并在每年除夕夜在他们的前门用红纸贴上对联。small小；side一边，侧面；back后面；front前面。由前文“theywouldstartafireinfrontofeverydoor,hangaredpaintedboardinfrontofeveryhouse”可知是在前面贴对联。故选D。【21题详解】句意：随着时间的推移，所有的村民都意识到年兽害怕三件东西：鲜艳的红色、火焰和噪音。watch观看；realize实现，意识到；wonder想知道；see看到。由“themonsterNianwasafraidofthreethings:thebrightredcolor,fire,andnoise．”可知是村民们逐渐意识到年兽害怕三件东西。【22题详解】句意：他们每年都重复这种习俗，而且这种习俗代代相传直到今天。passdown传递下去；passaway去世，消失；passout晕倒；passby经过。由“Everyyeartheyrepeatedthecustom”可知这种习俗是被传递了下去。23．C24．C25．B【解析】【导语】本文是一家健身房的安全守则。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Nosmoking．”可知，抽烟不被允许。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Carryamobilephonewhenexercisingtocallforhelpincaseofdifficultyoremergency(紧急)．”可知，锻炼时带手机是为了在遇到任何问题的时候得到帮助。故选C。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Pleaseusetheequipment(设备)inthisgyminasafeandresponsiblewayatalltimesandrememberthesepoints．”可知，本文主要是关于健身房的一些安全提示。故选B。26．B27．B28．B【解析】【导语】本文节选自《彼得·潘》，讲述了达林一家对“彼得·潘”这个人物和故事的不同态度，达林先生不相信彼得潘和梦幻岛，觉得孩子们会忘记他的，而彼得·潘不想让孩子们忘记他，所以晚上到达林家，悄悄对他们说着梦幻岛的故事。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“PeterPanlivedintheNeverlandwiththefairies(小精灵)andhecouldfly．”可知，他住在梦幻岛，故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“ButPeterPandidnotwantthechildrentoforgethim．SothatsamenighthecametotheDarlings’house．”可知，因为他不想让孩子们忘记他。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Mr．DarlinglaughedwhenWendyspokeaboutPeterPan．HedidnotbelieveinPeterPanortheNeverland．”可知，当温迪谈到彼得·潘时，达林先生笑了。他不相信彼得潘和梦幻岛，故选B。29．B30．A31．C32．C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了研究人员通过复现爱迪生的方法发现，在打盹后马上醒来能促进人的创造力。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theresultingnoisewokehimup．Then,hecouldwritedownhisinventiveideasbeforehefellintoadeepsleepandforgotthem．”可知小球落地的声音会使他醒来，随后，在熟睡以致忘记发明性的想法之前，他会把它们写下来。所以爱迪生追求模糊状态是因为这种状态下会产生发明性的想法，故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ResearcherstestedEdison'smethodofencouragingcreativitywith103healthypeople．”和第三段“Morethanhalfofthevolunteersstayedawake．”可知研究者用103名健康的人进行测试，超过一半的人保持清醒的状态，故选A。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“PeoplewhoreachedtheN1stageofsleepwere2．7timesaslikelytodiscoverthehiddentrickaspeoplewhostayedawakeandwere5．8timesaslikelytodiscoverthetrickaspeoplewhofellintoadeepersleepstage．”可知，到达N1阶段的人发现隐蔽窍门的可能性是保持清醒状态的人的2．7倍，是进入熟睡阶段的人的5．8倍。故选C。【32题详解】推断判断题。根据最后一段“Edisonissuchagreatperson,butthereisnoneedtopaytoomuchattentiontoEdison'shabit．Heisalsosaidtohaveconsideredsleep“atotalwasteoftime”．可知我们没有必要太多地关注爱迪生的习惯，故排除A项；“Wewerequitesurprisedattheresults,andmoreworkisneededtoshowtheconnectionbetweenN1andcreativity．”可知，对于测试的结果是研究者意想不到的，想要证明创造性和N1阶段之间的联系还有更多的工作要做；故排除B和D项，故选C。33．B34．A35．D36．C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家要在满月时候出去玩的事情，告诉我们探索神奇体验和学习的机会就在你的附近。有时所需要的就是去户外，抬头仰望天空。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Nearlyeverymonth,ourfamilywentintothenightto‘play’bythefullmoon．”可知，作者一个月和家人在满月下玩一次。故选B。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据“butitdoesnotspinonitsaxis(轴)liketheearthdoes．”可知，但月球不像地球那样绕轴旋转，所以“rotates”意为Circle“旋转”，故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“Iexplainedthatitisanopticalillusion(视错觉)becauseitissoclosetothehorizonthatthemoontricksoureyesintocomparingitwithnearbyobjectstocreatetheimpressionofincreasedsize．”可知，这是一种视错觉，因为它离地平线太近了，月亮欺骗我们的眼睛，让我们将它与附近的物体进行比较，以产生增大的印象。故选D。【36题详解】观点态度题。根据“Opportunities(机会)toexploremagicalexperiencesandlearningisrightinyourneighbourhood．Sometimesallittakesisgoingoutdoorsandlookingupattheheavens．”可知，作者认为探索神奇体验和学习的机会就在你的附近。所以选项C“良好的学习机会就在身边”符合题意，故选C。37．E38．F39．B40．D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章研究了音乐偏好与人的性格和环境的关系，通过调查50个国家的350,000人，发现不同类型的音乐与人的性格和工作态度有关，同时气候也会影响人们的音乐偏好。研究表明，音乐是一种强大的桥梁，能够跨越地理、语言和文化的差异，让人们更加相似。【37题详解】根据“Whatdothesedifferencessayaboutpeople?”和“ResearchersfromCambridgeUniversitytriedtoanswerthequestions．”可知，下文是在回答“这些问题”，因此空处也是在提问，询问差异产生的原因，选项E“为什么不同的人有不同的音乐偏好？”符合语境，故选E。【38题详解】根据“Outgoingpeople,forexample,preferrhythmicmusicanddanceablemusic．”可知，下文举例的都是音乐偏好和个性之间的关系，因此空处说的也是音乐偏好和个性这间的联系，选项F“然后，他们发现了音乐偏好和个性之间的一些联系”符合语境，故选F。【39题详解】根据“Theresearcherspredictedthatpeoplewhowereundertoomuchstressshouldlikeeithersadmusictoexpresstheirfeelingsorrhythmicmusictoimprovetheirmoods．Butitburnedoutthatthesepeoplelikedneither．”可知，研究人员预测压力过大的人应该喜欢悲伤的音乐来表达他们的感受，或者有节奏的音乐来改善他们的情绪，但事实却与之相反，所以他们应该喜欢更轻快的音乐，选项B“事实上，他们更喜欢响亮而有力的音乐”符合语境，故选B。【40题详解】根据“Ofcourse,nothingisclear-cut”和“Th