2024年广东省深圳市中考英语冲刺专题学案四代词考点突破

2024中考英语冲刺专题学案四：代词考点突破代词是为了避免重复而用来代替名词的词。英语中代词分为：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词和关系代词。多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。考点一人称代词，物主代词，反身代词【用法总结】人称代词，物主代词，反身代词一览表代词单/复数主格宾格物主代词反身代词形容词名词第一人称（我）单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称（你）单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称（女她）单数sheherherhersherself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves第三人称（男他）单数hehimhishishimself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves第三人称（动物它）单数itititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves人称代词，物主代词，反身代词的用法人称代词：主格：在句中作主语宾格：在句中作动词或介词的宾语，有时作表语物主代词：形容词性物主代词：作定语，后面需要加名词名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，其后不再加名词反身代词：常用作宾语或同位语常见搭配：enjoyoneself玩得开心，teachoneself自学，helponeselfto...随便用/吃……，keep...tooneself保密【专题专练】1. MysisterandIhavedifferentcups.Thewhitecupis_______andthepinkoneishers.(my)2. There'snoemptytable.Wouldyoupleaseshare________withme?(you)3. Manypeoplefindthatlisteningtosoftmusichelps_________tosleepwell.(they)4. Don'tshaketheyoungtree.________leavesarefallingoff.Youshouldlookafter_______.(it)5. Theboystartedtoliveinschoolandlearntomanagetimeby________.(he)6. Ifwekeepalltheproblemsto______,wewillfeelworseandthatwillbebadforourhealth.(we)【参考答案】1.mine 2.yours 3.themselves 4.its/it 5.himself 6.ourselves考点二不定代词【用法总结】1. 初中常见不定代词及常考用法辨析(1) 常见不定代词：some,any,(a)few,(a)little,many,much,each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,other, theother,others,theothers,another。(2) 常考用法辨析both,all,either,neither,none①both表示“两者都”，常见搭配both…and…，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；②all表示“三者及三者以上都”；③none表示“三者及三者以上都不”；④either表示“两者中任一”；⑤neither表示“两者都不”(either...or...,neither...nor...连接并列主语时，遵循“就近一致”原则)other,theother,others,theothers,another①other常与可数名词复数连用，其复数形式为others；②theother表示“两者中的另一个”，常用于“one...，andtheother...”；theother+名词复数=theothers, 表示“其余的全部”；③another指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”2. 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词及用法(1)复合不定代词：somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,noone,everyone,something, anything,nothing,everything。(2)用法：①复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。②当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，要置于复合不定代词后。【专题专练】从下列代词中选择适当的代词填空。both,neither,other,none,anything,nobody,either,something1. Youhavejustreadthisnewspaper.Didyoufind__________interestinginit?2. __________wasbornbeinggoodatallthings.AsanEnglishlearner,youwon'tbeexcellentwithoutenough practice.3. Haveyougotanythingtodothisafternoon,LucyandTom?Yes.__________ofusaregoingtothehomefortheelderly.4. Haveyoureadthroughthetwobookshelentyoulastweek?No,__________ofthemiseasytoread.5. Thereis__________wrongwithyourputer.You'dbetterhaveitrepairedassoonaspossible.6. WehavetwoEnglishteachershere.OneisfromEngland,andthe__________isfromAmerica.7. Allthevolunteerswereverytired,but__________ofthemhadarest.Theyweretryingtheirbesttohelp thoseinneed.8. CanIparkmycarhere?Yes,youcanparkon__________sideofthestreet.【参考答案】1.anything 2.Nobody 3.Both 4.neither 5.something6.other 7.none 8.either考点三指示代词和疑问代词【用法总结】1. 指示代词的用法1) this(这个)和these(这些)指近处，that(那个)和those(那些)指远处2) that可以指代物，但不能指代人。打时，this指自己，that指对方【小贴士】it，one，that作代词时的区别：(1)it指同类同物，即用来指上文提及的同一个事物或前面提及的情况；(2)one指同类异物，即用来避免重复可数名词单数。它既可指代人，也可指代物，其复数形式为ones；(3)that指代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复，复数形式是those。2. 疑问代词的用法Who：“谁(主格)”，用于询问人，在句中作主语宾语或表语Whom：“谁(宾格)”，用于询问人，在句中作宾语Whose：“谁的”，用于询问所属关系，在句中作定语、主语、宾语或表语What：“什么”，用于询问事件、物品、职业等，在句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语Which：“哪一个”，指在一定范围内的人或物,在句中作主语、定语或宾语【考点跟踪练习】I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Thegirlinfrontofthecaris_________cousin,andsheteaches___________Englishnowinourschool.(I)2. Thesetwoboysenjoyreading.Theyaretalkingabout___________(they)favoritewriters.3. Everyoneinourclass___________(study)hardeveryday.4. Whenwemeetwithdifficulties,weshouldkeepworkinghardandbelievein___________(we).5. Therearesomegiftsonthesofa.Theyellowgiftsare___________(you)andthered___________(one) belongtoJohn.II. 选择适当的词并使用其正确形式填空。nobody,which,anything,both,one,something,it,neither,other,either1. Myputerdoesn’twork.Theremushbe____________wrongwithit.2. Ifound___________intheroom.Wherehavetheygone?They'vegonetoDave'sbirthdayparty.3. HowcanwegotothelibrarythisSunday,bybikeoronfoot?___________isOK.It'suptoyou.4. Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Lara?Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.5. Andifitworks,theideacouldspreadto___________partsofthecountry.6. ___________myparentshadagreatinfluenceonmychoiceofwork.7. Mr.Millerfinds___________reallydifficulttolearnChinesewellinashorttime.8. Ihaven'tbeentoNewYorkbeforeand___________hasJane.9. And,beforeIfinish,letmejustgiveyousomeadvice___________couldmakeyourstaymoreenjoyable.