形容词和副词导学案-高三英语一轮语法复习

英语一轮语法复习之五：形容词和副词【预习案】词性与成分形容词修饰_____________,在句中充当_____________________。副词修饰____________________,在句中充当______________。改错：I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.比较级和最高级的构成：比较级：adj/adv+er+than…

或者more+adj/adv+than…最高级：the+adj/adv+est

或者themost+adj/adv+in/of…改错：HerunsmorefasterthanJohn.思考：什么样的词之后加er或est_________________________

什么样的词在前面加more或most____________________

构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er,

esttallcheap以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加r,

stnicelarge以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,

双写结尾的辅音字母,

再加er,

estbigthin以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,

变y为i,

再加er,

estbusyangry在最高级的构成里，in/of怎么选？____________________

Heisthetallest______ourclass.

Heisthetallest______allthestudents.most前如果没有the，表什么含义？_____________

Itisamostimportantproblem.易混副词：分类单词组辨析规律小结意义相近deep/deeply形容词形副词指具体含义，ly形副词指抽象含义。high/highlyclose/closelydirect/directlywide/widely意义相关free/freelyfreeadj.免费的，自由的most/mostlymostadj,pron大部分(的)意义无关hard/hardlylate/latelynear/nearly意义相同slow/slowly形容词形副词较口语化sure/surelyloud/loudly两个句型as…as…结构：S+V+as+adj/adv…+as…用于同级比较，第一个as是_____词，第二个as是____词。

Thetreeisastallasthebuilding(is).

判断as…as…结构中间部分用什么词以及词序问题，先___________________。eg.翻译：她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。解题思路：去掉比较结构之后剩下Sheisagoodteacher.（她是位好老师）添加as…as结构：第一个as是副词，需修饰形容词或副词，最后答案就成了：

Sheisas__________________ashermother.肯定句中只能用as…as…，否定句可以用not_______...as…

Hedoesn’tstudyas/sohardashisbrother.此结构可用于表达倍数

Therearesixtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.Themore…themore…结构more代表比较级并置于句首。一定要有the。第一个themore相当于if从句。解题思路：还原句子。eg.你做的越快，犯的错误就会越多。解题思路：先翻译成if从句：Ifyoudoitfaster,youwillmakemoremistakes.然后去掉if，比较级提前，套用themore…themore…结构，变成：The________________________,the_________________________.形容词变副词规则规则备注例词绝大部分形容词直接加lyslow__________regular___________ue结尾，去e再加ly.true___________extreme___________le结尾，把e改成ypossible___________terrible___________以y结尾且y发[I]音，改y为i再加lylazy___________shy___________ic结尾，加allyautomatic___________basic___________以两个ll结尾，加yfull___________careful___________【当堂训练】写出以下单词的比较级和最高级形式：tall_________,_________; large_________,__________; early_________,__________;fat_________,__________; easily_________,__________; little_________,_________;far_________,__________; few_________,__________; well/good_________,__________;many/much_________,__________; favourite_________,__________填空Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks_______(regular)._______________(surprise),nooneintheclasscouldworkouttheproblem.Progresssofarhasbeenverygood._________,wearesurethattheprojectwillbepletedontime.Youmustkeepyoureyes____________(close).You’vemadeasmanymistakes_____Ihave.Thisdressistwiceas_________________(expense)asthat.Thevehiclesdrivepeopletotheirdestinationsas____________(quick)astotheirdeaths.Intheviolincontest,mybrotherdidn’tplaywellandIdideven_________(bad)高考真题：(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,_____________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷)____________(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.(2023年全国甲卷)____________(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare_________(high)thantheyactuallyare.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷)Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell_______(sleep)whilewatchingTV.(2022年全国甲卷)Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore____________(meaning).(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Itoldhimhow___________(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreecofriendlyoptions.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill_____________(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!(2020全国Ⅱ卷)The__________(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpinkcolouredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenhelookeddown,he____________(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.(2022年全国乙卷)AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe________(large)teaproducingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the________(hot)thespring!【巩固练习】填空Hearrivedhome,_________(hunger)andtired.The

title

will

be___________(official)

given

to

me

at

a

ceremony

in

London.

ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,the____________(little)Ilikedtheidea.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea____________(good)oneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.Iamawfullytired,butIknowI’llneverfall___________(sleep).Yourpenwritesas______________(smooth)asmine.高考真题(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris_____________(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷)Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorefortableand_____________(confidence)speakingEnglish.(2023年全国乙卷)The_____________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.(2021全国甲卷)…westoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir_______(day)routines.(2021全国乙卷)Provide_________(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,_________(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis_____________(extreme)challenging.(2021全国甲卷)Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat________(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!(2020全国Ⅱ卷)__________(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Asthesmallboatmoved_______(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.(2022年全国甲卷)…in2016,CaoreachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststoeandpresenttheir________(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.短文填空Teacher:Whatarethemostobviousdifferencesyouhavenoticedbetweenyou