Unit+2+The+Universal+Language+Grammar+and+usage高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册

Unit2TheuniversallanguagePeriod3Grammarandusage译林版英语选择性必修一动词-ing形式作主语和宾语ExploringtherulesLeadinLet’slistentomusic,andtellwhatitbelongsto.ItbelongstotheclassicalChinesemusic.AmbushFromAllSides(LiuDehai)主语宾语代词名词LeadinAreyouinterestedinplayingPipa?Yes,Iaminterestedinplayingit.ShowingChinesetraditionalmusicalinstrumentinfrontoftheforeignerscanmakemeveryproud.主语宾语V-ingV-ingExploringtherulesBelowisastoryaboutamusicianandhisfriendinancientChina.AWhenWhoWhathappenedWheninChina’s(1)______________________________WhoBoya,(2)____________________ZhongZiqi,Boya’saudienceandfriendWhathappenedBoyaplayedtheqinverywell,buthebelievednoonecould(3)___________________untilhemetZhongZiqi.ZhongwasabletorecognizetheimageinBoya’spieceofmusic:(4)____________________________________.Theybecamegreatfriendsandagreedtomeetthenextyear.(5)___________________becauseZhongZiqi,theonlypersonthatcouldunderstandhismusicwasgone.SpringandAutumnandWarringStatesperiodamasteroftheqinunderstandhismusicHighMountainsandFlowingWaterBoyadestroyedhisqinExploringtherulesExploringtherulesBoyadestroyhisqin

becauseZhongZiqi,theonlypersonthatcouldunderstandhismusicwasgone.Whatdoyouthinkofhisbehaviour?ExploringtherulesAFindthesentencesthatuseverb-ingformsassubjectsorobjectsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstoneshavebeendoneforyou.Verb-ingformsassubjectsVerb-ingformsasobjectsPlayingtheqinwashislife.…everyoneenjoyedlistening…主语宾语ExploringtherulesVerb-ingformsassubjectsVerb-ingformsasobjectsPlayingtheqinwashislife.

HavingsomeonethatreallyunderstoodhismusicpleasedBoya,……,it’snousekeepingtheqin.…everyoneenjoyedlistening…Boyadidnotsayanything

beforeplayingtheqin,…WhenBoyacontinuedplaying,……,whonevergottiredofsharinghismusicwithZhongZiqi.…beforegoingtheirseparateways,…Afterhefinishedplayingthepiece,…WorkingOuttherulesPART

01动词-ing形式作主语1.Livingingoodrelationshipsbenefitshealth.2.Lookingonthebrightsideoflifeisgoodforyou.3.Ilovemakingpreparationsfortheexams.4.Heisfondofplayingtheguitar.ExploringtherulesPointoutwhattheverb-ingformsareusedasinthefollowingsentences.Answers:(1)_______________(2)___________________(3)_______________(4)___________________asthesubjectasthesubjectastheobjectastheobjectInChina’sSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesperiods,therelivedamannamedBoya,whowasamasteroftheqin.Playingtheqinwashislife.Heplayedsowellthateveryoneenjoyedlisteningtohismusicandthoughthighlyofhistechniques.However,BoyabelievednoonecouldunderstandhismusicuntilhemetZhongZigi.Boyadidnotsayanythingbeforeplayingtheqin,yetZhongZiqiwasabletopaintapictureofgreatmountainrangesinhismind.WhenBoyacontinuedplaying,ZhongZiqisaidhehadheardthesoundofariverflowingquickly.Infact,BoyahadintendedtocallthepieceHighMountainsandFlowingWater.HavingsomeonethatreallyunderstoodhismusicpleasedBoya,whonevergottiredofsharinghismusicwithZhongZiqi.Thetwosoonbecamegreatfriendsandbeforegoingtheirseparateways,theyagreedtomeetattheMid-AutumnFestivalthenextyear.However,ZhongZiqifailedtoshowuponthatday.WhenBoyalearntaboutZhongZiqi’sdeath,hewasovercomewithsorrow.HeplayedHighMountainsandFlowingWaterinfrontofZhongZiqi’sgrave.Afterhefinishedplayingthepiece,hedestroyedtheqinandsaid,“Sincetheonlypersonthatunderstandsmymusicisgone,it’snousekeepingtheqin.”ExploringtherulesVerb-ingformsassubjects

Playingtheqinwashislife.Verb-ingformsasobjects...everyoneenjoyedlistening...HavingsomeonethatreallyunderstoodhismusicpleasedBoya,......,it’snousekeepingtheqin.Boyadidnotsayanythingbeforeplayingtheqin,...WhenBoyacontinued

playing,......whonevergottiredofsharinghismusicwithZhongZiqi....beforegoingtheirseparateways,...Afterhefinishedplayingthepiece,...ExploringtherulesFindthesentencesthatuseverb-ingformsassubjectsorobjects动词-ing形式作主语表示经常的,

习惯性的动作或状态,谓语动词通常用单数。bytraintakesabout16hours.坐火车去杭州大约需要16个小时。awoman'sageisimpoliteinhiscountry.在他的国家，询问女士的年龄是不礼貌的GoingtoHangzhouAsking动词-ing形式作主语>1.动词-ing形式直接置于句首主语的位置上iseasierthandoing.说比做容易。2.动词-ing形式作主语时常后置，此时须用it作形式主语，用形容词或名词(短语)作表语。nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awasteoftime等。

It'snouseanexcuseforthis.为这件事找借口是没有用的。Sayingmaking常见的形容词有:dangerous,worthwhile,useless,useful等。归纳:常用动词-ing形式作主语的句型有:

Itis/wasawasteoftimedoing..做.....是浪费时间的。Itis/wasnogood/usedoing..做.....是没好处/用的。Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing...做.....是不值得的。Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing...做......是值得的。Thereisnodoing..无法.....;不允许....Itisworthwhilediscussingthequestion.这个问题值得讨论。It'sworththeeffort.做出努力是值得的。It'sawasteoftime

玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。动词-ing形式作主语making

playingcomputergames动词-ing形式作主语Therebeno...结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于

Itisimpossibletodo....Thereisnosenseindoing...做.....没有道理。Thereis/wasnousegood(in)doing...做.....没用/好处。Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing...没有比......更糟的。

Thereis/wasnopoint(in)doing...做.....无意义。Thereis/wasnowaydoing..无法做....注意:Thereisnoneedtodo...做.....没必要。在此句式中todo不可换为doingThereisnoneedforhimanylonger.没必要再等他了。towait动词-ing形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语VS不定式(短语)作主语动词-ing形式作主语表示泛指的行为,不定式(短语)作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时的情况也是如此。withfireisdangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Be

careful!

withfireisdangerous.小心点,玩火是危险的。（指具体动作）Playing

Toplay

PART

02动词-ing形式作宾语动词-ing形式作宾语两种情况1.只能后接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词：avoid,

admit,appreciate,consider,enjoy,deny(否定),delay(延期),escape(逃避),excuse,keep,finish,fancy(梦想),suggest,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk(冒险)等。口诀:避免错过少延期(avoid,miss,delay)建议完成多练习(advise,finish,practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,can'thelp)承认否定与嫉妒(admit,deny,envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand,keep,mind)Peoplecan'thelplaughingatthatfoolishman.人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。need,demand,want,require,在表示“需要”时,用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义，或用不定式的被动形式。Need/demand/want/require+doing=need/demand/want/require+tobedoneThecarneedsrepairing=Thecarneedstoberepaired.动词-ing形式作宾语有一些动词短语也常跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如:insiston(坚持),objectto(反对),begoodat,leadto,leaveoff(停止),putoff(推迟),giveup,lookforwardto,feellike(想要),devoteto(把......奉献给),getusedto(习惯于),payattentionto,can'thelp(禁不住),can'tstand(受不了)等。2.既可接动词-ing形式又可接不定式(短语)作宾语的动词：begin,start,continue,like,dislike,love,prefer,mean,forget,remember,hate,regret等。(1)在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后,用动词-ing形式或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同,动词-ing形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。(2)在begin,start,continue之后,用动词-ing形式和不定式,意义无区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。

(3)在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动词-ing形式与不定式意义不同。动词-ing形式表示动作已经发生;不定式表示动作还没发生。Iremembertoposttheletter.我会记得去寄出这封信。Irememberpostingtheletter.我记得这封信已经寄出去了。动词-ing形式作宾语trytodosth.设法做某事trydoingsth.试试做某事meantodosth.打算/有意要做某事meandoingsth.意思是/意味着做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beusedtodosth.被用来做某事can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事can'thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事

goondoingsth.继续做一直在做的事goontodosth.接着做另一件事

stopdoingsth.停止做某事

stoptodosth.停下正在做的事去做另一件事.Herememberedbeingintroducedtothegirlataparty.他记得在一次聚会上被介绍给了那个女孩。Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIthought。我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.我很遣憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。

动词-ing形式作宾语>在allow,permit,forbid,advise,consider后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语;如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用动词不定式作宾语补足语。在allow/permit/forbid/advise/consider+Hisparentspermittedhimtojointhearmywhenhewasseventeen.

在他17岁的时候。父母允许他去从军。

SbtodosthDoingsthWorkingouttherulesWhentheverb-ingformisusedasthesubjectofasentence,wecansometimesusethepreparatorysubject(形式主语)(1)

atthebeginningofthesentence.Theverb-ingformcanalsobeusedastheobjectofa(2)

ora(3)

.verbitprepositionCirclethemistakesandwritedownthecorrectformsintheblanks.1.Listentomusicismyfavouritethingtodo. 2.Ireallyenjoytoreadbiographiesofmusicians.3.It’snousetrytoplaytheviolinifyou’renotgoingtogive

ityourbestshot.4.Wouldyoumindtoteachmehowtoplaytheguitar?5.Theseinstrumentsweremeantforplaytraditional

Chinesemusic.11P21B1ListeningreadingtryingteachingplayingBelowisanarticleaboutthemusicsentintospace.Completethearticlewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.22P21B2representingtoexploreSendingchoosingselectinglastingplayingtoenterExercises1.Scientistshaverespondedby_________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlement.2.A90-year-oldwomanhasbeenawardedTheYear”for_________(be)Austrian'soldestfull-timeemployeestillworking40hoursaweek.3.Shejustkept_________ (whisper)“1can'tbelieveyou'rehere!”4.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof_________(die)earlybycyclingnotingbeingwhisperingdying5.Istillremember_________(visit)aCantonesefriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyears.6.

___________________(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisapleasantandrewardingexperience.7.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term_________(consume). 8.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude___________(introduce)Austrianvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.visitingTravelling/Totravelconsumingintroducing9.Inadditiontotheirplainbeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout_________ (use)electricequipment10.Onemorning,thenativewaswaitingatthebusstop,

worriedabout_________ (be)lateforthemeeting11.Theboykept_________(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingsouroverh