代词复习课件【知识精讲精研】 高考英语一轮复习

代词复习（一）（人称代词、物主代词、反身代词）代词是为了避免重复而用来代替名词的词。类别意义用法例词人称代词代替人或物主语、宾语、表语主格：I,we,you宾格：me,us,you

物主代词表所属关系主语、宾语、表语、定语adj.:my,our,yourn.:mine,ours,yours反身代词谓语动作返回到发出者本身宾语、表语、同位语myself,ourselves,

herself,yourselves相互代词表相互关系宾语、定语eachother（两者）oneanother（三者）指示代词起指示、指代作用主语、宾语、表语、定语this,that,these,those,such（不作宾语）疑问代词表疑问主语、宾语、表语、定语who,which,what,不定代词one,any,everybody,everyone,anybody,something,all,both,each,either,neither,none,few,little,afew,alittle,many,muchetc.人称代词类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格

宾格

汉语意思我你他她它我们你们他们类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格I[aɪ]you

[juː]he[hi:]she

[ʃiː]

it[ɪt]

we[wiː]

you[juː]

they[ðeɪ]

宾格me[miː]you[juː]

him[hɪm]

her[hɜː(r)]

it[ɪt]

us[ʌs]

you

[juː]them[ðem]

汉语意思我你他她它我们你们他们1.HewillhelpyouwithyourEnglish.(主格作主语,宾语用宾格)2.Thankyouforyourletter.(宾格作及物动词的宾语)3.Iboughtapresentforhim.(宾格作介词的宾语)4.Hi,it’sme.(宾格作表语)5.---Gladtomeetyou.---Metoo.(在没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格)

代词填空对比练习Group11.Theboypromised____(he)mothernevertolieto____(she)again.2.

Thegirlpromised____(she)fathernevertolieto_____(he)again.Group21.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind________(they)alive.2.

Thanksforinviting______(we)toyourfoodfestival.herhishimusthemherit用法1.指代上文提到的某样东西。

Whereismydictionary?Ileftitrightonthedesk.2.it可作为形式主语或形式宾语，将不定式、动名词或主语从句/宾语从句等构成的主语或宾语后移，使句子显得平稳.

结构：Itis/was+adj./n.+todo/doing/主语从句find/make/think/consider+it+adj./n.+todo/doing/宾语从句(1)It’snoteasy

tolearnaforeignlanguage.(2)Ihavemadeit

clear

thatnobodyisallowedtosmokehere.

即时训练:分析下列句子中划线部分。(1)Itisnoteasy

tofinishsomuchworkinanhour.(2)Ithinkit

useless

lettinghimknowthetruth.(3)Itisnouse

talkingaboutthingswecan’tdo.(4)Itisimportant

thatwegeteverythingreadybeforeclass.(5)Hemadeit

possible

togettothetopofthemountain.(6)Ourschoolmadeit

arule

thatstudentsshouldstandupatthebeginningoftheclass.

Group31.---Who’sknockingatthedoor?---____isme.2.

Iwouldappreciate_____ifyoucometomybirthdayparty.3.I’dappreciate_______ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.Group41.MysisterspeaksEnglishaswellas______.2.

MysisterspeaksEnglishaswellas_____do.IItitI/meit物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词

名词性物主代词

汉语意思我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词my[maɪ]

your[jɔːr]his[hɪz]her[hɜː(r)]

its[ɪts]

our[ˈaʊə(r)]

your[jɔːr]

their[ðeə(r)]名词性物主代词mine[maɪn]

yours

[jɔːz]his

[hɪz]hers

[hɜːz]its[ɪts]

ours[ˈaʊəz]yours

[jɔːz]theirs[ðeəz]

汉语意思我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的

形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：+形容词性物主代词名词=名词性物主代词注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。

Thesebooksaren’tours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)用法：1.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，在名词前作定语。例如:Isthisyourseat,sir?(作定语修饰名词)2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词词性物主代词+名词”，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。①Thisisnotmydictionary.MineislenttoLucy.（作主语）②Thiscameraismineandthatisyours.（作表语）③Everypersonshowedhisticket,andIshowedminetoo.（作宾语）双重所有格:“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属.

公式为：a,an,this,that+名词+of+名词性物主代词。

例如：afriendofmine我的一个朋友

Tomisafriendofmine汤姆我的一个朋友.

技巧：横线后有名词用__________物主代词；没有名词，用__________物主代词。形容词性名词性代词对比训练：Group51.Awomanonthebusshouted,"Oh,dear.Itis___________(I)".2.

Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldathree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby______(it)mother.3.Ifyoudon’tbuildyourdream,someonewillhireyoutobuild________(they).4.Anothernicethingisthatyoulearnbothnewwordsand_______(they)useunconsciously...5.Muchto________(he)disappointment,hehadexpectedmanyfriends,butnonecame.theirtheirsitsmine/mehis代词对比训练：Group61.I’minagroupwithTom,JackandKate.MyEnglishismuchbetterthan________.2.

Ihappenedtomeetafriendof______intheNationalLibrary.minetheirs

三、反身(自身)代词动作发出者与动作承受者是相同的。表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等意义的代词。第一、第二人称的反身代词构成：形容词性物主代词+self/selves”第三人称的反身代词构成：

“宾格代词+self/selves”。其形式如下：数人称

单数复数第一人称____________pron.我自己____________pron.我们自己第二人称______________pron.你自己____________pron.你们自己第三人称______________pron.她自己______________pron.他自己_____________pron.它自己____________pron.他们自己

数人称

单数复数第一人称myself我自己[maɪˈself]ourselves我们自[aʊəˈselvz]第二人称yourself你自己[jɔːˈself]yourselves你们自[jɔːˈselvz]第三人称herself[hɜːˈself]她自己himself[hɪmˈself]他自己itself[ɪtˈself]它自己themselves他/她/它们自己[ðəmˈselvz]反身代词用法：

①反身代词可以在句中作enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce等动词和by,for,to,after等介词的宾语，②还可以作主语或宾语的同位语或表语，可译作“亲自/本人”，但反身代词本身不能单独作主语。反身代词作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同样的人或物。

①TomtaughthimselfChinese.②Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.

③Imyselfcanrepairthebike.(作及物动词的宾语)(作表语)(作I的同位语)含有反身代词的固定搭配allbyoneself独自地、孤独地introduceoneself介绍自己helponeselfto…请随便吃……enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得开心，过得愉快learnsth.byoneself=teachoneself自学takecareof/lookafteroneself照顾自己hurtoneself伤到自己

dressoneself自己穿衣服

saytooneself自言自语

leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下注意：oneself有单复数之分.E.g.*Ienjoymyself./*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish.代词对比训练Group71.Treat____________(you)toaglassofwinetohelpyourelaxattheendoftheday.2.

Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon_____________(we).3.“ShethoughtIhadhurt___________(I),”saysPahlsson.myselfourselvesyourself代词对比训练Group81.Inhermind,helpingothersisjusthelping___________(she).2.

TheSmithsdidn'tenjoy______________(they)duringthetenniscampbecauseoftheterribleweather.3.Neverleavetootherswhatyououghttodo____________(you).herselfthemselvesyourself类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格

宾格中文我你他她它我们你们他/她/它们形物代名物代中文我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的反身代中文我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他们自己代词：类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem中文我你他她它我们你们他/她/它们形物代myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名物代mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs中文我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的反身代myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves中文我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他们自己相互代词—“互相，彼此”的表达eachother(2)TomandMikeknoweachother’sfavourites.汤姆和迈克都了解彼此的最爱。oneanother（≥3）Thethreegirlslookedatoneanother.这三个女孩互相望了望。根据句意选择eachother或oneanother填写在横线上。(1)Englishpeopledonotliketobetoocloseto__________.(2)Asculturesdifferfrom_____________,failuretounderstandculturaldifferencesleadstofailuresincommunications.(3)WhenhereturnedtoChinaandwegottoknow____________,hetoldmeabouthisexperiencesthereandIwasveryinterested.eachothereachotheroneanother不定代词：1.表“两者”、“多者”

都都不任一两者both(两者都)neither(两者都不)either(两者中任何一个)多者/不可数all(三者/三者以上都)none(三者/三者以上都不)any(三者/三者以上任何一个)(1)none既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不，一个也不”，常用于回答howmuch和howmany的问句;

还可与of连用。no

one只指人

(=no

body)，不能接of短语，常用于回答who的问句。(2)both/all/every等与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并非……都/每一”。②both…and.........和......都

（谓语动词用复数形式）either…or...要么......要么......(谓语动词遵循就近原则)neither…nor...既不......也不......(谓语动词遵循就近原则)BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.Tom和Lucy都在二年级。Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.我和他今天都没空。代词填空对比练习Group141.Thetwoassistantswereverytired,but______ofthemwouldtakearest.2.Thethreeassistantswereverytired,but______ofthemwouldtakearest.3.______ofushaveagreedtohisplan,soheisveryhappy.、4.______ofushasagreedtohisplan,soheisveryunhappy.AllNoneneithernoneGroup151.Thereweretwogirlsatthedoor.

_______

ofthemweresmiling.2.Idon’tknowwhichmovieismoreinteresting.Iwanttosee____.3.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich______oftheparentsspokethelanguage.(北京)4.ItwasnothardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich______oftheparentsspokethelanguage.5.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or______.(天津)neitherbothBothallbothGroup161.Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,but______isusefultomyknowledge.2.---WouldyouliketogoshoppingwithmeonSaturdayorSunday?---I’msorry.________willsuitme.Group171.ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but_________knowsthedateforsure.2.Mostofmynewclassmatesarekind,but________issogoodtomeasLucy.noneNeithernoone/nobodynone表

“另外的，别的”

的代词单数复数泛指another三者/三者以上另一，再一)others(其它的人或物)特指theother(两者中另一个)theothers(范围内剩余的人或物)说明可作定语不能作定语

一本/一些书另外一个/一些书剩余的一个/一些书单数onebookanotherbooktheotherbook复数somebooksotherbooks=otherstheotherbooks=theothers(1)

单独的other只能作定语。(2)搭配:

some...others….有些……另外一些;

one...theother..一个……(特指两者中的)另一个…;one...another...stillanother...一个……另一个……还有一个……(列举，非特指);foronething...foranother...一则……，再则……(列出理由)。(3)

特殊:

another+基数词(few)+复数名词”

=“基数词(some)+other/more+复数名词。Group181.Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingis______.2.I’llspendhalfofmyholidaypracticingEnglishand__________halflearningdrawing.theotheranotherGroup191.Shehastwosons.OneisinBeijingand________isinShanghai.2.Idon’tlikethisone.Pleasegiveme_________one.3.Therearelotsofpeopleinthepark.Somearedancingand______areboating.4.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.Thirtyofuscometoschoolbybikeand___________allwalkthere.anothertheotherotherstheothers

指代用来回答相当于是否加of短语nobody/noone人whonotanyonenotanybody否nothing物whatnotnything否none人或物howmanyhowmuchnota/an/any+名词

或no+名词是3.nobody/noone,nothing,none的区别考点七：复合不定代词复合不定代词是指由every-,some-,any-,no-与-thing,-one,-body等构成的不定代词。注意以下几个问题：(1)复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。(2)含-thing的，用it代替；含-body,-one的，一般用they代替，在正式文体中可用he。选择适当的代词填空。A.

something,

nothing,

anything,

everything1.

Isthere

____________

differentintoday’snewspaper?2.

AsIknow,heknows

________aboutthisoldtown,soyoudon’thavetoaskhim.3.Heknows

____________

abouthisfamilynow.4.

Thereis

__________

wrongwithmywatch.Itdoesn’twork.5.

_____________isreadynow.Let’sstart(开始).anythingnothingeverythingsomethingEverything选择适当的代词填空。B.

somebody(someone),

anybody(anyone),

everybody(everyone),

nobody1.

Ididn’tknow

_____________there.2.

Thereis

_____________

intheroom.Itisempty

(空的).3.

Sheisfriendlyto__________.Weallliketomakefriendswithher.4.

Isaw

____________

pass,butIdidn’tknowwhoitwas.anybodynobodyeverybodysomebodyGroup201.Shefoundherself__________ofaherowhenshereturnedfromAustraliaOpenin2014.2.---Whatdoyouthinkofthelecture?---_________butinteresting,butI’vemanagedtosurviveit.Anythingsomething句意：---你觉得这次演讲怎么样？---无趣，不过我还是把它听完了。anythingbut绝不，根本不；nothingbut只有；everythingbut除了...其余都....。

多少(表否定)一些(表肯定)复数名词概念manyfewafew不可数名词概念muchlittlealittle4.many,much,few,little,afew,alittle的区别注意：onlyafew=fewonlyalittle=littlequiteafew=manyquitealittle=much代词对比练习：1.Thereisalittlebirdinthetree,butonly______peoplesawit.2.

CouldIhave

_______

wordswithyou,MissWhite?3.Wedon’tlikehim,becausehedoes

______

forotherpeople.4.Hehas______friendshereandheseldomgoesoutonweekend.5.Thereisonly

_______

waterinthepot(锅).6.Hehasmadealotoffilms,but_______goodones.(北京)7.Althoughhe’swealthy,hespends________onclothes.(全国)afewafewlittlefewalittlefewlittle6.one,ones,that,those,it做替代词时的用法：(1)it(=the+单数名词)表特指，可以代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，代替同类同物，只能指物。them/they是it的复数形式，代替复数名词(2)one(=a+单数可数名词)表泛指，代替可数名词单数，代替同类异物，可以指人也可以指物。ones是one的复数，代替复数名词。(3)that(the+单数名词)表特指，代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，用于同类比较中，可以指人也可指物。those(=theones)是that的复数，代替“the+复数名词”。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。Group91.___________isMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?2.Hewasbusy.________waswhyhedidn’tgotothecinemawithus.Group101.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthan_______insomelargerschools.2.Weusedtomistakethatheavyobjectsfallfasterthanlight_______.3.Halfof________surveyedin16countriessaytheygofirsttotheirclosestfriendtosharetheirdeepestwithesanddarkestfears.ThatThisthatonesthoseGroup111.Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,______thatIhadneverseen.2.Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents,_______thatIhadneverseen.Group121.Thebookonthedeskisbetterthan_______underthedesk.2.Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthan_________underthedesk.Group131.IwantverymuchtobuythisTVset,butIcan’tafford_______.2.IwantverymuchtobuyacolorTVset,butIcan’tafford_______.onesonethat=theonethose=theonesitone疑问代词1.whatpron.什么（问事物、职位等，无范围限制，作主语、表语、定语、宾语)Whatdoyoulike?

Whatisyourfather？2.whichpron.哪/那一个（在范围内选择，人或物均可，作主语、定语、宾语）

Whichwillyoutake?3.whopron.谁（主格，问人，作主语、表语、宾语）

Whoisoverthere?

4.

whompron.那个人；那些人（who的宾格，问人）

Whomareyoutalkingwith?

5.whose

pron.

谁的（作主语、宾语、表语、定语）Whosebagisthis?

6.whateverpron.无论什么；不管什么7.whoeverpron.无论谁8.whichever

pron.无论哪一个

9.whattime/colour/size

什么时候/什么颜色/什么尺码用法要点如下：(1)what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who,whom,whose一般指人。(2)有一定范围时，用which，意为“(其中的)哪一个”，可接表范围的of短语；没有一定的范围时，用what，意为“什么”，不能接of短语。注意以下两组疑问代词的用法：(1)---Whatishe?他是干什么的？（问职业)---Heisateacher.他是老师。---Whoishe?他是谁？（问姓名或与人的关系）---HeisTom.他是汤姆。(2)Whatsubjectdoyoulikebest?你最喜欢什么科目？(无范围)Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest?你最喜欢哪个科目？(有范围)同时注意疑问副词的使用：1.where

在哪里（问地点）--Wheredoyoulive?

--IliveinNanning.

2.when什么时候（问时间）（whattime）--Whenwereyouborn?--Iwasbornin1999.3.why为什么（问原因，用because回答）--

Whydoyoudoit?--BecauseIwanttolearnEnglishwell.4.how如何，怎样（问方式、程度、感受等）--Howdoyougotoschool?--Bybus.

--

Howistheweather?--Itissunny.5.howold

多大（问年龄)（whatistheageof...)--Howoldareyou?--Iamfifty.6.howfar

多远（问距离）--

Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?--Itis20kilometers.7.howsoon多久之后（问时间，与将来时连用，用“in+时间段”回答）--Howsoonwillhecomeback?--Intwoweeks.8.howoften

多久一次（问频率）（用once/twice/基数词+timesaday/week/month回答)

--Howoftendoyoudoyourhomework?--Everyday.

9.howlong多久；多长（问时间或者长度）--Howlongistheriver?--Itis200meterslong.--HowlongwillyoustayinNanning?--Twomonths.10.howmany

多少（问数量，后接可数名词复数形式）--Howmanybooksdoweneed?--Thirty.11.howmuch多少（问数量，后接不可数名词）或（问价格）--Howmuchwaterdoyouhave?--Much./Aglassofwater.(问数量）--Howmuchisthebook?--Twentyyuan.(问价格）--Whatisthepriceofthebook?问价格

whenever无论何时however无论如何wherever无论哪里

用特殊疑问词填空what,who,where,why,which,when,how,howoften,howmany,howold1.—_________doyougettoschoolinthemorning?—Athalfpastseven.2.—_________doesKangkangusuallyplayvolleyball?—Ontheplayground.3.—_________girlisyoursister?—Theonenexttothewindow.4.—_________isunderthechair?—It’safootball.5.—_________isyourfather?—Heisforty-one.WhatWhereWhichHowoldWhen6.—___________doesStevegoswimming?—Hegoesswimmingthreetimesaweek.7.—____________studentsarethereinthepicture?—Thereareeleven.8.—_______doesMariagotovisitheruncle?—Bytrain.9.—_______isknockingatthedoor?—Letmesee.Oh,it’sJane.10.—______areyourunningsofast?—BecauseI’mlateforclass.HowoftenHowmanyWhyHowWho注意下面疑问词的用法：（1）WhatisthepopulationofChina?中国有多少人口？

HowmanypeoplearethereinChina?（2）Whatisthedistance?距离有多远？