判断正误型阅读2024年中考英语阅读理解提分要义

（4）判断正误型阅读——2024届中考英语阅读理解提分要义提分要点Step1阅读原文，捕捉信息，理解大意通读原文，捕捉文中信息，抓住内容梗概，理解短文大意，理清全文脉络。Step2审读题目，找出相关依据读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的段落或关键词句，再进行判断。只有完全符合文意的句子，才能判定为正确，要从文章的具体段落和句子中找到依据，并认真进行比较、分析。不能凭印象想当然，胡乱猜测。Step3浏览题目，复读全文，捕捉信息完成正误判断后重读短文，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上对每道题复查。答题注意事项正确顶的特征：对原句的关键词进行替换；有时有词性或语态上的变化；语气简化；正话反说干扰项的特征:无中生有；偷换概余；表述不准确；与中信息意义相反提分训练一、ThereisaChinesesaying"千里送鹅毛，礼轻情意重".Whatdoesswanfeather(天鹅羽毛)meaninthissaying?Doyouknow?ThissayingesfromahistoricbookcalledLuShi(《路史》).Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficialinYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor.HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime.Miantookgoodcareoftheswanonhiswaytotheemperor.Oneday,hepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater.Butassoonashesettheswanfree,theswanflewaway,leavingonlysomefeathersontheground.Mianwasveryworried,buthedidn'ttrytorunaway.Hedecidedtotelltheemperorwhathappened.Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip.WhenMianmettheemperor,hetoldhimwhathappenedandsaid,"Thisswanfeatherislight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."TheemperorwashappywithMian'shonestyandsincerity.HeforgaveMian.Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正（√）误（×）。1.ThestoryaboutthesayinghappenedinTangDynasty.2.TheofficialandMianBogaobroughtsomegiftstotheemperor,includingabeautifulswan.3.OnedayMianlettheswanswiminthelakeandtheswanflewaway.4.Mianpickedupafeatherandgaveittotheemperor.5.Fromthestoryweknowthesayingmeansthesincerityagiftcarriesmeansmorethanitsprice.二、Itwasaschooltrip.Allofuswerehungryforitforlong.IwenttoChangbaiMountainwithmyclassmatesatthebeginningof2023.Thetripwasreallywonderful.JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbaiMountain.Itisoneofthe"Top10MountainsinChina".Thenameofitmeans"amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround"inChinese.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasfirstusedintheLiaoDynasty.ThemountainwasrecordedintheClassicofMountainsandSeasunderthenameBuxianMountain.ItwascalledTaibaiMountainintheTangDynasty.Intheearlymorning,weclimbedthemountainfromthewesternside.Alongtheway,wesawseveralwildanimalsandweweretotallyshockedatthebeautyofthemountain.Thewholemountainareaisunderthicksnowcoverfortwomonthseveryyear.Thehigherpointsfrom1,500metersto2,400metersabovethesealevelarecoveredwithsnowformorethansixmonths.ChangbaiMountainisoneofthemostpopularplacesforwintersportsandamusements.Weeventriedmanythrillingridesonthesnow.Itwassomuchfun.Besides,weenjoyeddifferentkindsoffoods.WhatexcitedusmostisundoubtedlytheTianchiLake.Itisthedeepestalpine(高山的)lakeinChina.TheTianchiLakeistheplacewheretheSonghua,TumenandYaluriversbeginandithasbeenregardedasamysteriouslake.NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere,butwewere.Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.Allourtirednessandpressureweregonethere.Asvisitors,wecan'tstopbeinginlovewitheverythingweexperiencedinChangbaiMountain.根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。6.Changbaimeans"remainingwhiteallyearround"inChinese.7.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasusedintheTangDynasty.8.Alongtheway,thestudentsweretotallyshockedatthewildanimals.9.Somevisitorscan'tseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere.10.Thestudents'tirednessandpressureweretakenawaybydifferentkindsoffoods.三、Chinaisacountrywithmanycolorfuldaysandfestivals.TheDragonHeadRaisingDay(Longtaitou)isoneofthem.ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Itstandsforthestartofspringandfarming.ThedragonisimportantforChinesepeople.WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe"descendants(传人)ofthedragon".Therefore,peoplecelebratetheDragonHeadRaisingDaywithmanycustoms.Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash(灰)inthekitchen.Thiswasto"leadthedragonintothehouse".Peoplebelievedthatwiththehelpofthedragon,theycouldhaveagoodharvest(收成)inautumn.Also,peopleeatspecialfoodsonthatday.Thefoodsareusuallynamedafterdragons.Forexample,peopleeat"dragonwhisker(须)"noodlesanddumplingscalled"dragonteeth".Today,manycustomshavedisappeared.Butonethathasremainedisthecuttingofhair.Itissaidthatahaircutduringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheunclesofthefamily—mainlymother'sbrothers.SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.根据短文内容，判断句子正(√)、误(×)。11.TheLongtaitouisonthethirddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.12.WeChinesecallourselvesthe"descendantsofthedragon".13.PeopleputashinthekitchenontheDragonHeadRaisingDayinancienttimes.14.Nowadays,manypeopledon'thavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.15.ThepassagemainlytellsushowtocelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinChina.四、TheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ItisacrossAfricafromSenegaltoEgypt.TheSaharaDesertisanunfriendlyenvironment.Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold.ItisalsodifficulttofindwaterintheSahara.In2006,KevinLin,RayZahab,andCharlieEngledecidedtodosomethingverydifficult.TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles(6,920km).Itseemedimpossibletodoso,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest.OnthemorningofNovember2,Kevin,RayandCharliestartedtheirtripacrosstheSahara.Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9:30intheevening.Eachdaytheyranabout40miles(64km).Everydayitwasthesamething.Theygotupandran.Theylistenedtomusicontheirearphonesandtheyranandran.Kevin,RayandCharlieneededtoeatalotoffoodduringtheirtrip.Mostpeopleneedabout2000calories(卡路里)offoodeachday.Kevin,Ray,andCharlieneededbetween6,000and9,000calorieseveryday.That'salotoffood!Theyalsoneededtodrinkalotofwater.Thethreemenhadsomeproblemsontheirtripandmanytimestheywantedtostopandgohome.Itwasoftenveryhotduringthedayandtheheatmadethemsick.Theirlegsandfeethurt.Sometimesitwasverywindy,andtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost.Buttheydidn'tstop.After111days,Kevin,RayandCharliesuccessfullyfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.TheyhuggedeachotherandputtheirhandsinthewateroftheRedSea.Thentheyrantoahoteltotakealongshower…根据短文内容，判断句子正（√）、误（×）。16.It'salwaysveryhotintheSaharaDesert.17.Thethreemenwantedtochallengethemselves.18.Eachdaythemenranforeightandahalfhours.19.Theysometimesfeltsickbecauseitwassohot.20.TheynevergotlostandfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.五、ItiswellknownthatsilkwasdiscoveredinChina.Itiswonderfullystrong,lightandsoft.Asoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes,silkhasaperfectlookandfeelthatnoothermaterialscanmatch.Thereisastoryabouthowsilkwasdiscovered.LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingteaunderamulberrytreewhenasilkwormcocoon(蚕茧)fellintohercup.Asshetriedtotakethecocoonout,itstartedtounwind(展开)andthe"line"seemedendless.Sherealizedthatthestronglinecouldbeusedtomakeclothes.ThenLeiZutaughtherpeoplehowtoraisesilkwormsandhowtogetsilk.Inthisway,thesilkindustrywasborn.Forhundredsofyearsafterthat,silkwasonlyusedbyrichpeople.Itwasasymbolofidentityandstatus(身份和地位).Withthedevelopmentofthesilkindustry,moresilkwasproduced.Itwasnolongerjustforrichpeople.IntheHanDynasty,silkwastransportedasfarawayasSpain,Romeandmanyothercountries.ThetraderoadwasfamouslyknownastheSilkRoad,whichconnectedChinawiththerestoftheworld.Today,silkcanbeusedformanykindsofthings,notjustforclothesbutalsoforpaintings,writingbrushes,kitesandevenfishingnets.Whereversilkgoesaroundtheworld,itisalwayswarmlyreceived.根据短文内容，判断句子正(√)误(×)。21.Silkisoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes.22.HuangDidiscoveredsilkcouldbeusedtomakeclothesbyaccident.23.Asmoresilkwasproduced,itreachedmorepeople'shomes.24.ThesilkindustrywasbornbecauseoftheSilkRoad.25.Thispassagemainlytalksaboutthehistoryandthepopularityofsilk.六、Amiddleschoolinasmalltownhasnearly900students.About90%ofthemefromlowine(低收入)families.Afterknowingmanystudents'fathersdidn'tspendmuchtimewiththeirchildren,theschoolstartedits"BreakfastwithDads"eventnotlongago.Latertheschoolknewsomestudentsdidn'thaveafatherabletotakepart.Sotheypostedarequest(请求)for50volunteerfathersontheInternet.Atfirst,theyworriednoonewouldliketoe.Muchtotheirsurprise,nearly600menshowedupattheevent.Thestudentshadanicebreakfastandtalkedwiththeir"dads".Oneoftheirfavouriteactivitieswaslearninghowtotieanecktie(领带).Somelearneditbeforebutforgot,andotherstrieditforthefirsttime.Theexperienced"dads"taughttheexcitedchildren."It'samazingtohavebreakfastandmunicatewithsomany'dads'!Ilearnedalotfromthem!"oneboysaidexcitedly.根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正(√)误(×)。26.Mostofthestudentsintheschoolefrompoorfamilies.27.Theschoolmadearequestfor50volunteerfathersonTV.28.Almost600menshowedupattheevent.29.Mostofthestudentsknewhowtotieanecktiebeforetheevent.30.Thestudentsfeltexcitedattheevent.

答案以及解析1.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficialinYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor."可知，关于这句话的故事发生在唐朝。表述正确。故答案为√。2.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime."可知，云南的一位唐朝官员想向皇帝表达敬意。他派了一个叫绵伯高的人给皇帝带了一些礼物。其中一件礼物是一只美丽的天鹅。故答案为×。3.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"Oneday,hepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater."可知，他路过一个湖边，想让天鹅喝点水，而不是游泳，故答案为×。4.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip."和"Thisswanfeatherislight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."可知，绵拿起一根羽毛送给了皇帝。故答案为√。5.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries."可知，从这个故事中，我们知道这句话的意思是礼物的真诚比价格更重要。故答案为√。6.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbaiMountain....Thenameofitmeans'amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround'inChinese."可知长白在中文中的意思是"一年四季都是白色的"。故填√。7.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"ItwascalledTaibaiMountainintheTangDynasty."可知在唐代并不叫长白山。故填×。8.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"Alongtheway,wesawseveralwildanimalsandweweretotallyshockedatthebeautyofthemountain."可知沿途学生们震惊于山的美丽。故填×。9.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere,butwewere."可知有些游客第一次去天池看不清楚。故填√。10.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.Allourtirednessandpressureweregonethere."学生们的压疲累和压力是在泡温泉的时候消失的。故填×。11.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar"可知龙抬头日是在中国农历的二月初二。故答案为×。12.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe'descendants(传人)ofthedragon'"可知我们中国人称自己为"龙的传人"。故答案为√。13.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash(灰)inthekitchen."可知在古时候，人们把灰放在厨房里。故答案为√。14.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay."可知很多人在龙抬头这天都要理发。故答案为×。15.答案：×解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二月二龙抬头日。故答案为×。16.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold."可知，撒哈拉沙漠白天很热，有时候晚上很冷，题干"撒哈拉沙漠总是很热。"表述错误。故答案为×。17.答案：√解析：推理判断题。根据"TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles(6,920km).Itseemedimpossibletodoso,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest."可知，穿越撒哈拉沙漠是几乎不可能的，但他们想要测试自己，即挑战自己，题干"这三个人都想挑战自己。"表述正确。故答案为√。18.答案：×解析：推理判断题。根据"Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9:30intheevening."可知，他们每天早上5点至11点跑步，11点至下午5点是休息的，下午5点至晚上9:30跑步，因此他们一天跑十个半小时，题干"这些人每天都要跑上八个半小时。"表述错误。故答案为×。19.答案：√解析：细节理解题。根据"Itwasoftenveryhotduringdayandtheheatmadethemsick."可知，有时天气太热会让他们感到不舒服，题干"他们有时会感到不舒服，因为天气太热了。"表述正确。故答案为√。20.答案：×解析：细节理解题。根据"Sometimesitwasverywindyandtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost."可知，他们有时候会迷路，题干"他们从未迷路，并完成了穿越撒哈拉沙漠的旅行。"表述错误。故答案为×。21.答案：√解析：根据第一段中的Asoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes,(丝绸是制作衣服的最佳材料之一，）可知，这与题干（丝绸是制作衣服的最好材料之一。）描述相符，故填：√。22.答案：×解析：根据第二段中的LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingteaunderamulberrytreewhenasilkwormcocoonfellintoheritstartedtounwindandthe"line"seemedendless.