高三英语一轮复习句子成分课件

句子成分点击此处可添加副标题句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。包括九大成分：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语、同位语、独立成分。名词代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词从句总结：可以充当主语的有：从名不动代数谐音：聪明不懂代数练习:画出主语找到谓语动词担任谓语动词的可以是：

1.单一动词（短语）2.情态动词/助动词+动词找到宾语名词代词、动名词名词、数词名词化形容词，名词不定式短语动名词短语从句宾语一般位于及物动词和介词后面总结：可以充当宾语的有：从名不动代数谐音：聪明不懂代数

因为爱着你的爱因为梦着你的梦所以悲伤着你的悲伤幸福着你的幸福因为路过你的路因为苦过你的苦所以快乐着你的快乐追逐着你的追逐牵手

因为爱着你的爱

因为梦着你的梦

所以悲伤着你的悲伤

幸福着你的幸福

因为路过你的路

因为苦过你的苦

所以快乐着你的快乐

追逐着你的追逐

直接宾语、间接宾语、复合宾语（宾语+宾补）、同源宾语laughagoodlaugh

大笑smileagentlesmile微微一笑singasweetsong唱了一曲甜美的歌dreamaterribledream

做了一个噩梦liveahappylife

过着幸福的生活dieaheroicdeath英勇地死去breatheadeepbreath

深吸一口气宾语的种类同源宾语:宾语与动词的词根相同定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语分为前置定语和后置定语。前置定语1.Thisisastonetable.2.Openyourmouthandputoutyourtongue.3.61studentsaresittingintheclassroom.4.Weshouldfollowthedoctor'sadvice.5.Weshouldadapttothechangingsituation.6.Hehadtwofriedeggs.7.Itisadifficultproblem.8.Hedrankaglassofbeer.名词代词数词名词所有格现在分词过去分词形容词量词……的后置定语形容词副词介词短语不定式现在分词过去分词定语从句一般：前短后长口诀：前:格形代数名现过量（个性袋鼠明显过量）；后:形副从不过介现（幸福从不过界限）。1、画出下列句子的定语1.Sheisakind-heartedoldlady.2.LangLangisabrilliantpianist.3.Insparetime,he

lovesreadingsciencefiction.4.Somewomendoctorsweresittinginthemeetingroom.5.Thesurroundinglakesarerichinfish.6.Theremainingstudentswillserveastheaudience.7.Heheldsomeprinteddocumentsinhishand.8.Tomorrowisher20thbirthday.9.

Iaminneedofasetofbooks.10.Thecrueloldmanalwayseatswithapairofoldbamboochopsticks.11.FengChengisacountyrichincoal.12.I'lltellyousomethinginteresting.13.Thecloudsabovebegantogetthicker.14.Readtheparagraphbelow.15.Themanwhorobbedhimhasbeenarrested.16.Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.17、That'sagoodwaytosolvetheproblem.18.Youhavenorighttodosuchathing.19.Doeshe

havetheabilitytodothiswork?20.Thissummerwewilllauncharocketdesigned

byourselves.21.ThetalkgivenbyProf.Wuwasagreatsuccess.22.Theshortspeechdeliveredbythescientistisofgreatbenefit.23.Theoldladywavingtousismyaunt.24.Thereisahighwayleadingtotheirvillage.25.MysisterisaPh.Dineconomics.26.

Sheisawomanofsweettemper(脾气好).

27.Hewasaboyfromapoorfamily.28.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.29.ThemembersofEDGandotherstaffworetradtionalChinesecostumesandperformedmartial(军事的)artsinIcelandwherethe2021Championshipwasheld.《赢在微点》30.Mygrandfatherownedasmallgrocerystore,andoneoftheirregularswasacharmingmanwhowasthecenterofattentionwhereverhewent.Homework1.一个动人的故事2.有限的知识3.找点吃的东西4.一条由汤姆提出的建议5.一本关于穷人的书6.中国的大城市7.穿灰色制服的那个男人8.一些南方来的学生9.这里的空气10.上面的照片11.一件家具12.一块蛋糕13.一杯咖啡14.100张信用卡15.你借给我的那些书很有用。（定语从句）

KEYS1.atouchingstory2.limitedknowledge3.findsomethingtoeat4.asuggestion/apieceofadvice(which/that)wasputforwardbyTom5.abookaboutthepoor6.thebigcitiesofChina7.theman(dressed)inagreyuniform8.somestudentsfromtheSouth9.theairhere10.thepictureabove11.apieceoffurniture12.apieceofcake13.acupofbeer14.100creditcards15.Thosebooksthatyoulenttomewereveryuseful.填空题/单句改错

1.Thereare200children_______(study)intheartschool.2.Thereisnoneed_________(worry)aboutit.3.Ihaven’tgotachance_________(talk)toheryet.4.ForPriutt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthing________(do)wasreplacehisstolenbike.5.Theplumtreesarethefirst______(flower)evenasthesnowismelting.6.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone’sabilitytodealingwithproblemsandhardships.1.studying2.toworry3.totalk4.todo5.toflower6.dealing-deal牢记重点（1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰，常用不定式作后置定语。佳句Millionssawtheapplefall,butNewtonwasthefirstonetoaskwhy.看到苹果落下的人不计其数，但牛顿是第一个问为什么的。（2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰：ability,chance,opportunity,need,way,wish,effort,right,ambition,patience,attempt等名词。翻译我们应该了解它的优缺点，并找到一个使我们的学习更为有效的恰当的方法。Weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesand_________________________________________________________.findaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient状语:是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式(伴随)、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。TomspeakesEnglishveryfluently.Hetraveledinthedesertforsixmonths.Togetagoodview,heclimbedtothetopofthehill.Beingapoorworker,hecan'taffordtobuyacar.Seenfromspace,theearthlookslikeahugewater-coveredglobe.Thepooroldmanlayunderthebridge,dead.Whenshepressedthebutton,thedooropened.副词介词短语不定式现在分词过去分词形容词从句练习：划出下列句中的状语1.Theycertainlyworkedhard./That'sremarkablycheap.It'swellworththemoney.2.shewasillforaweek,andduringthatweeksheate

nothing.3.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.4.Hecutitwithaknife.5.Hewasanxioustodiscussitwithyou.6.I'mproudtobeaChinese.7.Theboynodded,paleandscared.8.Helpless,Idecidedtogiveupthejob.9.Helaystill,staringattheceiling.10.Helookedhealthierthanwehadeverseenhim.21.Unfortunately,hisfatherdied,leavinghisfamilyevenworseoff.形容词（短语）作状语&副词作状语的区别

形容词（短语）作状语:说明主语的状态，可位于句首、句中、句末。副词作状语：用来修饰整个句子，一般位于句首。ExhaustedLuckilyWorriedUndoubtedlyproudly-proudWorriedandhelpless,Ihadno...Exercise:划出状语1.Takethispowderthreetimesadayaftereachmeal.2.TheotherdayIsawyoursister-in-lawinDong’anBazaar.3.Atthebeginningofthebookthereisoftenatableofcontents.4.LuxembourgliesbetweenBelgium,GermanyandFrance.5.ShewentbacktoBoston,eagertoseeherchildren.6.Takingoffhisjacket,hejumpedintothewater.7.Herushedout,evenforgettingtotakehisovercoat.8.Movedbyhisspeech,manypeoplevolunteeredtohelpinthework.9.Suchdescriptionsaresovividthatthereadersfeelsheisactuallythere.10.Thefirsttimeyoutalkedtous,wefeltabitnervous.改错1.I’amawfulsorrynottohavetoldyoubeforehand.2.Wefullagreewithwhatyousaid.3.Nobodyhaseverbeenseriousillsincethen.4.Strange,Ihaveneverseenthattelevisionshow.5.Thebuildingisbadinneedofrepair.6.Thebuildingisinbadlyneedofrepair.7.Smallthoughtheincidentwas,butitmadeherthinkhardly.(两处)8.Oncethetrainwasmoving,sotherewasnowaytostoppingit.(两处)9.Ileftimmediatetheclockstrucktwelve.awful-awfullyfull-fullyserious-seriouslystrange-strangelybad-badlybadly-bad去掉but,hardly-hard去掉so，stopping-stopimmediate-immediately补足语：补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质或状态的一种句子成分。含有宾语补足语的句子在变为被动句时，宾语补足语便成了主语补足语。

名词形容词副词介词短语现在分词过去分词不定式划出下列句子的补足语形容词形容词形容词形容词形容词副词副词名词名词介词短语11.Hisillnesskepthiminbedforaweek.12.Canyouimaginemedoingsuchathing?13.Shehadkepthimwaitingtwentyminutesonthisoccasion.14.Hewatchedthepianocarrieduprtairs.15.Wewished

theproblemsettled.16.Atthemeetingtheyinvitedmetospeak.17.Ishouldpreferhimtodoitinadifferentway.介词短语现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词不定式不定式如何区别双宾语和复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)1.---IwillmakeAlexmyhusband.2.---IwillmakeAlexacake.3.WenamedhimTom.4.WeallcallthebabySara.5.Ifindhimareliableman.6.Wehavemadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.7.Mymummademeabeautifuldress.复合宾语复合宾语复合宾语复合宾语复合宾语双宾语双宾语--IwillmakeacakeforAlex.--Mymummadeabeautifuldressforme.单句填空／单句改错carriedmyselflookingwanderingspendingyourself1.leave+宾语＋形容词／名词／介词短语“使……处于某种状态”；2.leave+宾语＋doing/done/todo“使······做／被做／要做”Unfortunate-Unfortunately;poor-poorerastonishing-astonishedfluent-fluently;me后加tointelligence-intelligent试写佳句

1.走在自然保护区，你会发现自己被迷人的景色所吸引。（2021·天津高考满分作文）Walkinginthenaturereserve,________________________________________________.2.我来到美国之后，发现自己生活在完全陌生的异国文化(foreigncilture)中。AfterIarrivedinAmerica,______________________________________________________.英翻中3.Ruralschoolingwasdividedintosummerandwinterterms,leavingkidsfreetohelpwiththefarmworkinthespringplantingandfallharvestseasons.you’llfindyourselfattractedbytheamazingscenery同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词／代词在语法处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。同位语常常位于被说明的词之后。Wehavetwoforeignteachers,aCanadianandanAmerican.Yougirlsaremuchmoreactivethanusboys.ThisisProfeserBaker，headofourdepartment.Theyeachcangetachancetotravelbyair.Thetheoryitselfisallright.Areyouthreereadytostartout?Some485millionpeople,two-fifthsofourpopulation,liveinthisarea.Thenewsthatwe'rehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue名词（短语）代词数词从句练习：划出下列句子中的同位语1.LiuYi,aretireddepartmentstoreassistant,openedthefirstprivatelyownedgroceryintown.2.Wang,thesonofapoorpeasant,enteredBeijing

NormalUniversity.3.Thereweretwosoundsintheroom,thefalling

rainandMrs.Danver'scrying.4.Iwanttobeateacher,oneall

thestudentsrespect.5.Aboutamillionpeopleinthe

province,mostyoung

peasants,areplantingtreesalongthebanksofthe

river.6.Thetheoryitselfisallright.7.Wehaveeverythingweneed:land,funds,andtechnology.8.Mysuggestionthatweshouldsticktoouroriginal

planwasfinallyaccepted.9.Therewasnodoubtthathewasafinemusician.10.HehadnoideawhataremarkablewomanMaggieis.11.Therumourspreadthatanewschoolwouldbebuilthere.12.Thestorygoesthatheoftenbeatshiswife.13.Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledaway.同位语从句：用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句。可以跟名词性从句的的名词主要是抽象名词：suggestion,advice,evidence/proof,rumour,belief,doubt,idea,news,possibility,promise,problem,thought,wish,question,truth等。同位语从句的引导词：主要是that,也有whether,who,where,when,why,what,how.that和whether在同位语从句中不作成分，that无意思，不能省略，whether是“是否”。其他的均有意思并在从句中作成分。同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,advice,request,order,demand,requirement等表示“建议，命令，要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。(should)use(should)be(should)be划出同位语1.Shanghai，one

of

the

biggest

cities

in

China，is

the

most

developed.2.Theyoungmantriedtoachievehisaim—enteringthekeyuniversity.3.Itscurrentleader,EdMilcan,oweshispositiontovotesfromtheunions.4.Itusuallyleadsto“disaster”—drinking,drugsandlossofsleep.5.Inanothercase,AmericanarchitectsDavidJamesandGeorgeHillmanspentyearssystematicallydesigningtheentirebuilding.6.ItissaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionappearingwithWindows8,wouldbefreeofcharge.7.BobLee,thechiefprofessoroftheAssociationofNationalAdvertisers,saysconsumerswillleaveiftheindustrycannotcollectinformationabouttheirpreferences.8.Thenumberofpapersincludingthekeywords"environmentalchange”or"climatechange"haveincreasedrapidlysince2004.9.Behindthecase,theyhavebeenpointingfingersatsomeoneelse:thepolicymakers.10.Wereceivedorderthatourtroopbesenttothefronttofightagainsttheflood.填空题1.Mr.Bob,____________________(我们的英语老师),isnotonlystrictinhisworkbutalsostrictwith____________(我们学生).2.你最好询问病人本人关于她的病情。You’dbetterask___________________abouthertrouble.3.__________(我们每个人)knowourownstrengthsandweaknesses.4.Arethereseatsenoughfor________(我们五人)?5.他们表达了他们的希望，将再来中国访问。Theyexpressedtheirhope______________________tovisitChinaagain.6.Ihavenoidea____________________(机场在哪儿).WeeachthepatientherselfourEnglishteacherusstudentsusfivewheretheairportis独立成分：与句子没有关系或关系不密切、独立于句子之外的成分称为独立成分。感叹词、称呼语和插入语是英语中常见的三种独立成分。感叹词是表示说话时的情绪。多置于句首，可用逗号，情绪较强时，用感叹号。There,there!It'snothingseriousatall.Aha!I'vegotyourighthere.Why！You'veruinedmyplan.Oh!Howyoufrightenedme!称呼语作独立成分可置于句首、句中、句末。Ladiesandgentlemen,I'vegotanimportantannouncement

tomake.Lookout,John!There'sacarrunningover.Hi,everyone!Allowmetointroducemyself.插入语：可位于句首、句中、句末，一般用逗号隔开，偶尔也不用，起到对句子进行补充或附加说明的作用，说明说话人的态度。Whodoyouthinkcanbefitforthejob？Thisisthegoodchance,Ithink,thatyoucanwin.Ican'tmakeitFriday,I'mafraid.Heisabadguy,youknow.

Bytheway,whereareyoufrom?八种常见的插入语1.副词作插入语:certainly,surely,indeed,however,exactly,fortunately,luckily,probably,personally等。Idon’tmindatall.Indeed,Iwouldbedelightedtohelp.2.介词短语作插入语：infact,inone’sopinion,ofcourse,aboveall,firstofall,bytheway，forexample,suchas...等。Sir,youhavetoadmitthatyouare,infact,indifficulties.3.不定式作插入语：tobefrank,totell(you)thetruth,tobesure(当然）Tobefrank,thisisawonderfulplace.4.现在分词作插入语：generallyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,franklyspeaking,judgingfrom/by···等Generallyspeaking,Iamverysatifiedwith

your

job.5.形容词（短语）作插入语:sureenough(果然)，worsestill,strangetosay,needlesstosay,mostimportantofall等Theproblem,needlesstosay,shouldbesettledimmediately.6.分句作插入语:Isay/hear,Ithink/hope/believe,youknow/see,what’smore,thatis(tosay),I’mafraid,doyouthink/suppose/believe等Noone,Ithink,couldhavewrittenitwithoutpossessingsomepowerofreasoning.

同位语和插入语的区别区别在于同位语与前面的名词有关系，它们说的是同一个人或同一件事；而插入语与左右两边的内容都没有直接关系。语法填空

（2022·河北省名校联盟一诊(划分句子成分）

StartingfromNov.Ist,2020,

peoplewillbeknockingondoorsacrossthecountrytocollectpersonalinformation.Thisisfortheseventhnationalpopulationcensus(人口普查）．China1._______________（conduct)anational

surveyevery10yearssincethe1990s.