Unit4NaturalDisastersListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking重点单词短语句型课件高中英语人教版

ListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinking单词短语句型总结NATURALDISASTERSUNIT4Ⅰ．重点单词1．____________n.灾难；灾害2．___________n.旱灾；久旱3．_________vi.&

vt.(使)滑行；滑动4．_________n.洪水；大量

vi.淹没；大量涌入

vt.使灌满水；淹没→___________adj.洪水泛滥的5．__________n.&

vt.营救；救援6．__________vt.损害；破坏

n．损坏；损失7．___________vt.摧毁；毁灭disaster

drought

slide

flood

flooded

rescue

damage

destroy

8．_________n.死；死亡9．__________vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动10．___________n.避难处；居所；庇护

vt.保护；掩藏

vi.躲避(风雨或危险)11．________n.&

vt.破坏；毁坏12．___________n.百分之……

adj.&adv.每一百中→______________n.百分率；百分比13．_________n.砖；砖块death

affect

shelter

ruin

percent

percentage

brick

14．_________n.金属→_________n.模特；模范；榜样→_________n.奖章；勋章；纪念章→_________n.新闻媒体；传媒15．_________n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克

vt.(使)震惊→___________adj.感到震惊的→____________adj.令人震惊的metal

model

medal

media

shock

shocked

shocking

16．_______________n.电；电能→____________adj.电动的，用电的→______________adj.与(用)电有关的；电气科学的→______________adj.电子的17．________vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套

n．险境；陷阱18．________vt.埋葬；安葬19．___________vi.&

vt.呼吸→__________n.呼吸；气息→______________adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的→________________adv.气喘吁吁地；上气不接下气地electricity

electric

electrical

electronic

trap

bury

breathe

breath

breathless

breathlessly

20．__________n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→______________adj.不需费力的21．__________n.智慧；才智→________adj.有智慧的；英明的；明智的→__________adv.明智地；精明地22．___________n.上下文；语境；背景23．__________vt.遭受；蒙受

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→_____________n.疼痛；痛苦；苦难；折磨effort

effortless

wisdom

wise

wisely

context

suffer

suffering

Ⅱ．重点短语1．write________写下；记下2．refer______指的是；参考3．think_________考虑4．set______搭起；建立5．______least至少6．______usual像往常一样7．______if似乎；好像；仿佛

down

to

about

up

at

as

as

an

in

the

but

of

in

out

up

from

Ⅲ．重点句型1．Chickensandevenpigswere_______nervous______eat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。2．Itseemed________theworldwere_________________!世界末日似乎到了！too

to

asif

3．Thousandsofchildren____________withoutparents.成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。4．_______________people_______werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.地震中死亡和重伤的人数超过40万。wereleft

Thenumberof

who

Wehadgivenupthehopeofrescue.我们那时已经放弃了营救的希望。Werescuedhimfromtheenemy’scamp.我们把他从敌营中救了出来。重点单词1．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援to

wasrescued

rescuedababyfrom

Theearthquakedamagedseveralbuildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。Youhavedamagedmybicycle.Youwon’thaveitagain.你把我的自行车弄坏了。你别想再用了。Eatingtoomuchmeatonetimewillcausedamagetoyourstomach.一次吃太多肉会对你的胃造成损害。2．damagevt.损害；破坏

n．损坏；损失cause/dodamageto＝damage(v.)伤害；损伤do＋n.＋to短语doharmto＝beharmfulto＝bebadfor对……造成伤害/有害处dogoodtosb.＝dosb.good＝begoodforsb.对……有好处dowrongto冤屈，冤枉单句语法填空①Theheavyraindidn’tdomuchdamage______thecrops.②Herheart______________(damage)asaresultofthedisease.完成句子③Forthem,dietingnotonlyisuselessbutalsomight_____________________.对他们来说，节食不仅是无用的，而且可能会损害他们的健康。to

wasdamaged

damagetheir

health

3．destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭destructionn.

[U]破坏；毁坏destructiveadj.

破坏性的；造成破坏的用destroy的适当形式填空①Thestrongearthquakeleftdeathand_______________behindit.②Thetown________________inthewar,butthelibraryremained.③Itisthemost_______________stormin20years.④Withmoreforests__________________，hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.destruction

wasdestroyed

destructive

beingdestroyed

Hewasmuchaffectedbythesadnews.这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。Theadvertisingcampaigndidn’thavemucheffectonsales.这些广告攻势对销售额并没有起到多大作用。4．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；使感染；深深打动；感动单句语法填空①Oneofherlungs______________(affect)alittlesothatshehastorest.②Ithinkthe____________(affect)patientneedstobeisolated(隔离)．写出黑体部分的含义③Theaudiencewasdeeplyaffectedbyhisselflessspirit.(感动)④Morethansevenmillionpeoplehavebeenaffectedbydrought.(影响

)⑤Thisdiseaseaffectsmillionsintheworldeveryyear.(侵袭；感染

)isaffected

affected

Manyofthechildrenintheshelterareorphans.收容所里有好多孩子是孤儿。Humanbeingsneedclothing,foodandshelter.人类有衣、食、住的需求。Shewasaccusedofshelteringamurderer.她因为庇护谋杀犯而被控告。5．sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护

vt.保护；掩蔽

vi.躲避(风雨或危险)giveshelterto...给予……庇护的地方undertheshelterof...在……的庇护下wassheltered

to

Thestormruinedthecrops.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。Ifyougoonlikethis,you’llruinyourself.如果你继续这样下去，你会毁了你自己。6．ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏damage，destroy，ruindamage，destroy和ruin这三个单词均表示“破坏”“损坏”的意思，但各自的含义和用法不同。damagen.&v．通常是指部分性损坏，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低，有时用于比喻用法中。用作名词时常用于do/causedamagetosth.destroyv.通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，往往暗示无法或很难修复，有时用于比喻用法中ruinn.&v．指彻底毁坏，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，现多用于比喻用法，在表示真正具体摧毁或破坏某幢建筑物时，通常不用ruinruined

in

to

damaged

ruined

destroyed

Hehasneverrecoveredfromtheshockofhisfather’sdeath.他一直没有从他爸爸去世的打击中恢复过来。Yes,wearestillinshock,butwecame.是的，我们仍然感到震惊，但我们来了。Iwasshockedbythewayhetreatedhisownmother.他对待自己母亲的方式令我震惊。Weareveryshockedtohearthatthegoodsaredamaged.得知货物损坏的消息，我们感到非常震惊。7．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克

vt.(使)震惊inshock震惊；吃惊ashocktosb.令某人震惊的事toone’sshock令某人震惊的是shockedadj.感到震惊的beshockedat/by...对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.震惊地做某事shockingadj.令人震惊的单句语法填空①Lincoln’sdeathwasapieceofsurprisingnews.Thewholenationwas___________(shock)atthesadnews.②Logan’sdeathwaspointless—thatwaspartofthereasonwewere______shock.③O.Henry’sshortstoriesalwaysgavethereaders____________(shock)endings.shocked

in

shocking

一句多译听说他的病很严重，我吃了一惊。④Itgavemequite__________tobetoldhewasseriouslyill.⑤I____________________thathewasseriouslyill.ashock

wasshockedtohear

Duringthefire,hewastrappedinthebuilding.火灾发生时，他被困在大楼里。Somepeopleliketotrapoldpeopleintobuyingsomeuselessthings.有些人喜欢诱骗老年人买些无用的东西。Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.警察设下圈套来捉拿窃贼。Thetwothievesfellintoatrapatlast.那两个窃贼最终落入了圈套。8．trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套

n．险境；陷阱betrappedunder/in...被困于……trapodoingsth.诱骗某人干某事setatrap设置陷阱/布下圈套fallintoatrap落入圈套单句语法填空①Theyweretrapped______theburninghotel.②Thefoxandthedogbothfellinto_____trapsetbythefarmer.完成句子③Shehad_______________himandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。④Theyoungman_______________________________hispoorqualitymilk.那个年轻人诱骗那位老太太买了他的劣质牛奶。in

a

setatrapfor

trappedtheoldladyintobuying

Burytheoldworldandbuildanewone.埋葬旧世界，建设新世界。Heburiedhisfaceinhishands.他双手掩面。Hisbodywasburiedinsnow,buthisheadwasstickingout.他的身体被埋在雪里，但是头伸在外面。Buriedinhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthattheothershadleft.他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。9．buryvt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心in

buriedhimselfin

wasburiedin

Buriedin

Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardlybreathe.空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。Thedoctoraskedmetobreathein,thentobreatheoutfully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。10．breathevi.&vt.呼吸breathe(sth.)in吸气；吸入……breathe(sth.)out呼气；呼出……breathn．呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气takeabreath歇口气，歇会儿透口气loseone’sbreath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气breathlessadj.喘不过气来的；无风的of

their

tookadeepbreath

breathedthefreshair

Thelocalclubsaremakinganefforttoattractmoreyoungpeople.地方俱乐部正在努力来吸引更多的年轻人。Theysparednoefforttoimprovepeople’slife.他们不遗余力地改善人民的生活。Shetookadeepbreathandsatupslowlywithgreateffort.她深吸一口气，费力地慢慢坐起身来。11．effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。It’sawasteoftimeandeffort.这是在浪费时间和精力。若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，常与all,these等修饰语连用。Allhiseffortswereofnoavail.他的努力都没有用。单句语法填空①Theprisonermadeaneffort____________(escape),buthecouldn’tclimbtheprisonwall.②______anefforttohonorourrelationship,Ineedtotellyouthetruth.toescape

In

句型转换③Theyaretryingtheirbesttopreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.→Theyare_____________________topreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.→Theyare___________________topreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.makingeveryeffort

sparingnoeffort

Manypeoplearestillsufferingfromstarvation.很多人仍然在忍受饥饿之苦。Japanissufferinganotherdisasterbecauseofthenuclearleak.日本因核泄漏正遭受另一场灾难。12．suffervt.遭受；蒙受

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏sufferfrom...受……折磨；患……病sufferingn．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事sufferern．患难者；患病者suffer，sufferfrom(1)suffer后常加的名词多指抽象的损害、痛苦等，如sufferpain/defeat/losses/theresult/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。(2)sufferfrom常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词，表示遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。如sufferfromhunger/flood/fever/cold/disease“遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/患病”。Hesufferedmanydefeatsbeforesuccess.成功前他失败了很多次。Thechildsuffersfrommeasles.这个小孩得了麻疹。单句语法填空①Theoldmanwentthroughalotof______________(suffer)intheolddays.What’sworse,hesuffered________heartattackwhenhewasinhiseighties.②Alotofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose_____________(suffer)fromthefloods.③Relieffoodandclothingshouldbequicklysenttothe_____________(suffer)fromthegreatfire.sufferings

from

suffering

sufferers

选词填空(suffer/sufferfrom)④Unluckily,he________________asuddenheartfailureanddied.⑤Withinafewdaysshebecameseriouslyilland____________greatpain.sufferedfrom

suffered

重点短语1．setup设立；建立setoff出发；动身；开始setout出发；动身setabout(doingsth.)开始(做某事)单句语法填空①—Havegreatchangestakenplaceinyourvillage?—Yes.Anewschoolwasset______inthevillagelastyear.②Wesetabout____________(paint)thewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.up

painting

beatanend结束attheendof...在……的尽头bytheendof...到……末尾为止(常和完成时连用)reachtheendoftheline/road穷途末路intheend最终；最后makeendsmeet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计the

an

④Iamgoingtochargeanewdress,andpayforit______________themonth.我要去买一件新衣服，并在月底付款。⑤Theyhadachievedtheirplan______________lastmonth.截止到上个月底，他们已经完成了计划。⑥Hefailedsomanytimesthat____________hegaveuphope.他失败的次数太多了，以至于他最终放弃了希望。attheendof

bytheendof

intheend

FormilesandmilesIcouldseenothingbutagreatfireandlotsofsmoke.一连好几英里，除了大火和浓烟我什么也看不见。Hedidnothingbutsleepalldaylong.他什么也不干，成天睡觉。Icandonothingbutobeyit.我只能服从。3．nothingbut除……外什么也没有；只有；仅仅anythingbut绝不；根本不Iwasanythingbuthappyaboutgoing.我一点也不愿意出去。单句语法填空Underthesoilthereisnothing_______sand.but

Tensofthousandsofpeoplewerewatchingthegameinthestadiumwhenitbegantorain.数以万计的人正在体育馆看比赛，这时天突然下起雨来。4．tensofthousandsof数以万计的thousand,hundred等前有具体数字时不用复数，后接名词时不用of；但如果是表示不确定的数目，即表示“概数”时，用复数形式，且后跟of。twohundredstudents两百名学生hundreds/thousandsof...数以百计/千计的……dozensof许多；大量scoresof许多；大量hundredsof数以百计的thousandsof数以千计的millionsof数以百万计的hundredsandhundredsof成百上千的hundredsofthousandsof成千上万的单句语法填空Thousands______peopleleftthecountrysidetoworkinthecity.of

Theydugoutanoldvase.他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。Itriedtodigoutthetruth.我设法探出真相。5．digout掘出；发现diginto挖掘；深入钻研digup找出；查明单句语法填空Imustremembertodig_______thatbookforyou.out

(1)这是由并列连词and连接的两个简单句。(2)too...to...太……而不能Thewiresaretoohighforchildrentoreach.线太高，孩子们够不着。重点句型1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。Hewastooilltotravel.他病得太重了，不能远行。It’stoohotadaytowork.天气太热了，无法工作。too...to...句型在下列情况下表示肯定意义：(1)与某些表示心情的或描述性的形容词连用时，too相当于very，意为“非常”。此类形容词常见的有happy,glad,easy,ready,willing,nervous,good,kind,surprised等。在该用法中，常在too前加上only,but,all,simply或just，用来加强语气。Tomis(only)toogladtohelpyou.汤姆非常乐意帮助你。Theyare(all)toowillingtotaketheopinionsofothers.他们都非常愿意接受别人的意见。(2)too前有not,never,can’t等否定词修饰时构成双重否定，表示肯定意义，意为“并非太……；不会太……；再……也不过分”。Englishisnottoodifficulttolearn.英语并不难学。It’snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。Youcan’tbetoocarefultodoyourhomework.你做作业越仔细越好。单句语法填空①Theproblemistoodifficultforthestudents__________(work)out.翻译句子②Iamonlytoowillingtohavesomeonetospeakto.我能找到人聊聊天，______________。③Iwastooexcitedtofallasleeplastnight.我昨晚____________________。④Iamnevertoobusytoansweryourphonecall!__________________________!towork

我太高兴了太兴奋了没睡着觉我不会忙得不接你的电话asif引导的从句在句中作表语，asif“仿佛；好像”。Itseemedasif...意为“看起来好像……”。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown－up.那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个大人似的。Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasifshewasangry.她匆忙离开了房间，好像很生气的样子。Itlooksasifitwillrainbeforelong.看起来一会儿就要下雨了。asif＝asthough仿佛；好像evenif＝eventhough即使若asif/asthough引导的从句可能是真实的事情或情况时，用陈述语气；若与事实相反或不符，通常用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时，be动词用were；表示与过去事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。(1)asif/asthough引导表语从句。Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。Itlooksasiftheskywerefallingdown.天看起来好像要塌下来似的。(2)asif/asthough引导方式状语从句。Hetalksasifheweretheowneroftheworld.(与现在事实相反，be动词用were)他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。Hetalksasifhehadbeentothemoon.(与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时)他说起话来好像他去过月球似的。Shetalksandtalksasifshewouldneverstop.(与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用would＋动词原形)她说呀说呀，好像永远也说不完。(3)asif引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。Hetalksasifaphilosopher.他说起话来就好像是一个哲学家似的。Theladycriedandlaughedasifmad.这位女士哭了又笑，好像疯了。Tomdroppedhisheadanddidn’tdaresayaword,asifnotknowingtheanswer.汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。Hetalksasifdrunk.从他谈话的样子来看，他像是醉了。Tomopenedhismouthasiftosaysomething.汤姆张开嘴好像要说什么。单句语法填空①—Whatanoise!Icanhardlystandit.—Itsounds______iftheyarehavingapartynextdoor.②Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedasif_________(see)whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.as

tosee

③Shelooksasifshe________(be)tenyearsyounger.④HetalkedaboutLondonasifhe___________(be)there.⑤Heopenedhismouthasifhe____________(say)something.完成句子⑥Itseemed______________hehadknownthefactalready.他好像早已知道事实了。were

hadbeen

wouldsay

asif/though

(1)Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.是．..leftthousandsofchildrenwithoutparents的被动形式。withoutparents是