英语复习热点5 完形填空(新高考)-2021年高考英语【热点重点难点】

热点05完形填空

【命题趋势】

在一篇250词左右的短文中留出十五个空白（原来是二十个），要求考生从四个词性或结构相同的备选

项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。本题型被选项涉及动词、名词、形容词、词组

和副词，虽然不涉及近义词辨析，但要牢记词汇基本词义并注意熟词新意。本题型旨在考查考生在短文中

出现的语境、逻辑、固定搭配、行文习惯、文化习惯情况下灵活、准确使用词汇、词组的能力。

【满分技巧】

解题时要考虑的要点：

在准确把握、筛选所有备选项词义的情况下，考虑如下几点：

A.考虑上下文的联系

本题型所设的空白绝大部分与上下文有联系。这种联系可通过相互暗示、重复、注释、同义或反义词、

褒贬等线索体现出来。

B.考虑上下文语境

是否符合语境是确定答案必须考虑的方面。语境通过逻辑、语气等体现。

C.考虑固定搭配、行文习惯、文化习惯以及常识、常理。

【技巧应用】

下面以《2020年山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国I卷）》为例来阐述《满分技巧》的实际应用：

A.原题

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehis

second21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.

Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhit

theareaearlierthatyearandthe24itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,the

numberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He26thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotect

themfromthe27.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28

duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.

However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.

31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe

33ofeachsapling（幼树）abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholes

to34rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.

Molai35toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-

grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.

21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice

22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge

23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward

24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage

25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise

26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted

27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust

28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter

29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance

30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed

31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding

32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial

33.A.backB.topC.footD.side

34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect

35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued

【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B

31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。

树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过

努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许

多动植物的家园。

(21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A.dream梦想；B.jobI

作；C.home家；D.choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些，湿

地”成为了他的第二个“家故选C。

(22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然：B.youth青春，

年轻：C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.

precious宝贵的；B.interesting有趣的;C.disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D.awkward尴尬的，笨拙

的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。

[24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.

waste废物；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损

害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。

[25题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.

Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据aswell可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的

数量减少。故选A。

[26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.agreed同意：B.

realized意识到：C.remembered记住，记起；D.predicted预测。Molai"意识到“鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为

没有足够的树木。故选B。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.noise噪音；B.

heat热；C.disease疾病；D.dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热

的影响。故选B。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.

directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动

物们提供“遮蔽故选D。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动；B.police警察；C.

forest森林;D.finance财政,金融。根据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知,Molai

想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。

[30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.

rebuilt重建;B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。根据前面的“lookingonhisown”可

知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他''发现”了一个小岛。故选B。

[31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating装饰：B.

Observing观察到：C.Watering浇水：D.Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的

努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。

【32题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough困难的；B.

illegal非法的；C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法

收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很"难故选A。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶

罐来收集雨水。A.back背部；B.top顶端;C.fbot脚;D.side一边,一侧。根据该段最后一句"Thewater

wouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的‘顶

端”。故选B。

【34题详解】

考查动词（短语）辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的

陶罐来收集雨水。A.cooldown冷却下来;B.keepoff与保持距离;C.purify净化，使纯净;D.collect

收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A.returned返回；B.learned学会；C.

failed失败；D.continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家

园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。

【热点话题】阅读、健康、运动、社会热点、垃圾分类等

【限时检测】（建议用时.：4（）分钟）

A

（山东省2021届高三上学期期中考试英语试题（新高考））

话题：如何战胜困难难度：★★★建议用时：7分钟

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Pennsylvaniaisfullofmysteriousplaces!Oneofthoseisanoldturnpike（收费高速公路）41for

decades.Mydadloveshistory,andhelearneditwasopentothepublic.42,whenIwas14,wetookabike

tripto43thisroad!

Mydadchosea16-mile44oftheroadfbrustoride.PartofitincludedanoldtunnelcalledSideling

Hillwhichisoveramilelong!To45,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.Inthe

morning,weloadedourbikesintothecarandsetoff.Asweapproachedthetunnel,Ifelt46asitwas

absolutelyblackinside!ButDadencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldbebesideme.Heremindedmetostay

47andkeepmylighton!

Whenwe48thetunnel,thesoundofourbikeswasheardthroughthedarkness.Ishinedmyflashlight

aroundandsawwalls49ingraffiti（涂鸦）.AndIfeltlikeIwasbeing50!Iwasprettyscared,

but51onfollowingDadhelpedmerelax.Afterridinghalf-waythrough,Icouldseelightcomingfrom

theotherend,motivatingmetokeepgoing.AndIwassodelightedtorideoutintothebrightafternoon!

Whenevergoingthrough52inlife,Irememberthistrip.Itremindsmethatmyfatherisalways

besideme.Heturnsonthelightofhopeinmy53,aswellasgivesme54tokeepriding

throughlife's___55__tunnels.

41.A.designedB.destroyedC.abandonedD.locked

42.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile

43.A.exploreB.constructC.protectD.repair

44.A.tunnelB.sectionC.blockD.course

45.A.participateB.registerC.cooperateD.prepare

46.A.excitedB.nervousC.annoyedD.exhausted

47.A.silentB.curiousC.cautiousD.positive

48A.approachedB.observedC.constructedD.entered

49.A.coveredB.buriedC.absorbedD.dressed

50.A.forcedB.watchedC.abusedD.judged

51.A.dependingB.survivingC.callingD.focusing

52.A.accidentsB.hardshipsC.regulationsD.incidents

53.A.chestB.tripC.workD.heart

54.A.courageB.prideC.excitementD.enthusiasm

55.A.difficultB.distantC.darkD.long

B

（鄂州市部分高中联考协作体2020高三上学期调研）

话题：有关乌鸦的故事难度：★★★|建议用时.：6分

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I'dplannedtospendmyweekendinthesun,enjoyingflowersoutdoors.Butthatwas41thepairof

disgustingcrows（乌鸦）arrived.Outofnowhere,theyhadsetuptheirbase42inourbackyard.

Wefirst43ourfeatheredenemiesonFridaymorning.Itwasearly,andthesoundthebirdsmade

44throughourneighborhood.Ifiguredthey'd45soon.But,no.Theyweregettinglouderand

probably46myneighborsnearlyasmuchasuswiththenoise.IadmitIgotalittle47

Then,onSundayafternoon,IsawourdogQuatchistaringatsomethingontheground.Iwentto48

andfoundasmallcoal-blackbirdinthegrass.Itseyesweremilky,anditstayedperfectly49asmydog

walkedtowardsit.OnlywhenQuatchi50hisnosetoitsheaddiditwalkaway.I51thedoginside

andcamebackwithmycamera.

Itneveroccurredtomethattheyoungwouldbehangingoutontheground,growingandgaining52

asitsparentsguardeditfromabove.ThesecondIsawthislittlecreatureI53thecrows.

Tobehonest,I'veneverbeenmuchofabirdperson.AndIwishthey5dchosenanotherbackyard.ButI'malso

54thatIgottoseethislittlebitofnatureunfoldupclose.Ifsprettyamazing.

Theexperiencehasalso55mydesiretocreateabeautifulbackyardgardenthatattractslotsofbees,

butterflies,andyes,birds.Theyarewelcomehere.

41.A.afterB.whenC.untilD.before

42.A.organizationB.campC.businessD.trap

43.A.acceptedB.droveC.discoveredD.invited

44.A.traveledB.flewC.ranD.flowed

45.A.singB.fightC.falldownD.quietdown

46.A.attractingB.annoyingC.frighteningD.amusing

47.A.excitedB.amazedC.curiousD.desperate

48.A.preventB.defendC.exploreD.assist

49.A.coldB.enthusiasticC.stillD.friendly

50.A.touchedB・threwC.pointedD.connected

51.A.awardedB.lockedC.praisedD.fed

52.A.strengthB.pityC.advantageD.freedom

53.A.hatedB.respectedC.admiredD.forgave

54.A.pitifulB.gratefulC.painfulD.careful

55.A.discouragedB.ensuredC.strengthenedD.Proved

c

（三湘名校教育联盟五市十校教研教改共同体2021届高三11月大联考）

话题：爱的传递难度：★★★建议用时：6分钟

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Onmythirdbirthday,wemovedtothisneighborhood.Arleneandherhusband,Bill,livednextdoor,whohad

nochildren.Thereweren'tany41myagenearby,soImostlyplayedintheyardalone.ArleneandBillspentalot

oftimeworkinginthe42,andIwasalwaystalkingtothemfromouryard.Theywerenevertiredoflisteningto

me.Ithinkwhat43metothemisthatIalsothinktheysawalotofthemselvesinme-wewerealllonelykids.It

wasawonderful44

WhenIwasaboutfive,Ihadanidea45ItookBillandArleneintoourfamilyasmygrandparents.Myparents

madethe46thatIshouldaskthemdirectlyandsoIdid.Theystartedcryingand47accepted.Itistrulywonderful

forachild48herloveandadultsbeingsooveijoyedtoacceptit.Everychildinthisworld49enthusiastically

repaidlove.

FromthedayIacceptedthem,IcalledBillandArleneGrandpaandGrandmaandmyparentscalledthem

MomandDad.Overtheyears,BillandArlene50meinallmydreams.Theyencouragedmeto51^college,even

thoughIdidn*thavethemoneytogo.AndwhenIwas52toauniversity,theypresentedmewiththeirsavings.

Theytoldmethey'dbeen53moneysincethedayIcalledthemgrandparents.Fouryearslater,I54andnow

workasanofficial.

Arlenepassedawayin2013.BilltoldmethatArlenethoughtthegreatest55_ofherlifewasme,her

granddaughter.

41.A.relativesB.friendsC.classmatesD.kids

42.A.farmB.factoryC.gardenD.office

43.A.introducedB.urgedC.leftD.drew

44.A.occasionB.connectionC.performanceD.conversation

45.A.ifonlyB.evenifC+asthoughD.howcome

46.A.changeB,ruleC.proposalD.mistake

47.A.modestlyB.honestlyC.emotionallyD.peacefully

48.A.offeringB.concerningC.obtainingD.managing

49.A.presentsB.deservesC.deniesD.demands

50.A.supportedB.impressedC.comfortedD.persuaded

51.A.applyforB.movetoC.giveupD.lookinto

52.A.usedB.admittedC.knownD.limited

53.A.handingoutB.turninginC.takingoverD.puttingaway

54.A.graduatedB.regrettedC.quittedD.hesitated

55.A.discriminationB.achievementC.responsibilityD.happiness

D

（2020•辽宁中山・大连二十四中高三其他）

话题：作者对儿子的担忧和愿望难度：★★★建议用时：7分

Aparenfshopesfor2030

When2010arrived,mysonwasonlyayearold-tinyand1themasterofafewbasicwords,butstill

mostlythebabywe*dwelcomedintotheworld,2allhisfirsttimes.

Nowmybabyhasgrownintoa(n)3—tall,strong,stout,andsmart,a(n)4ofAkiraKurosawa

samuraimovies.

A5fromnow,in2030,hewillbeanadult.Iexpectthenext10yearstoflyby,andbefilledwith

6.As2020begins.Iamthinkingaboutthekindofworldmysonwill7andexperience.I8for

him,andforalltheyoungpeopleofhisage.SoIhaveseveral9fortheworldmysonandhisgeneration

willlivein：

Ihopewefinallyget10aboutclimatechange.Polariceismelting.Theoceansare11.The

questionis12whetherwecanstopclimatechange,butwhetherwe'rewillingandabletodoanythingto

13it.

I'mnotsurewhatawarmingplanetwillmeanformyson*slife.I14itmeanshewillliveinaworld

wherenationsandgroups15limitedresourceslikecleanwaterandfood,whichmeansthatthedangerof

climatechangewon*tcomejustfromwarmerclimate,butfromotherhumanscompetingforcontroloverwhat's

16.

Theworldisalwaysgoingtobefullof17abouthowtosolvethechallengesweface.Ihope,too,that

myson'sgenerationlearnsto18justice—buttodosowithbigheartandhumility,recognizingour

commonhumanity（人性）evenwithpeoplewho19us.

Theworldof2030won'tbuilditself.Weare20itnow,somyfinalwishisthatwebuildthekindof

worldweactuallywantourchildrentolivein.

1.A.specialB.generousC.intelligentD.dependent

2.A.observingB.showingC.presentingD.congratulating

3.A.athleteB.adolescentC.adultD.kid

4.A.funB.sponsorC.loverD.reader

5.A.intervalB.centuryC.spanD.decade

6.A.amusementsB.experiencesC.processesD.changes

7.A.foundB.struggleC.faceD.shake

8.A.worryB.sacrificeC.guessD.promise

9.A.plansB.methodsC.hopesD.tips

10.A.particularB.seriousC.optimisticD.enthusiastic

11.A.raisingB.risingC.growingD.arising

12.A.forsureB.asusualC.nolongerD.tillnow

13.A.slowB.recordC.acceptD.undertake

14.A.suspectB.astonishC.wonderD・declare

15.A.pickupB.fightoverC.turndownD.takepart

16.A.finishedB.continuedC.remainedD.left

17.A.goalsB.signsC.disagreementsD.results

18.A.escapeB.expressC.seekD.affect

19.A.differfromB.agreewithC.refertoD.callfbr

20.A.blamingB.admiringC.provingD.creating

E

话题：美国初创公司如何帮助贫困地区的人民难度：★★★建议用时：7分钟

（2020•安徽高三二模）RwandaisasmallcountryinEastAfricawithaboutmorethan13millionpeople.

ThelandlockedcountryisoneofthefastestgrowingeconomiesinAfrica.1,almosthalfofthepopulation

stillliveinpoverty.

Manypeoplelivein2wherethereisnodoctor.Medicalsuppliessuchas3,vaccines（疫苗）

orevenbloodare4toreachtheseareas.

Zipline,anAmericanstart-upcompany,nowhelpspeopleinremoteareastogetbetter5.A

multinationalteamofengineershasbeen6tobuildadrone（无人机）thatcandelivermedicinetowhereit

ismostneeded.

Rwandaiswheretheirplanshavebeenmetwith7fromthegovernmentandthecountry'scivil

aviation（民用航空）authority.

“Rwandaisthefirstcountryto8usthroughthedesignprocessofthedronetofigureouthowtodo

this,^^saidKeenanWyrobek,a9ofZipline.

Ifahospitalora10isinanareathatisdifficultto11,theZiplinedronecandeliverthe

medicalsupplieseasilyandmuchquickerthanviaroadtransport.

Doctorsorhealthcareworkersjustneedtosenda12tothebasestationandthedeliverywillbe

dispatched（派遣）viadronequicklyand13.Sothevitalsuppliesaredroppedoffbythedronewherethe

itemsare14.Nowitonlytakes30minutesfromthetimethe15isplacedtothedelivery.

“Iusedtoseethedronesflyandthinktheymustbe16untilthesamedronecametomeandsavedmy

17Theyareamazing,"saidAliceMutimutuje,amotherwhofellseriouslyillonce.

Thedroneshavealreadysuccessfullycompletedmorethan12,00018inthelastyears.InJanuary2019,

thecompany19theirprojectinAfricaandthe29millionpeopleintheWestAfricaGhanawillsoonbenefit

fromthisnew20,too.

1.A.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Moreover

2.A.botanicgardensB.citycentresC.departmentstoresD.remoteareas

3.A.medicinesB.musclesC.headachesD.thoughts

4.A.likelyB.difficultC.enoughD.certain

5.A.healthcareB.roadconditionsC.foodprovidersD.publiceducation

6.A.dismissedB.organizedC.imitatedD.defeated

7.A.approvalB.curiosityC.discriminationD.strangers

8.A.catchupwithB.operateonC.runawayfromD.workwith

9.A.pilotB.doctorC.designerD.driver

10.A.schoolB.clinicC.groceryD.market

11.A.constructB.describeC.understandD.access

12.A.teamB.messageC.presentD.ticket

13.A.emotionallyB.patientlyC.effectivelyD.privately

14.A.neededB.discoveredC.producedD.exported

15.A.tableB.fileC.emphasisD.order

16.A.kindB-realC.curiousD.useless

17.A.soulB.lifeC.childrenD.mother

18.A.novelsB.formsC.deliveriesD.applications

19.A.identifiedB.abandonedC.expandedD.observed

20.A.technologyB.recreationC.headlineD.surgeon

F

话题：公司留住老客户的重要性难度：★★★建议用时：7分钟

（2020•浙江绍兴•高三一模）Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingand

retaining（留住）customers.Itsounds1andachievable.But,2,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.

Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften3thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementof

beatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managerstendto

become4.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness--5thatthecustomer

remainsacustomer.

6toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoney

annually.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheaveragecompanylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomersevery

year.Inconstantlychanging7,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshave

any8howmanycustomerstheyhavelost.

Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe9

implications.Cuttingdownthenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig10inits

performance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseint