2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习学案第一编选修7Unit4Sharing

Unit4Sharing晨背分钟填词并背记HelpingtheRemoteAyearago,thefamousastronautreceivedaninvitationbyairmailfromaremotevillage.Intendingtosniffsomefreshair,heandhisinterpreterpaidafortnightvisitthere.Itwasaprivilegeforthemtobethere,buttheywereshockedbywhattheysaw.Thetracksweremuddy.Theriverwasdrying_up.Mostvillagersonlypossessedonebroom,_afewtinsandseveraljarsandtheirrectangulargrasshutswithroundanglesweresurroundedbyweeds.Besides,theirschoolhadnoroofandplatform,_andthestudentshadnoconceptofclickingaputeratall.Theywerebadlyin_needofhelp.Soon,theastronautmadeagenerousvoluntarydonationtothevillage.Thereweretextbooksforstudents,sewing_machinesfortailorsandtractorsforfarmers.Hisdistributioncataloguealsoincludedoperatingaclinicandatrunklibrary,aswellasgivingweeklylessonstoteachrelevantfarmingknowledgelikehowtodry_outseedsorraiseoxen.Hehimselfnotonlyhelpeddosomepaperworkbutalsopurchasedgrillsforboystotoastpotatoesandbsforgirlswhowere_dying_togetone.The_other_day,_heheard_fromthevillagersagaininvitinghimtoparticipate_inthedonationanniversary.Forpoliticalandsecurityreasons,hecouldn'tadjusthisoutgoingarrangement.Otherwisehewouldgo.Buthisdeedswererememberedforever.援助山村一年前，那位著名的宇航员收到一份由一个偏远村庄通过航空邮件寄来的邀请。因为想要呼吸一下新鲜空气，他和翻译到那儿做了一次两周的访问。能够去那里使他们倍感荣幸，但却震惊于所见所闻。泥泞的道路、河流干枯；大部分的村民拥有的财产只不过是一只扫帚、几个瓶瓶罐罐而已；圆角的矩形草屋四周长满了杂草；学校也没有屋顶和讲台；学生们更对点击操作电脑毫无概念。他们确实需要帮助。很快，宇航员就向村庄做了慷慨的自愿捐赠。捐赠品中有给学生的课本，给裁缝的缝纫机，还有给农民的拖拉机。捐赠金的分配目录中还包括一间诊所和一间书箱图书馆的运作，并有传授像怎么使种子干透，或者怎么养牛这种相关农业知识的每周课程。他自己不仅亲自帮助做一些文书工作，还给男孩子们购买了烤马铃薯的烤架、给渴望得到梳子的女孩子们买了梳子。前几天，他又收到了村民们邀请他参加捐赠周年会的来信。出于政治和安全原因，他无法调整外出时间安排，否则他就会去了。不过他所做的一切村民们都永远记得。1．relevant(adj.)有关的；切题的→relevance(n.)有关；切题→relevantly(adv.)有关地；切题地→irrelevant(反义词)(adj.)无关紧要的；不切题的2．arrangement(n.)安排；排列→arrange(v.)安排；排列3．angle(n.)角；角度→angel(形近词)(n.)天使4．voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→voluntarily(adv.)志愿地→volunteer(v.)自愿(n.)志愿者5．economic(adj.)经济的；经济学的→economy(n.)经济→economical(adj.)经济的；节约的；合算的6．political(adj.)政治的；政党的→politics(n.)政治→politician(n.)政治家7．financial(adj.)财务的；金融的；财政的→finance(n.)财政；资金8．security(n.)安全；保护；保障→secure(adj.)安全的；稳定的(vt.)(使)获得；使安全；获得安全9．eacross偶然遇到10．stickout伸出11．getthrough完成；穿过；接通12．provide...for...为……提供……13．berelevantto...和……有关14．makeadifferenceto对……有影响；起作用重点知识分钟adjustvi.&vt.调整；(使)适合(P30)(1)单句语法填空①Thiskindofdeskcanbe________(adjust)totheheightyouneed.Besides,it'snotexpensiveatall.②Wehavemadean________(adjust)toourpriceandgiveyouaspecialdiscountof3percent.③Whenachildisstudyingabroad,hemustlearntoadjustto________(live)onhisown.答案：①adjusted②adjustment③living(2)单句写作①作为一名老师，你必须调整教学方法来适应那些学得较慢的孩子的需要。Asateacher,youhaveto________________________theneedsofslowerchildren.②我已对设计作了几处调整。I've________________________thedesign.答案：①adjustyourmethodstosuit/meet/satisfy②madeafewadjustmentsto(1)adjust...to...调整……以适应……adjustto_(doing)sth.适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto使自己适应于……(2)adjustmentn.调整；调节；适应makeanadjustmentto对……作出调整(3)adjustableadj.可调整的participatevi.参与；参加(P30)(1)单句语法填空Encouragedbytheteacher,the________actively____________theEnglishspeechcontest.Their________inspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.(participate)答案：participants;participatedin;participation(2)单句写作——词汇升级有那么多的学生参加比赛，你要保持你的冠军地位很难。a．普通表达：Somanystudents________________thepetition,soitisdifficultforyoutoholdyourchampionship.b．高级表达：________________________________thepetition,itisdifficultforyoutoholdyourchampionship.(with复合结构)答案：a.takepartinb．Withsomanystudentsparticipatingin(1)participatein参与；参加participatein(doing)sth.withsb.与某人一起参与(做)某事(2)participationn.参加；参与(3)participantn.参加者；参与的人donatevt.捐赠，赠送(P34)单句语法填空①Besides,wehavemadea________(donate)ofsomemoney,expectingthatitcanhelpyougothroughthedifficulty.②Thedoctorislookingfora________(donate)withrarebloodtype.③Yesterday,ourschoolheldacharitybenefit,andmanypeoplemadedonations________theGreenProjectHope.答案：①donation②donator③to(1)donate...to...把……捐赠给……(2)donationn.捐赠；捐献donationof...……的捐赠makeadonation_to向……捐赠(3)donatorn.捐赠者distributionn.分配；分发；分布状态(P35)单句语法填空①Accordingtotherule,theprizeswill________(distribute)amongfivewinners.②Theprinterswillarrangetodistributethebooks________everyimportantcityinthecountry.③TheRedCrossisnoworganizingthe________(distribute)offoodandclothinginthedisasterarea.答案：①bedistributed②to③distribution(1)haveawidedistribution分布广泛anunfairdistribution分配不公(2)distributevt.分配；分发distributesth.to/among...把某物分配/分发给……operatevi.工作；运转；动手术vt.操作(P35)(1)写出下列句中operate的含义①Peopleweretrappedbetweenfloorsbecausetheliftdidn'toperateproperly.________②Nomatterwhichmachineheoperates,hewilldealwithitcarefully.________③Ifthedoctorhadoperatedonhimearlier,hewouldn'thavedied.________④Themedicinewilloperateintenminutes.________⑤Thepeopleoperatingthesefactoriesaredeeplyconcernedabouttheenvironment.________答案：①运转②操作③做手术④起作用⑤经营(2)单句语法填空①Formostpeople,it'salmostimpossible________(operate)aputerwithoutamouse,letalonesurftheInternet.②Withanincreasingnumberofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolvealotofactivities.③We'reallreadytoputit________operation;inotherwords,we'regoingtotakeactionasfastaspossible.答案：①tooperate②operation③into(1)operatethemachine操作机器operateonsb.给某人做手术(2)operationn.操作；手术；运转inoperation工作中；使用中；有效performanoperation做手术putsth.intooperation实施；使运转eintooperation开始施行；开始生效operatingsystem(计算机)操作系统(3)operatorn.操作人员(be)dyingtodosth.渴望做某事(P29)(1)单句语法填空①We'vebeenwalkingforanhour.I'mdying________acolddrink.②Mikeiseager________(stay)awayfromthebusycitylifeforawhile.③Theanimalsdied________starvationinthesnow.答案：①for②tostay③of(2)一句多译退休后，这位老人渴望回到家乡度过余生。①Theoldman________________________________fortherestofhislifeafterhisretirement.(dying)②Theoldman________________________________fortherestofhislifeafterhisretirement.(long)答案：①isdyingtogobacktohishometown②islongingtogobacktohishometowneq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1bedyingforsth.,bethirstyforsth.))渴望得到某物(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beanxioustodosth./forsth.,beeagertodosth./forsth.,longtodosth./forsth.))eq\a\vs4\al(想要做某事物；渴望做某事物)(3)dieof/from死于inneed在困难中；在危急中(P34)单句语法填空①Thousandsofpeopledonatedmoneyandfoodtochildren________need.②Yourprojectisintendedtomeettheir________(need),soyoumustconsidertheiropinions.③Weneedn't________(pack)ourthickclothes.Theweatherwasreallywarm.④Thereisnoneed________(put)themeetingaheadbecausewestillhavethreeweeksbeforetheendoftheterm.⑤Ashewasinneed________money,hewasforcedtosacrificethefurniture.答案：①in②needs③havepacked④toput⑤ofinneedof需要……satisfy/meetone'sneeds满足某人的需要needn't_have_done...本来没必要做而做了……Thereisno_need(forsb.)todo...(某人)没必要做……Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.(P29)(1)单句语法填空①Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,from________hesawnothingbuttrees.②Ihaveboughtthathouse,andfrom________IcanenjoythebeautifulsceneofYangpu③MycousingraduatedfromBeijing答案：①where②there③when(2)一句多译艾丽斯站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。①Alicestoodatthewindow,and________________________herclassmatesplayingfootball.②Alicestoodatthewindow,________________________herclassmatesplayingfootball.答案：①fromthereshecouldwatch②fromwhereshecouldwatch句中fromwhere引导的定语从句修饰aridge，关系副词where前一般不加介词，但fromwhere却是个例外。此处fromwhere相当于andfromthere(从那儿)，用于引导非限制性定语从句。如：Hehidhimselfinatree,fromwherehecouldseetheenemyinthedistance.他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。[名师点津]在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，而关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，除了fromwhere外，还有sincewhen(相当于andfromthen)也属特例，需特别注意。Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.(P34)单句写作①不是乘客而是司机应对这次事故负责。Notpassengersbutthedriver________________fortheaccident.②老实说，有时候投票者感到恼怒不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在情感和公平之间左右为难。Tobehonest,voterssometimesfeelannoyed,________________________________，butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.③我们不仅可以展出我们俱乐部的作品，而且还可以让一位这一领域的著名艺术家为我们制作一套有价值的剪纸。________________ourclub'sworksbedisplayed,butwealsohaveavaluablesetofpaper­cuttingscreatedbyafamousartistofthisfield.④真正重要的不是你将给我们多少钱，而是你会出席这个仪式。Nothowmuchmoneyyouwillgiveusbutthatyouarepresentattheceremonyreally________.答案：①istoblame②notbecausetheyhatevoting③Notonlywill④mattersnot...but...“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语的单复数形式应同就近的主语保持一致。“就近原则”连接词组notonly...butalso...不但……而且……neither...nor...既不……也不……either...or...或者……，或者……[名师点津]“notonly...butalso...”连接两个分句且notonly位于句首时，前一分句用部分倒装结构，后一分句不用倒装。课文语法填空分钟Joworkedatabushschoolwhoseclassrooms__1__(make)ofbambooandtheroofsofgrass.Therewasnoelectricityorwaterthere.__2__tookthestudentsabouttwohourstogettotheschool.Itwasverydifficultfornewerstoadapttothe__3__(live)conditions.Jodoubtedwhetherhecanmakesome__4__(different)tothechildren'slivesbyteachingthem.Theotherday,JovisitedTombe'shomewithanotherteacher.Whentheyarrivedatthevillage,Tombe'smother,__5__hadbeenworkinginhergarden,__6__(start)crying“ieeeieee”.Tombe'sfatherledthemtohishouse.Therewerenowindowsandthedoorwaywasjustbigenoughtogetthrough,alowbamboohutwithgrass__7__(stick)outoftheroof,wherehecouldonlyseeonebroom,afewtinplatesandcupsandacoupleofjars.__8__theyateweresweetpotatoes,cornandgreens.ThatnightJoandJennysleptona__9__(new)madeplatform.Theyleftthevillagethenextmorningaftermanygoodbyesandfirmhandshakes.Itwassuchaprivilegetohavespent__10__daywithTombe'sfamily.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6．________7.________8.________9.________10.________答案：1.weremade2.It3.living4.difference5.who6.started7.sticking8．What9.newly10.a▲Idoubtwhether/if...“我怀疑是否……”。▲doubt用于肯定句时，后面常用whether/if引导宾语从句或whether引导同位语从句；而doubt位于否定句中时，则后面常用that引导宾语从句或同位语从句。▲wasjustbigenoughtogetthrough为“adj.＋enough＋不定式”结构。意为“足够去做……”。▲itis/wasaprivilegetodo/that...意为“有权利做……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式或that从句。随堂检测分钟Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Myparentshadtroubleadjustingto________(live)inanapartment.答案：living2．Thedoctorsaidthatthepatienthadtobeoperated________atonce,whichmadeusallworried.答案：on3．Itwas________privilegetoperformonthesamestagewithsuchasuperstar.答案：a4．TheapplicationWeChatprovidesanetworkingplatform________municationisfasterandeasier.答案：where5．Ifthisproductdoesnotgiveyoupletesatisfaction,pleasereturnittothemanufacturer,statingwhenit________(purchase)．答案：ispurchased6．Duringthelastthreedecades,thenumberofpeople________(participate)inphysicalfitnessprogrammeshasincreasedsharply.答案：participating7．AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,Chineseastronautsare________(die)towalkinspace.答案：dying8．Alocalwomanhasgivenhernine­monthbabyasecondlifeby________(donate)partofherliveronSunday.答案：donating9．Thetyphoonsweptthe________(roof)ofmanyhouses,causinggreatdamagetothelocalpeople.答案：roofs10．Notthewayhedidit________hiswordswerecriticizedbythepeoplepresent.答案：butⅡ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．两周前，一个偏远的村庄不幸遭遇了洪灾。(remote)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Afortnightago,aremotevillagewasstruckbyfloodsunfortunately.2．据报道，很多人积极为困境中的人们捐款。(inneed)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：It'sreportedthatagreatnumberofpeopledonatedmoneytothepeoplewhowereinneed.3．此外，还有些人为幸存者买了很多必需品。(purchase;necessity)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Inaddition,otherspurchasednecessitiesforthesurvivors.4．令我们非常高兴的是，很多志愿者也参与到了救援工作中。(participatein)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Muchtoourdelight,agreatmanyvolunteersalsoparticipatedintherescuework.5．事实上，大家都渴望为他们做点什么。(bedyingto)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Actually,everyonewasdyingtodosomethingforthem.6．在大家的共同努力下，这个村庄很快得到了重建。(rebuild)__________________________