2024年中考英语语法复习定语从句

语法专题语法专题定语从句PresentationPresentation一、定语从句的概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句有两要素，其一，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。（引导定语从句）↑PeoplewhohavethehighestEQarethemostsuccessful↓(被修饰词)2.定语从句的分析步骤:⑴找出先行词⑵⑶对号入座选关系词二、关系代词1.指人的关系代词:<1>先行词在从句中作主语eg:Adoctorisapersonwho/thatlooksafterpeople’shealth.<2>先行词在从句中作宾语eg:MrWhiteinvitedmanyfriendstohisparty(who/whom/that)herespectedmuch.<3>：⑴指人的关系代词中，在从句中充当主语的是who和that,且在句中不可以省略。⑵指人的关系代词中,在从句中充当宾语的是who，that和whom,且可以省略。2.指物的关系代词:<1>先行词在从句中作主语eg:Theriverwhich/thatrunsthroughthecitybringsuslotsofpleasure.<2>先行词在从句中作宾语eg:Thebook(which/that)youjustlaidontheshelfismine.<3>：如何选定语从句中的关系词：⑴指物的关系代词中，在从句中充当主语的是which和that,且在句中不可以省略。⑵指物的关系代词中,在从句中充当宾语的是which和that，且可以省略。PracticePractice【练习1】区分下列句子是宾语从句还是定语从句。Idon’tknowwhoheis.()Themanwhoisstandingoverthereismygrandfather.()Thejudgedidn’tknowwhichstatement(陈述)wastrue.()Idon’tlikethedresswhichyouboughtformelastweekend.()ShecouldnotunderstandthewordsthatTomtoldheryesterday.()Tomasistheboywholikessingingandwonaprizelastyear.()Ourteachertoldusthatsoundrunsfasterthanlight.()【练习2】用who,which和that填空。Haseverything__________weneedtodobeendoneyet?Theman__________standsoverthereisourChineseteacher.Iwanttoreadallthebooks__________werewrittenbyGuoJingming.Thebook__________hasagoldencoverisastorybook.Iliketheteachers__________haveasenseofhumor.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything__________ismissing.Thesearethebeststamps__________Katehasgivenme.Thebuilding__________youliveinisveryfortable.Theexpresstrain__________hasjustleftisforShanghai.Isthereanything__________Icandoforyou?【练习3】Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案。)1.

This

is

the

bag______my

mother

bought

yesterday.

A.

that

B.

who

C.

whom

D.

this

2.

The

man______lives

next

to

us

is

my

English

teacher.

A.

whom

B.

which

C.

who

D.

/3.

The

girl______you

saw

in

the

street

is

Mary.

A.

that

B.

whose

C.

which

D.

as4.

Is

this

the

factory______a

lot

of

students

visited

yesterday?

A.

the

one

B.

which

C.

who

D.

whom5.

______cleans

the

blackboard

should

be

praised.

A.

That

B.

Who

C.

The

one

who

D.

The

students

who6.

Those______made

no

mistakes

in

today’s

exercises

please

raise

your

hands.

A.

which B.

whom

C.

that

D.

who7.

The

time______we

spentinstudying

together

is

not

easily

forgotten.

A.

that

B.

when

C.

where

D.

in

which

8.

Is

this

the

shop______sells

children’s

clothing?

A.

which

B.

where

C.

in

which

D.

what9.

I

still

remember

the

sittingroom______my

mother

and

I

used

to

sit

in

the

evening.

A.

what

B.

which

C.

that

D.

where

10.

The

boy______has

two

lovely

dogs.

A.

who

live

next

door

B.

which

lives

next

door

C.

whom

lives

next

door

D.

that

lives

next

door【练习4】合并为定语从句：1.Iknowtheteacher.SheteachesEnglishinOnlyEducation.____________________________________________2.ThestudentsarefromChina.Theysitinthefrontrow.____________________________________________(要注意的是先行词是students则who的数也应看作复数)3.Thebookwasgood.Ireadit.___________________________________________4.Iliketheteacher.Hisclassesareveryinterestingandcreative.___________________________________________5.TheladyisBen’smother.Italkedwithherjustnow.___________________________________________HomeworkHomeworkI.Choosethebestanswer.1.Iliketheteacher______classesareveryinterestingandcreative. A.which B.who C.what D.whose2.Idon’tknowtheteacher______istalkingwithMissWang. A.what B.who C.which D.whom3.Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat______youneed. A.what B.who C.whom D.which4.Thegirl______IhadaquarrelwithjustnowismyroommateJane A.whom B.which C.she D.her5.Theplace______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace. A.which B.where C.what D.inwhich6.Doyouknowtheyear______theChinesemunistPartywasfounded?A.which B.that C.when D.onwhich7.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.where B.towhich C.which D.inwhich8.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalked B.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalked D.thatyoutalked9.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.inwhich B.withwhich C.onwhich D.bywhich10.Thereason______hedidn'tewas______hewasill.A.why;that B.that;why C.forthat;that D.forwhich;whatII. Fillintheblankswiththeproperconjunctions.1.I'llneverforgettheday__________wespentlastweek.2.Thisistheschool__________Iusedtostudyin.3.Doyoustillremembertheplace__________wevisitedlastweek?4.Haveyoueverbeentoacity__________isfamousfortheWestLake?5.ItwasMary__________helpedmeyesterday.6.Thisistheway__________hedidit.7.Heisthestudent__________waslateforschooltoday?8.Wasthereanythinginmybrother__________youdidn'tlike?9.ThisisMr.Johnfor__________Iboughtabookyesterday.10.Thisistheplace__________isalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.II Puttwosentencesintoonesentence.(把两句子合并为一句)The

film

is

interesting.

They

saw

it

last

night.

__________________________________________________.The

students

will

not

pass

the

exam.

They

don’t

work

hard.

__________________________________________________.The

lady

is

our

teacher.

You

saw

her

just

now.

__________________________________________________.4．I

was

reading

a

book.

The

book

is

about

a

boy.

__________________________________________________.5．He

is

the

young

writer．He

wrote

the

book．

__________________________________________________.6.ThecarbelongstoJack.Thecarisnexttomyhouse.__________________________________________________.7.Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof.Thechildrenlosttheirparents.__________________________________________________.8.Languageisanimportanttool.Peopleuselanguagetomunicatewitheachother.___________________________________________