2024届高考英语高考语法专题复习被动语态 课件

ThePassiveVoice被动语态01被动语态的概念02主动变被动的方法03主动表被动的情况04随堂练习01

被动语态的概念

＊英语的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态＊主动语态：主语是动作的执行者＊被动语态：主语是动作的承受者

＊只有及物动词才有被动语态执行者承受者主动语态：Thefatduckhitthefatgoose.被动语态：Thefatgoosewashitbythefatduck.被动语态结构：主语+bep.p+by+宾语+其他成分现在过去将来过去将来一般am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone进行am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone//完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendonebe+p.p★情态动词的被动结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词2.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。1.强调动作的承受者。3.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。Thebookwastakenawaybymyteacher.Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.Thehousewasstruckbylightening.在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：4.习惯用法如beborn,belocated,bedressed,bedetermined,beseated,bedevoted等。02

主动变被动的方法

＊Wecleantheclassroom.＊Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.方法：1.宾变主，2.主变宾，前加by3.动变被Thelittleprince句型一：主语+谓语+宾语Rose＊Theygavethechildren

manybooks.＊Thechildrenweregivenmanybooksbythem.＊Manybooksweregiventothechildrenbythem.句型二：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语方法：当主动句含有两个宾语时，有两种方法变为被动句。1.间宾变主语，主语变宾语，谓语主动变被动；2.直宾变主语，前面需添加适当的介词（for、to等），主语变宾语，谓语主动变被动。＊Tips:有些双宾语及物动词在变为被动语态时，不能将间接宾语转化为被动句的主语。主动句：Shewrotemealongletter.被动句：Iwaswrittenalongletter.(×）被动句：A

longletterwaswrittentome.(√）RoseFox

句型三：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语＊Wemadehim

leaderoftheteam.＊Hewasmadeleaderoftheteambyus.方法：1.宾变主，2.主变宾，前加by3.动变被Fox＊Tips:使役动词和感官动词后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动语态时，to要还原，不能省略（let除外）。若其后接现在分词，在变为被动语态时，保持不变。Theteachermadethestudentsstayintheclassroom.→Thestudentsweremadetostayintheclassroom.＊使役动词和感官动词有：一感（feel),二听（hear,listento),三让（make,have,let),四看（lookat,see,watch,notice)主动变被动的步骤总结＊

Step1:一找__________＊

Step2:二定__________＊

Step3:三变__________＊

Step4:四别忘_________主宾时态be+p.pby03

主动表被动的情况1.在“be+形容词+todo”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.(todrink的逻辑宾语是句子的主语water)Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.(togetalongwith的逻辑宾语是thegirl)2.betoblame,betorent两种结构中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义Thehouseistorent.Thetruckdriverwastoblame.在“too...to”和”enoughto“结构中，可用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义Theboxistooheavytocarry.Nowmobilephonesarecheapenoughtobuy.3.在“have+宾语+todo”结构中，句子主语是不定式的逻辑主语时Doyouhaveanyhomeworktodo？不定式的逻辑主语是you4.

某些介词短语作表语时Theproblemisnowunderdiscussion.5.want,require,beworth,deserve,need后跟动名词时,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式Thewallneedspainting.=Thewallneedstobepainted.04

随堂练习stayed一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.(重庆·改编)You'dbetterwritedownhernumberbeforeyou_________(forget)it.2.(四川·改编)She_____________(phone)someone，soInoddedtoherandwentaway.3.(福建·改编)—Haven'tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaand_________(stay)thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.forgetwasphoning4.(全国I·改编)“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow，”Grannyusedtosay，“becauseeverystep___________(show).”5.(浙江杭州一次质检·改编)MrWhite____________(work)inourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.6.(北京石景山一模·改编)AlthoughtheEiffelTower_____________(design)tolast20years,itisstillstandingtoday.showshadworkedwasdesignedhaspassedarebeingcarried7.(襄阳高三冲刺模拟·改编)Sheissoexcitedthatsheistheonlyone