中国历史故事(二)-2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读

2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读□中国历史故事（二）

题型主要内容

1完形填空介绍了匡衡凿壁偷光的故事。

完形填空

2讲述了班超出使鄱善国，带领30多名士兵杀死了敌人并成功与鄱善国签平等

条约的故事。

3阅读理解讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事。

4阅读理解讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。

5短文选词填空介绍了成语“抛砖引玉”的典故。

01

（2022•辽宁鞍山•中考真题）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。

TherearemanygreatstoriesinChinesehistory.Thisisoneofthemosteducationalstories.

KuangHengwasaveryfamouspersonintheWesternHanDynasty,andhewasbornina]

family.Helikedreadingverymuch.Heneededtoworkinthedaytime,sohehadtoreadbooksduringthe

night.Buthewastoopoortobuya2.

Oneday,hefoundhisneighborhadcandles,butthelightcouldn'tgo3thewall.After

thinkingforawhile,hehadanidea.He4asmallholeinthewallinhishousesothathecoulduse

thelightfromhisneighbor'shousetoreadbooks.Fromthatdayon,hereadbookseverynight5

thelightwentout.Aftersomedays,inhishousetherewerenobooksforhimtoread.Thenhewenttoarich

man'shouseandworkedforhimwithout6anymoney.Hearingthis,therichmanthoughtthat

KuangHengwas7butstillasked,44Youmeantyouwouldworkformeforfree.Butwhy?"Kuang

Hengreplied,"Well,Ionlywantto8yourbookstoread.Thafsenough.^^

Therichmanwasdeeplymovedandhe9.KuangHengreadthebooksintherichman'shouse

onebyone.10,hebecameagreatscholar（学者）.Ifyouarestillworriedaboutreadingbooks,ifs

necessaryforyoutolearnfromKuangHeng.

1.A.richB.smallC.poorD.big

2.A.candleB.houseC.bookD.match

3.A.byB.overC.acrossD.through

4.A.foundB.hungC.dugD.put

5.A.ifB.untilC.althoughD.after

6.A.askingforB.givingbackC.payingforD.layingout

7.A.simpleB.smartC.seriousD.stupid

8.A.lendB.borrowC.buyD.keep

9.A.advisedB.agreedC.achievedD.argued

10.A.SuddenlyB.CertainlyC.FinallyD.Unluckily

02

（2022年辽宁省沈阳市沈河区中考二模英语试题）DuringtheHandynasty,therewasageneral

namedBanChao.Oneday,hewassenttovisitShanshanstate（鄱善国）（nearmodemXinjiang）inthewestern

regions.

The11ofBan'stripwastoestablish（建立）goodrelationswiththestate.Hebroughtonly

about30soldiers12him.TheShanshankingreceivedthemkindlyandtreatedthemwell.

AtthattimetherewasanationcalledXiongnuorHuninthenorth.ItoftenfoughtagainstHan'sarmy.

AfewdaysafterBan'steamhad13Shanshan,Xiongnualsosentmessengers（使者）andagroup

ofsoldierstothestate.Theyspoke14ofBantothekingofShanshan.Thekingwasalmost

convinced（说月艮）bythem.Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（态度）towardsBan'sgroup.

WhenBansawthis,hecalledtogetherhissoldiersandsaidto15,“Nowweareinavery

dangeroussituation.TheShanshankingisnolongertreatingusina16manner（态度）.Ifwedon't

doanything,hemay17usovertotheHuns.Inthiscase,wewillneitherbeabletocompleteour

tasknorreturnalive.

“Whatshouldwedonow?”askedthesoldiers/'Wewillall18you!

Thegeneralsaid,“TheHunshave19soldiersthanwedoandtheShanshankingislikelyto

supportthem.Ourtaskisasdifficultasstealinga20tigerfromagroupofadulttigers.Ifwedon't

venture（冒险）intotheircave,howcanweachieveourgoal?Wehaveno21buttoattackandkill

allofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept.n

22,BanledhissoldierssecretlytotheHuns'camp.There,hesetfireandbeatthewardrums

loudly.TheHunsoldierswerevery23.Afterafiercebattle（激战），Ban'sarmykilledmorethan

10024

Thenextday,BanmetwiththekingofShanshan.Thekingadmired（钦佩）Ban'sbravery25

hefearedBanatthesametime.Heimmediatelysignedapeacetreaty（条约）withBan.

11.A.experienceB.methodC.troubleD.purpose

12.A.behindB.withC.aboutD.under

13.A.arrivedinB.wentthroughC.walkedpastD.returnedfrom

14.A.badlyB.highlyC.warmlyD.coldly

15.A.usB.himC.youD.them

16.A.deadlyB.sillyC.friendlyD.lovely

17.A.handB.lookc.getD.think

18.A.listentoB.hearfromC.lookatD.makefriendswith

19.A.lessB.moreC.fewerD.weaker

20.A.silkB.babyC.paperD.crayon

21.A.chanceB.changeC.choiceD.challenge

22.A.InthemorningB.IntheafternoonC.AtnoonD.Atnight

23.A.relaxedB.excitedC.frightenedD.interested

24.A.enemiesB.horsesC.guestsD.teams

25.A.andB.butC.orD.so

03

(2022年重庆市第一中学校中考三模英语试题)IntheWarringStatesPeriod,thereweremany

shiningnamesintheriverofthehistory.LianPoandLinXiangruwereamongthem.Bothofthemwere

generalsoftheStateofZhao.Theybothcontributedalottotheircountry.LianPowasgoodatfighting

againstenemiesinthewarwhileLinXiangruwasstronginprovidingwisesuggestionsfortheking.

Oneday,LinXiangrutookalotoftroubletogetavaluablejade(H)backfbrtheking.Thentheking

highlypraisedhim.LianPofeltunhappyandsaid,'THmakeLinXiangrufeelashamedandfoolishthenext

timeImeetLinXiangruheardofthisfromothers.Inordernottocausetrouble,hetriedhisbestto

avoidmeetingLianPo.BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytrouble

betweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.Sohekeptsilent.

LaterwhenLianPorealizedhismistake,hewassoashamedthathewenttoLinXiangru'shomecarrying

bramblesonhisbackandaskedfbrpunishment.LinXiangruwelcomedhimwarmlyandconsideredhimas

hisbestfriend.

26.LianPoandLinXiangruwereboth.

A.kingsB.soldiersC.generalsD.enemies

27.AfterhearingwhatLianPosaidfromothers,LinXiangru.

A.saidsorrytoLianPoB.toldtheking

C.keptsilentD.visitedLianPo

28.Accordingtothepassage,itisTRUEthat.

A.thekingpreferredLianPotoLinXiangru

B.LianPodidn'trealizehismistakeatlast

C.LianPogotavaluablejadebackfbrtheking

D.LinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst

29.Whichpicturebestdescribesthestory?

04

（2022年江苏省盐城市滨海县第一初级中学中考三模英语试题）DuringtheTangDynasty,

EmperorTaizongaskedtheprimeminister（宰相）FengDeyitorecommendtalentedpeople.However,

severalmonthspassed.Fengdidn'trecommendanyone.

“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualandwell-rounded（全面发展的）peopleatall.”

Fengsaid."Peoplearelikeutensils（器物）.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirstrengths.

Youshouldblameyourselffbrnotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalented

peopleinourera?,,saidtheemperor.

Indeed,eachutensilortoolhasaspecificfunction.Aknifeismadetocutthingswhilechopsticksarc

madetopickupfood.Wecan'tuseaknifeasachopstick.Likeautensil,eachpersonhasaparticularstrength.

Nobodyisperfect.Wecan'texpectapersontobegoodateverything.

Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.He

offeredthemimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalents.Histalentedpeople

helpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda"goldenage”.

AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperor

Taizongofferedhimapositionandpromoted（晋升）himmanytimes.Mahelpedtheemperordealwith

complicatedissuesandbecameawell-knownpersoninhistory.

Aslongasapersonistalentedinoneaspect,weshouldgivethemachance.Thesameideacanbefound

intheAnaletsofConfiicus（《论语》）.Treatingpeopleasutensilsshowsnotonlygoodleadership,buta

sincereandinclusiveattitude.

30.Whycouldn'tFengDeyifindanytalentedpeopleatfirst?

A.Therewerenotalentedpeoplethen.B.Hewasafraidofbeingreplaced.

C.Hetriedtofindwell-roundedpeople.D.Hewasdissatisfiedwiththeemperor.

31.MaZhouisagoodexampleofpeoplewho.

A.havenotalentbutarestillusefulB.areunusualandwell-rounded

C.knowwhentotakeachanceD.showtalentintherightfield

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Chancefavorsonlythepreparedmind.

B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

D.Talentedpeopleshouldbevaluedandledtotherightplace.

05

（2022•辽宁鞍山•三模）阅读短文，选择方框里的词并用其适当的形式填空，使短文意思完整，通顺。

（每词只能用一次，有两个单词是多余的）

hear,polite,happy,if,visit,when,talent,write,during,they,use,sound

DuringtheTangDynastyinancientChina,therelivedamannamedZhaoGu.Hewroteverygood

poems.Evenfamouspoetsofhistimeenjoyedreading33.Atthattime,inaplacecalledWu,there

livedamannamedChangJian.Healsolikedtowritepoems.ChangJiangreatlyadmiredZhaoGu's

34andwantedtolearnfromhim.Oneday,ChangJian35thatZhaoGuwouldbetravelingto

Wu.HeknewthatZhaoGuwouldsurelyvisitLingYanTemple36histrip,becausethiswasavery

famousplace.SoChangJianwenttothetemplefirst.Therewasawallinthetemplefor37towrite

andsharetheirideas.ChangJian38twopoemlinesonthewall.

39ZhaoGusawthetwopoemlinesonthetemplewall,hecouldnothelpaddinganothertwo

lines.AndsoChangJianachievedhisgoal.Hesaid40,“Mypoemisabrick（石专）,andZhaoGu's

poemisjade（玉）.Ilaidabrick,andattracted（吸弓I）jade!”

Nowpeopleoften41theidiompaozhuanyinyuwhengivinganopinionoraspeech.Itisa（n）

42andmodest（谦虚的）waytoexpresstheirhopeinseeingothersoffersomethingbetter.

参考答案：

1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.C7.D8.B9.B10.C

【导语】本文主要介绍了匡衡凿壁偷光的故事。

I.句意：匡衡是西汉一个很有名的人，他出生在一个贫穷的家庭。

rich富有的；small小的;poor穷的；big大的。根据“Buthewastoopoor”可知是贫穷的家庭,故选

Co

2.句意：但是他太穷了，买不起蜡烛。

candle蜡烛；house房子；book书；match比赛。根据下文“Oneday,hefdundhisneighborhadcandles,“

可知是指蜡烛，故选A。

3.句意：有一天，他发现邻居有蜡烛，但光穿不过墙。

by通过；over在上面；across穿过；through通过。根据“butthelightcouldn'tgo...thewall.”可知是指

光穿过墙，是从内部穿过，应用through,故选D。

4.句意：他在自己房子的墙上挖了一个小洞，这样他就可以利用邻居家的灯光看书了。

found找到；hung悬挂；dug挖；put放置。根据"asmallholeinthewall”可知是挖一个洞,故选

5.句意：从那天起，他每天晚上都读书，直到熄灯。

if如果；until直至lj；although尽管；after以后。根据"hereadbookseverynight...thelightwentout.“可

知是指匡衡看书直到邻居的灯熄灭，故选瓦

6,句意：然后，他去了一个富人的房子，为他工作，不需要给自己钱。

askingfor要求；givingback归还；payingfor支付；layingout布置。根据“Youmeantyouwouldwork

formeforfree”可知匡衡为富人工作，不需要薪水，故选C。

7.句意：富人听了，觉得匡衡太傻了。

simple简单的；smart聪明的；serious严肃的；stupid愚蠢的。结合生活实际可知，一个人工作却不

要任何报酬，别人会觉得对方很傻，故选D。

8.句意：我只是想借你的书来看。

lend借出;borrow借入；buy买；keep保持。根据“Well,1onlywantto...yourbookstoread”可知是指

匡衡要借书看，此处是指借入书，应用borrow,故选B。

9.句意：富人被深深打动了，他同意了。

advised建议；agreed同意；achieved实现：argued争吵。根据"deeplymoved”可知富人被匡衡的话感

动了，于是同意了匡衡的要求，故选B。

10.句意：最后，他成了一名伟大的学者。

Suddenly突然：Certainly当然;Finally最终;Unluckily不幸地。根据"hebecameagreatscholar（学

者）.”可知是指最终匡衡成为了一名伟大的学者，故选C。

11.D12.B13.A14.A15.D16.C17.A18.A19.B20.B21.C22.

D23.C24.A25.A

【导语】本文主要讲述了班超出使都善国，带领30多名士兵杀死了敌人并成功与都善国签平等条约

的故事。

11.句意：班超此行的目的是与都善国建立良好关系。

experience经历;method方法；trouble困扰；purpose目的。根据“The…ofBan'stripwastoestablish（建

立）goodrelationswiththestate.”可知，介绍他此行的目的是与郁善国建立良好关系，故选D。

12.句意：他只带了大约30名士兵。

behind在...后面；with带有；about关于；under在...下面。根据"Hebroughtonlyabout30soldiers...

him”可知，随身携带了约30名士兵，故选B。

13.句意：班超的队伍到达善I，善国几天后，匈奴也派使者和一队士兵到都善国。

arrivedin到达：wentthrough经历；walkedpast路过；returnedfrom从...回来。根据"Afewdays

afterBan'steamhad...Shanshan”可知，此处指到达都善国，故选A。

14.句意：他们对郁善国王说班超的坏话。

badly糟糕地；highly高地；warmly暖和地;coldly寒冷地。根据"Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（态

度）towardsBarfsgroup”可知，对国王说班超的坏话，最后国王对班超的队伍表现出冷淡的态度，故

选A。

15.句意：班超看到后，召集士兵对他们说。

us我们；him他；you你；them他们。根据“hecalledtogetherhissoldiers”可知，此处是指对这些士兵

说，应填them,故选De

16.句意：都善国王对我们不再友好了。

deadly夺命；silly愚蠢的；friendly友好的；lovely可爱的。根据"Hebegantoshowacoldattitude（态

度）towardsBan飞group”可知，班超根据国王对他们的态度判断，不会再对他们友好了，故选C。

17.句意：如果我们什么都不做，他可能会把我们交给匈奴人。

hand交给；look看；get得到；think认为。根据“usovertotheHuns”可知，把我们交给匈奴，故选

Ao

18.句意：我们都听你的。

listento听；hearfh）m听说;lookat看；makefriendswith与...交朋友。根据"Whatshouldwedo

now”可知，上兵询问班超的意见，都会听从他的安排，故选A。

19.句意：匈奴的士兵比我们多，都善国王很可能会支持他们。

less较少的；more较多的；fewer较少的；weaker更虚弱的。根据“TheHunshave…soldiersthanwe

doandtheShanshankingishkelytosupportthem”可知，匈奴的士兵更多，所以割善国王才会支持他

们，故选B。

20.句意：我们的任务就像从一群成年老虎那里偷一只小老虎一样困难。

silk丝绸；baby婴儿；paper纸；crayon蜡笔。根据“Ifwedon'tventure（冒险）intotheircave,howcan

weachieveourgoal”可知，此处借用于“不入虎穴焉得虎子”这个道理来告诉上兵接卜来的冒险，故选

Bo

21.句意：我们别无选择，只能趁匈奴人熟睡的时候，攻击并杀死他们。

chance机会；change改变；choice选择；challenge挑战。havenochoicebuttodosth”除了做某事，别

无选择”，故选C。

22.句意：晚上，班超带着他的士兵秘密来到匈奴的营地。

Inthemorning在早上；Intheafternoon在下午;Atnoon在中午；Atnight在晚上。根据“attackandkill

allofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept"uj知，在晚上入睡的时候偷袭他们，故选D。

23.句意：匈奴兵非常害怕。

relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；frightened害怕的；interested感兴趣的。根据“There,hesetfireand

beatthewardrumsloudly”可知，匈奴兵在晚上熟睡的时候听到这些声音感到很害怕，故选C。

24.句意：经过激烈的战斗，班超的军队杀死了100多名敌人。

enemies敌人；horses马；guests客人；teams团队。根据"Afterafiercebattle（激战），Ban'sarmykilled

morethan100”可知，杀死了100多名敌人，故选A。

25.句意：国王既钦佩班超的勇敢，又害怕他。

and和；but但是;or或者;so因此。“admired（钦佩）Ban'sbravery"与"heffearedBanatthesametime”

是并列关系，故选A。

26.C27.C28.D29.B

【导语】本文主要讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事。

26.细节理解题。根据“BothofthemweregeneralsoftheStateofZhao.“可知，他们都是赵国的将军。

故选C。

27.细节理解题。根据“Sohekeptsilent.”可知，听了别人的话,蔺相如保持沉默。故选C。

28.推理判断题。根据"BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytrouble

betweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.”可知，因为蔺相如把国家利益放

在第一位，所以他认为自己和廉颇之间的任何麻烦都会被国家的敌人所利用。山此可知I,前相如把

国家利益放在第一位。故选D。

29.推理判断题。本文主要讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事，结合图画内容可知，B图最能

描述这个故事。故选B。

30.C31.D32.D

【导语】本文主要讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。

30.推理判断题。triedmybest,butthereare