2025届新高考英语复习-非谓语动词

2025届新高考英语精品复习非谓语动词1.

The

plan

will

extend

protection

to

a

significant

number

of

areas

that

were

previously

unprotected,

bringing

many

of

the

existing

protected

areas

for

giant

pandas

under

one

authority

___________（increase）effectiveness

and

reduce

inconsistencies

in

management.to

increase[解析]

考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作目的状语，故填to

increase。2.

A

visually-challenged

man

from

Beijing

recently

hiked

（徒步）

40

days

to

Xi’an,

as

a

first

step

__________（journey）

the

Belt

and

Road

route（路线）

by

foot.to

journey[解析]

考查非谓语动词。此处journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式作后置定语。3.

But

that’s

how

nature

is—always

leaving

us

__________（astonish）.astonished[解析]

句意：但是大自然就是这样——总是让我们感到吃惊。此处说明us的状态，意为“感到吃惊的”，故填astonished。4.

It

is

possible

________（walk）

or

bike

the

entire

14

kilometers.to

walk[解析]

此处为“It

is+adj.+动词不定式”结构，表示“做某事是……的”。5.

After_________（spend）

some

time

looking

at

all

the

defensive

equipment

at

the

wall,

we

decided

it

was

time

for

some

action

and

what

better

than

to

ride

on

a

piece

of

history!spending[解析]

After在此处是介词，后跟v.-ing形式，故填spending。〔必备知识〕非谓语动词包括动名词、不定式、现在分词和过去分词。在语法填空题中,针对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在非谓语动词作主语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语等。其基本结构与句法功能如下：非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式一般式to

doto

be

done不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式to

be

doing不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式to

have

doneto

havebeen

done不定式的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing

done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或基本上同时发生完成式having

donehaving

been

done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生过去分词done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成续表考点一

非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。1.不定式作状语（1）作目的状语，可用so

as

to/in

order

to替换，意为“为了；以便”，但

so

as

to一般不可置于句首。To

enjoy

the

convenience

of

digital

payment,

many

seniors

started

to

use

smart

phones.

为了享受数字支付的便利,很多老年人开始使用智能手机。（2）作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：only

to

do（表示意想不到的结果）、enough

to

do...（足够做……）、too...

to

do...（太……而不能做……）、so/such...

as

to...（如此……以至于……）等。Tom

took

a

taxi

to

the

airport,

only

to

find

his

plane

high

up

in

the

sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。（3）作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to

do”结构中。这类形容词有：easy、difficult、hard、comfortable、good、important、impossible、dangerous、surprised、astonished、delighted、disappointed等。We

were

astonished

to

find

the

temple

still

in

its

original

condition.令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着它最初的样子。易错提示在

“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的被动关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词；若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。The

person

is

hard

to

deal

with.

这个人很难对付。2.分词作状语分词作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。为了强调,还可与while、when、once、if、unless等词连用。A

city

is

the

product

of

the

human

hand

and

mind,

reflecting

man’s

intelligence

and

creativity.

一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物,这反映出了人类的智慧与创造性。The

couple

took

good

care

of

the

baby

while

occupied

by

their

work.这对夫妇一边工作，一边很好地照顾着婴儿。易错提示部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态。常见的词和短语有：located

（坐落于）、lost（迷路的）、seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着的）、lost/absorbed/buried

in（沉溺于）、dressed

in（穿着）、tired

of（对……厌烦）、faced

with（面对着）。Faced

with

the

great

challenge,

I

didn’t

lose

heart.

面对巨大的挑战，我没有灰心。考点特训1.

_________（cover）

an

area

about

three

times

the

size

of

Yellowstone

National

Park,

the

GPNP

will

be

one

of

the

first

national

parks

in

the

country.Covering[解析]

考查非谓语动词。设空处和句子的主语the

GPNP为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填Covering。2.

He

flew

4,700

kilometers

from

Xi’an

to

Kashgar

on

Sept.

20,

_________（plan）

to

hike

back

to

Xi’an

in

five

months.planning[解析]

考查非谓语动词。设空处与主语He之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填planning。3.

_____________（strengthen）the

connection

with

young

people,

the

event

included

a

number

of

public

promotional

activities

on

social

media,

________（invite）

twenty-nine

tea

professionals

from

around

the

world

to

have

thirty-six

hours

of

uninterrupted

live

broadcasts.To

strengtheninviting[解析]

考查非谓语动词。分析可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。考查非谓语动词。invite与其逻辑主语the

event之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。4.

Willie

was

moving

out

of

his

apartment

and

he

needed

boxes________（pack）

his

things.to

pack[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：Willie要搬出他的公寓，他需要一些箱子来装他的东西。由句意可知，设空处作目的状语,故用动词不定式。5.

________（dress）

in

a

full

bodysuit

of

ice,

a

symbol

of

purity

and

strength,

the

panda

wears

a

helmet

with

a

colored

halo（光环）.Dressed[解析]

考查非谓语动词。此处使用过去分词作状语。be

dressed

in意为“穿着”。考点二

非谓语动词作定语1.不定式作定语（1）不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，一般表示的动作在“某个时间”前尚未实现。若不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。I

was

watching

the

clock

all

through

the

meeting,

as

I

had

a

train

to

catch.我在整个会议期间一直看钟表，因为我要赶火车。（2）序数词、形容词最高级、the

last、the

only

等词后或被这些词修饰的名词后,常用不定式作定语。注意:该名词通常是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者。He

was

the

first

guest

to

arrive.他是第一个到的客人。（3）被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见的这类名词有：ability、chance、wish、excuse、promise、attempt、way等。The

best

way

to

strengthen

willpower

is

to

make

it

into

a

habit.增强意志力最好的方法就是让它（意志力）成为一种习惯。2.分词作定语（1）及物动词的分词形式作定语doing被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系There

were

millions

of

people

watching

the

opening

ceremony

live

on

TV.有数百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。being

done被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行The

question

being

discussed

now

is

very

important.现在正在被讨论的问题很重要。done被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成I’d

like

you

to

look

at

a

study

conducted

in

Australia

in

2012.我想让你们看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。（2）不及物动词的分词形式作定语现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词只表示动作已完成,不表被动。falling

leaves正在落下的叶子（表正在进行）fallen

leaves落叶（表完成）考点特训1.

“...It

can

help

to

build

a

community

with

a

_______（share）

future

for

mankind,”

he

said.shared[解析]

考查非谓语动词。空处和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。2.

Inspired

by

the

Belt

and

Road

Forum

for

International

Cooperation

_____（hold）

in

Beijing,

Cao

decided

to

cover

the

route

by

hiking

as

a

tribute（致敬）

to

the

ancient

Silk

Road.held[解析]

考查非谓语动词。hold与the

Belt

and

Road

Forum

for

International

Cooperation之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。3.

The

combination

of

these

panda

reserves

is

an

enthusiastic

commitment

by

the

Chinese

government__________（protect）

these

extraordinary

animals.to

protect[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：这些大熊猫保护区的联合是中国政府保护这些不一般的动物的热情承诺。由句意可知，设空处作后置定语。4.

Yao

Zhongyu,

a

student

of

Beihang

University,

told

his

family

in

a

video

_______（post）

online

that

he

would

not

be

able

to

spend

the

Spring

Festival

with

them

as

he

volunteered

for

the

Beijing

2022

Olympic

Winter

Games.posted[解析]

考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词video，且post和video之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填posted。5.

Picking

up

her

“Lifetime

Achievement”

award,

proud

Irene

declared

that

she

had

no

plans

________（retire）

from

her

36-year-old

business.to

retire[解析]

考查非谓语动词。名词plan后面常用不定式作定语。故填to

retire。6.

When

we

got

a

call

_______（say）

she

was

short-listed,

we

thought

it

was

a

joke.saying[解析]

设空处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词call。call与say之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填saying。考点三

非谓语动词作宾语1.通常接不定式作宾语的动词decide、determine、learn、want、expect、hope、wish、refuse、manage、care、pretend、offer、promise、choose、plan、agree、help等。I

have

decided

to

study

engineering.我已经决定学工程学。易错提示allow、permit、advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补，即“allow/permit/advise

doing/sb.

to

do

sth.”。2.通常接动名词作宾语的动词及短语admit、avoid、consider、escape（避开）、imagine、mind、miss、practise、suggest、feel

like、give

up、put

off、object

to、look

forward

to等。此外，have

difficulty/trouble

（in）

doing

sth.结构中也用动名词作宾语。I

avoided

mentioning

the

subject

in

case

he

should

be

offended.我避开提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。3.接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词forget

to

do

sth.忘记去做某事forget

doing

sth.忘记做过某事regret

to

do

sth.对即将做的事表示遗憾regret

doing

sth.对做过的事表示后悔remember

to

do

sth.记得去做某事remember

doing

sth.记得做过某事stop

to

do

sth.停下来去做某事stop

doing

sth.停止做某事try

to

do

sth.尽力去做某事try

doing

sth.尝试做某事go

on

to

do

sth.继续做另一件事go

on

doing

sth.继续做原来做的事mean

to

do

sth.打算做某事mean

doing

sth.意味着做某事can’t

help

to

do

sth.不能帮助做某事can’t

help

doing

sth.情不自禁地做某事I

remembered

locking

the

door

before

I

left

the

office,

but

forgot

to

turn

off

the

lights.我离开办公室之前记得锁门了，但却忘记关灯了。易错提示（1）动词want、need、require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve（值得）。The

window

needs

cleaning/to

be

cleaned.

（window与clean之间存在被动关系）那扇窗户需要清洗。（2）“疑问词+不定式（短语）”常作learn、decide、know、wonder、show、tell、understand、explain、teach、advise、find

out

等的宾语。We

will

be

having

a

meeting

to

decide

what

to

do.我们将开会决定该做什么。4.作介词的宾语时,要用动名词形式,不能用动词不定式。常见的短语有：be/get

used

to、feel

like、insist

on、get

down

to、devote...to...、object

to、stick

to、have

difficulty/trouble

（in）、have

fun

（in）。I

had

as

much

fun

sailing

the

seas

as

I

now

deal

with

students.

我过去航海和现在与学生们打交道一样开心。易错提示介词后一般要接v.-ing形式作宾语，但介词but/except后接不定式时，若前有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式要省略to。We

can

do

nothing

but

wait.除了等待我们别无选择。考点特训He

plans

to

pursue

his

career

in

the

mainland

after

___________（complete）

his

studies.completing[解析]

考查非谓语动词。介词after后面应用动名词completing作宾语，意为“完成”，故填completing。2.

Some

also

recommend

__________（restrict）

dairy

products.restricting[解析]

句意：一些人还建议限制奶制品（的摄入）。recommend

doing

sth.建议做某事。3.

Incredibly,

around

1,500

workers

spent

just

nine

hours

in

___________（complete）

the

transformation

of

an

old

train

station

in

Fujian

Province,

southern

China.completing[解析]

句意：令人难以置信的是，大约1，500名工人用了仅仅9个小时就完成了中国南部福建省一座老火车站的改造。spend

time

in

doing

sth.花时间做某事。4.

Komodo

National

Park,

officially

recognized

in

1980,

is

popular

for

ecotourism

because

of

its

unique

biodiversity.

Activities

there

range

from

whale

watching

to

hiking（远足）

and

accommodations

aim

________（have）

a

low

impact

on

the

natural

environment.to

have[解析]

固定短语aim

to

do

sth.意为“力求做某事”。5.

A

90-year-old

has

been

awarded

“Woman

Of

The

Year”

for______（be）

Britain’s

oldest

full-time

employee—still

working

40

hours

a

week.being[解析]

介词for后应该用动名词作宾语,故填being。考点四

非谓语动词作宾补1.不定式作宾补不定式作宾补时，宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主动关系。常用不定式作宾补的动词（短语）有：advise、allow、ask、beg、cause、encourage、expect、forbid、force、intend、invite、order、persuade、prefer、require、remind、tell、want、warn、depend

on等。If

we

expect

people

to

give

up

the

habit

of

driving,

we

must

give

them

an

alternative

they

can

rely

on.如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们一个可以依赖的替代品。易错提示有些动词，如think、consider、believe、suppose、feel、find、understand等后常用tobe作宾补，在sb.

be

believed/said/known/reported/considered/thought＋to

do/to

have

done结构中，用不定式作主语补足语。The

president

was

reported

to

have

visited

China.据报道，那位总统已经访问了中国。2.现在分词作宾补现在分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在主动关系，且强调正在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词有：see、watch、observe、notice、hear、feel、have、get、keep、catch等。Listen!

Do

you

hear

someone

calling

for

help？听！你听到有人正在呼救吗？3.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在被动关系。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动词有：see、watch、observe、notice、hear、feel、have、make、get、find、leave、keep等。I

need

a

new

passport

so

I

will

have

to

have

my

photograph

taken.我需要一本新护照,因此我得拍张照片。4.使役动词have和get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：①have

sth.

done＝get

sth.

done让别人做某事；②have

sb./sth.

doing

sth.让……一直做某事；get

sth./sb.

doing

sth.

使……开始做某事；③have

sb.

do

sth.＝get

sb.

to

do

sth.

让某人做某事。Before

driving

into

the

city,

you

are

required

to

get

your

car

washed.在开车进城之前，你需要洗洗车。5.with的复合结构：①with＋宾语＋doing表示主动，说明动作正在发生或经常发生；②with＋宾语＋done表示被动或完成；③with＋宾语＋to

do表示将要发生的动作。The

old

couple

often

take

a

walk

after

supper

in

the

park

with

their

pet

dog

following

them.这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。With

such

a

short

time

left

before

the

deadline,

it

doesn’t

seem

likely

that

John

will

finish

the

job.离截止日期还有这么短的时间，约翰似乎不可能完成工作。With

a

lot

of

work

to

do,

she

wasn’t

allowed

to

leave

her

office.由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。考点特训I

didn’t

know

how

long

I

stayed

in

my

sister’s

room,

but

in

no

time

I

heard

my

mother

_________（hurry）

into

the

kitchen.hurrying[解析]

考查非谓语动词。设空处所在分句谓语是heard，空格处用非谓语动词，my

mother和hurry之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补，故填hurrying。2.

In

cities

and

rural

areas,

you

can

see

lanterns

__________（decorate）

street

lights,

public

buildings

and

shops.decorating[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：在城市和农村地区，你可以看到灯笼装饰路灯、公共建筑和商店。动词decorate与lanterns之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。3.

Millions

of

pupils

have

been

forced_________（switch）

to

remote

learning,

according

to

Qustodio

software,

which

tracks

usage

of

devices

by

children

aged

4

to

15

in

the

UK,

the

US

and

Spain.to

switch[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：Qustodio

软件表示，数百万学生被迫转向远程学习。该软件追踪英国、美国和西班牙4至15岁儿童使用设备的情况。be

forced

to

do

sth.被迫去做某事。4.

He

had

the

other

boxes

_____（tear）

open

and

got

fifty-two

Oscars,

all

in

perfect

condition.

He

immediately

called

the

police.torn[解析]

考查非谓语动词。动词tear与the

other

boxes为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。5.

The

new

technology

could

enable

more

people_________（access）

the

cultural

relics

despite

the

distance.to

access[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：这项新技术可以让更多的人在距离遥远的情况下接触到文物。enable

sb.

to

do

sth.

让某人能够做某事。6.

Unlike

texts

and

videos,

e-sports

is

understandable

around

the

world,

with

the

barriers

of

language

_______（break）

down.broken[解析]

考查非谓语动词。动词break与the

barriers

of

language

为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。考点五

非谓语动词作主语和表语1.不定式作主语和表语（1）不定式作主语时，一般表示具体某一次的动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而将不定式后置。It’s

our

duty

to

take

good

care

of

the

old.照顾好老人是我们的责任。（2）不定式作表语时，表示预定要发生的动作；当主语是aim、purpose、idea、plan、wish等词时，常用不定式作表语；主语为what引导的名词性从句时，表语多用不定式。His

wish

is

to

be

a

doctor

in

the

future.他的愿望是将来当一名医生。What

I

want

to

do

most

in

senior

high

is

（to）

improve

my

English.我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。（不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do的某种形式，作表语的不定式常省略to。）2.动名词作主语和表语（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。也可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。常用动名词作真正主语的句型有：“It’s

a

waste

of

time

doing...、It’s

no

use/good

doing...、It

is

useless

doing...”。Traveling

along

the

old

Silk

Road

is

an

interesting

and

rewarding

experience.沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。It’s

no

use

just

complaining

without

taking

action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。（2）动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。My

job

is

cleaning

the

house

three

times

a

week.（＝Cleaning

the

house

three

times

a

week

is

my

job.）我的工作是每星期打扫三次房子。3.分词作表语现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征；过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。The

result

of

the

experiment

is

encouraging.实验结果是鼓舞人心的。His

job

was

gone.他的工作丢了。考点特训1.

So

______（live）