八年级英语牛津8Bunit1语法教案2

八年级英语牛津8Bunit1语法教案2八年级英语牛津8Bunit1语法教案21Presentperfecttense

现在完成时

构成:用法一：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.have/has

+过去分词22020/11/30Presentperfecttense现在完成时 构成21.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago32020/11/301.都表示过去发生的事presentpastIhavel3eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.2.Whendidyoucomehere?

IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9:00.

42020/11/30eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat4什么时候使用现在完成时？52020/11/30什么时候使用现在完成时？52020/11/305表示现在完成时的时间副词62020/11/30表示现在完成时的时间副词62020/11/306一、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。yet在否定句中有“还”之意。“Hasthebusleftyet”?“Yes.Ithasalreadyleft.”(“No.Ithasn’tleftyet.)“汽车开走了吗？”“是的，已经开走了。”“不，还没有开走。”72020/11/30一、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意7二、“already”用于现在完成时的肯定句中,“yet”用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中.

用“already”“yet”填空。

Hehas()visitedmany

placesinChina.

注意"already"在句中的两种位置.

Thetrainhasn‘tarrived（）.火车（到现在）还没有到。

Hasshearrived（）?

她已经到了吗？Hasn‘thecome（）?她还没来吗？alreadyyet

yet

yet82020/11/30二、“already”用于现在完成时的肯定句中,“8三、ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。“Haveyoueverseenthefilm?”“No.Ihaveneverseenit.”“你曾经看过这部影片吗？”“没有，从来没看过。”Nobodyinourclasshaseverbeenthere.我们班没有人去过那。92020/11/30三、ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意9四、just,recently是完成时的时间状语，justnow有amomentago之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。Thetrainhasjustarrived.火车刚到。DidyouseeJoanjustnow?你刚才看到琼了吗？Haveyouheardfromyourfamilylately/recently?你最近收到家人的来信了吗？102020/11/30四、just,recently是完成时的时间状语，just10五、since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点。

Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。He’slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。112020/11/30五、since短语或从句表示过去的动112020/11/3011六、for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段。

Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我们认识有二十年了。

Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.

我好久没有见到她了。122020/11/30六、for短语表示动作延续多长时122020/11/3012Thedoghasbeendeadforthreedays.Shehasbeenhad

(buy)thebookfortwoweek

这是为什么呢？

牛津版初中英语八年级下132020/11/30Thedoghasbeendeadforthre13Grammar:表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来Mikeborrowedthebookstwodaysago.Mikehaskeptthebooksfortwodays.142020/11/30Grammar:表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在14

Hehasboughtthebook.Hehasboughtthebookforaweek.Hehashadthebookforaweek.有些动词不能和for,since,howlong等连用152020/11/30Hehasboughtthebook.有些动词不能15Shehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/has

had162020/11/30Shehasboughtthecomputer16HowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/has

beenin

172020/11/30Howlonghaveyoucometothe17AnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beeningotohave/has

beenin182020/11/30AnnhasgonetoChinasinceth18IhavegottoParisforoneweek.beeningottohave/has

beenin192020/11/30IhavegottoParisforonewe19Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldierjoin

have/has

beeninhave/has

beenasoldier

202020/11/30Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmy20IhaveleftShanghaifor3days.

beenawayfromShanghaileavehave/has

beenaway

212020/11/30IhaveleftShanghaifor21Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenonbeginhave/has

beenon

222020/11/30Thefilmhasbegunfor10mi22Ihaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptborrowhave/has

kept232020/11/30Ihaveborrowedthedictio23Theconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenoverfinishhave/has

beenover

242020/11/30Theconcerthasfinishedf24Hisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendead

die

have/has

beendead

252020/11/30Hisdoghasdiedfortwo25Shehasmarriedforsixyears.beenmarriedmarry

have/has

beenmarried

262020/11/30Shehasmarriedforsix26切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：buy

borrowopencloseleavediejoinbegin

---have

--keep---beopen

---beclosed--beaway

---bedead--beamemberof---beon272020/11/30切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词27常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedinbein

bedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedin282020/11/30常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变arrive/come/g28标志词：for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,

theseyears,sofar,inthepast/last…yearsWe__________(learn)Englishforthreeyears/sincetwoyearsago/since2000.Mr.Green_________(be)inChinatheseyears.They____________(write)15songssofar.Thepopulation____________(grow)moreslowlyinthepasttenyears.havelearnedhasbeenhavewrittenhasgrown292020/11/30标志词：for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,

29Exercises

Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)Myteacherhasjust

leftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days302020/11/30ExercisesHisfatherhasdied.30Correcting

1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch312020/11/30Correcting1.Ihaveborrowed316.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwicehashasbeenindidopenbeento322020/11/306.Tenyearshavepassedsince32含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。Shehasworkedfortenyears....

Shebegantoworktenyearsago.Shehasworkedsincetenyearsago.Itistenyearssinceshebegantowork.Tenyearshaspassed

sinceshebegantowork.提升与补充332020/11/30含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。Shebegant33重点句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句

段时间+haspassed+since从句

eg.他死了两年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.

342020/11/30重点句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段时间+sinc34

这本书我借了一个月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.352020/11/30这本书我借了一个月了。Iborrowedthis35have/hasgoneto…

have/hasbeenin…

have/hasbeento…

1.A:Where’sJim,LiLei?B:He______________hisschoollibrary.2.TheGreens_____________Chinaforthr