大学物理英汉词汇对照

大学物理英汉词汇对照mechanicalmotiontheoryofrelativityparticlframeofreferencepositionvectorequationofmotionorbitdistancedisplacementvelocityaccelerationtangentialaccelerationnormalaccelerationNewton'slawofmotioninertiaforcemomentofforceGalileotransformationsystemworkkineticenergypotentialenergymechanicalenergymomentumangularmomentumLorentztransformationmolatmosphericpressurestandardconditionidealgasgasconstantAvogadro’snumberdistributionfunctionofspeed34、mostprobablespeedaveragespeedroot-mean-squarespeeddegreeoffreedomdiatomicmoleculepolyatomicmoleculetheoremofequipartitionofenergy41、collisionfrequency42、freepath

机械运动相对论质点参照系位置矢量运动方程轨道路程位移速度加速度切向加速度切向加速度牛顿运动定律惯性力力矩伽利略变换系统功动能势能机械能动量角动量洛仑兹变换摩尔大气压标准状况理想气体气体常数阿伏伽德罗数速率分布函数最概然速率平均速率方均根速率自由度双原子分子多原子分子能量均分定理碰撞频率自由程temperatureelectromagnetismelectricfieldmagneticfieldelectromagneticfieldelectromagneticMaxwell’sequationselectromagneticenergy51、energyofelectricfield52、energyofmagneticfield53、Poynting’svectorenergyflowdensityLorentzforceelectronelectrontheorypointchargechargedensityconservationlawofcharge61、boundchargefreechargeconductorinsulatordielectricCoulomb’slawelectrostaticfieldelectricfieldstrengthelectricfluxGauss’slawelectricpotentialelectricpotentialdifference73、equipotentialsurfaceelectrostaticinductioninducedchargeelectrostaticshieldingelectrostaticequilibriumcapacitanceelectricsourcenon-electrostaticforceelectromotiveforcemagnetostaticfieldmagneticinduction83、magneticfieldstrength85、uniformmagneticfield86、magneticinductionflux

温度电磁学电场磁场电磁场电磁波麦克斯韦方程组电磁能量电场能量磁场能量坡印廷矢量能流密度洛伦兹力电子电荷点电荷电荷密度电荷守恒定律束缚电荷自由电荷导体绝缘体电介质库仑定律静电场电场强度电通量高斯定理电势电势差等势面静电感应感生电荷静电屏蔽静电平衡电容电源非静电力电动势静磁场磁感应强度磁场强度均匀磁场磁感应通量Ampere’sforceHalleffectparamagneticsubstancediamagneticsubstancesuperconductivityferromagneticsubstanceelectromagneticinduction

安培力霍耳效应顺磁质抗磁质超导性铁磁质电磁感应93、Faraday’selectromagneticinductionlaw法拉第电磁感应定律94、inducedelectromotiveforce95、motionalelectromotiveforce

感生电动势动生电动势（1）selfinduction（2）selfinductance自感（1）mutualinduction（2）mutualinductance互感eddycurrentdisplacementcurrentelectromagneticoscillationelectromagneticspectrum102、electromagnetictheoryoflight103、Hertz’sexperimentcoulombvoltohmreciprocalohmsiemensamperefaradhenryweber

涡电流位移电流电磁振荡电磁波谱光的电磁理论赫兹实验库仑伏特欧姆姆欧西门子安培法拉亨利韦伯113、vibration（vibrationmotionoscillation）振动114、harmonicoscillation谐振动dampedoscillation阻尼振动forcedoscillation受迫振动linearoscillation线性振动mechanicaloscillation机械振动thermaloscillation热振动lightoscillation光振动period周期frequency频率amplitude振幅phase相位synthesis合成rotatingvector旋转矢量wave波动superposition迭加mechanicalwave机械波electromagnetic电磁波longitudinalwaves纵波transversalwaves横波waresurface波面ray波线wavefront波前wavespeed波速planewave平面波sphericalwaves球面波harmonicwaves简谐波wavefunction波函数wavelength波长wavenumber波数interference干涉coherentwave相干波constructiveinterference相长干涉destructiveinterference相消干涉geometricaloptics几何光学modernoptics现代光学physicaloptics物理光学waveoptics波动光学quantumoptics量子光学nonlinearoptics非线性光学appliedoptics应用光学informationoptics信息光学Fourieroptics傅里叶光学indexofrefraction折射率photovector光矢量speedoflight光速Young’stwo-slitinterference扬氏双缝干涉160、equalinclinationinterference等倾干涉equalthicknessinterference等厚干涉filminterference薄膜干涉diffraction衍射Fresneldiffraction菲涅尔衍射Fraunhoferdiffraction夫琅和费衍射Huygens-Fresnelprinciple惠更斯-菲涅尔原理167、Singleslitdiffraction单缝衍射Doubleslitdiffraction双缝衍射Circularholediffraction圆孔衍射X-raydiffractionX射线Electrondiffraction电子衍射Rayleighcriterion瑞利判据grating光栅181512181512gratingconstant光栅常数gratingspectrum光栅光谱naturallight（naturaldaylight）自然光177、polarizedlight偏振光178、linearlypolarizedlight线偏振光151、partiallypolarizedlight部分偏振光Maluslaw马吕斯定律birefringence（doublerefraction）双折射181、ordinarylight寻常光182、extraordinarylight非寻常光184、thermalradiation热辐射（heatradiation）（calorificradiationblack-bodyradiation黑体辐射Planck’squantumtheory普朗克量子论186、photo-electriceffect光电效应lightquantum光（量）子Comptoneffect康普顿效应Comptonwavelenghth康普顿波长atomicstructure原子结构Bohr’squantumtheory玻尔量子论Bohrradius玻尔半径matterwave物质波microscopicworld微观世界macroscopicworld宏观世界wave-particleduality波粒二象性quantumphysics量子物学length长度mass质量time时间electriccurrent电流thermodynamictemperature热力学温度203、amountofsubstance物质的量luminousintensity发光强度planeangle平面角solidangle立体角PrefixesUsedWithSIUnits国际单位制使用词头exa—艾E（10）peta—拍P（10）tera—太