老师一句考研长难句篇版

Therewillbetelevision Therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobots,andcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.后置定语修饰televisionchatshows，而限制性定语从句(thatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend)则修饰前面的pollutionmonitors。【词汇】hostn.主人，主持人；v.主持disablevt.使无能，使残废2.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcerns。over是“关于”的含therole(ofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmen)，另一个是theultimatestability(oftheworldeconomy)。【词汇】concernn.关心，顾及；v.涉及，关系到—concerning<写作句型createseriousconcernsoverultimatea.stabilityn.稳定—stablea稳定的3.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.【分析】是一个宾语从句的并列结构，主干是thisdoesnotmean，后面接了三个并列thatmean的宾语，中but连接。在第三个宾语从nolongeropenlyhonored是插入语stirv.&n.激起，搅动promptv.鼓动，促使[注意：prompt在阅读中通常用于形容词，表示“敏捷的、迅速的professv.表示，宣称[pro-向前+fess-说，同根词confess坦白【译文这并不意味着抱负已经穷途末路，人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了；而只是说明人们不再意公开地承认，公开以它4.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn'trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.thedailyclashTheastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn'trooted。两个分词短语充当句子的状【词汇】berootedin[写作【词汇】berootedin[写作句型theastonishingofisrootedin例如：Theastonishingignoranceofenvironmentalpollutionisrootedintoomuchimportanceattachedtotheresultsofeconomicdevelopment.对于环境污染令人震惊的忽视，根源于我们过度重视经济发展的结果。worldview5.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.【分析】本句是一个虚拟语句。Ifitdid是从句，主句主语it后面跟了两个并列的谓语成分：一是wouldopenupitsdiversityprogram，二是(would)lookforreporters。reporters后面跟了一个定语从句。nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender是插入语，也是分词结构作program的后置定语。【词汇】diversityn.多样性/focuson聚焦于centerongendern.性别outlookn观【译文】如果是这样，它就应该进一步开放其目前只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别员工的多样化项目，并进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。6.Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof“defendingcompetition”onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheUSvs.Microsoftcase?【分析句是疑问句，主shouldonecountrytakeupontherole，onissues是介词短语做状语，thataffectmanyothernationsissues的定语从句。asintheUSvs.Microsoftcase是状语结构。【词汇】takeupontheroleof…担起…的责VSversus的缩写，vers-是词根，表示“转”(adversity=ad-语气加强+vers-转-+ity名词尾缀-->转到对面去成为一个人前进的障碍-->困难，逆境adversary敌人versatile多才多艺的)【译文在那些将会影响许多其他国家的事情中，如美国政府与微软公司的诉讼案，一个国家是否应该担负起“保护竞争”的责任呢7.Aneducationthataimsatgettingastudentacertainkindofjobisatechnicaleducation,justifiedforreasonsradicallydifferentfromwhyeducationisuniversallyrequiredbylaw.【分析】句子主语是aneducation，后面that引导定语从句修饰主语，谓语动词是is，表语是atechnicaleducation。过去分词结构justifiedforreason做后置定语修饰atechnicaleducation，原本whichisjustifiedforreasonsreasonsA，后面whyeducationisuniversallyrequiredbylawB，因justifiedforAradicallydifferentB。【词汇】bejustifiedfor…被证明合理是由于原意为“激进”，在考研中的副词修饰形容词时通常翻译为“非常【译文大差别【译文大差别旨在使学生胜任某种工作的教育是职业教育，它存在的理由与法律所规定的普及教育之间有8.Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.myexperimenthasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality。注意其谓语是一个turnsth.intosth.的结构。前面两个逗号之间的是时间状语。主语的修饰部分inwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”，此处的难点是term用作动词，termA.B.把…说成…，此处的A就是放置前方的what。tiredexcuse老掉牙的借口9.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonableprice,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.【分析】本句是简单句，it主语，serves…..toassist为谓语部分，arapiddistributionofgoods是宾语，atmakeitadj.todosth.。it作形式宾语，provideforexportatcompetitiveprices是真正的宾语。【词汇】servetodistributionn.10.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.号里是用于解释说明，isreduced是谓语结构，onaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitationonaverageexploitationn（一种杀死和吃其它动物的生物）的数量从15年前开始开发以来已经平均减少了80%。11.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivate面的宾语用notonly….butalso…连接，第二个宾语certainrightsincluding引导的结构作为解释，theright后面是ortodeterminetomake构成并列。embracev.拥抱，[僻义]包含[写作句型theenvironmentalprotectionembracesnotonlyaseriesoflawsandregulationsbutalsotheincreasedawarenessofthepublic.环境保护不仅仅只是一系列的法律法规，还有老百姓意识的增强。determinevt.决定v.bedeterminedtodo12.WehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhoisincompleteifhecannotcompetentlyassesshowhislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythingsoutsideofhimself.一个who引导的定语从句：其中主句是whoisincomplete，if引导条件从句，这个条件从句中的谓语动词assess跟了一个how引导的宾语从句。【词汇】acertainassessv.评价，评13.The"shareholders"assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood.assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmen是宾语，employedbythecompanyworkmeninwhichheheldshares是定语从句修饰前面的company。【词汇】assuchhavenoknowledgeof对…14.EconomistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavorableinflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnitedStates,sinceconventionalmeasuressuggestthatbotheconomies,andespeciallyAmerica's,havelittleproductiveslack.conventionn.大会，会议；[僻义惯例>conventionala传统的traditionalslackn.松弛，淡季15.Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunately,alittledefective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchangesintheworldhaveupendedtheoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebaseduponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.powerfulstructuralchangesintheworld是主语，haveupended是谓语，theoldeconomicmodels是宾语，后【词汇】thrillinga.defectivea.有缺陷的[写作句型]wecanfindthatpowerfulinnovativemeasureshaveupendedtheoldlifestyleinwhichtoolittleimportancewereattachedtotheenvironmentalprotection.我们发现强有力的改革措施改变了不太重视环境保护的16.Hiscolleague,MichaelBeer,saysthatfartoomanycompanieshaveappliedre-engineeringinamechanisticfashion,choppingoutcostswithoutgivingsufficientthoughttolong-termprofitability.ina…fashion以….方式chopout削减=cutdownsufficienta.充分的givethoughtto17.Unlikemostoftheworld'svolcanoes,theyarenotalwaysfoundattheboundariesofthegreatdriftingthatmakeuptheearth'ssurface;onthecontrary,manyofthemliedeepintheinteriorofa态，attheboundariesofthegreatdriftingplates是地点状语，thatplates。后面分句是系表结构liedeep。【词汇】volcanon.driftv.漂移，漂流platen.盘子，[专业用语]makeupinteriorn.18.Inthepastyear,however,softwarecompanieshavedevelopedtoolsthatallowcompaniesto"push"informationdirectlyouttoconsumers,transmittingmarketingmessagesdirectlytotargetedcustomers.【分析】Inthepastyear是时间状语,softwarecompanies是主语，havedevelopedtoolsmarketingn.营销19.Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization:fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizensliveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generationhouseholds.【分析】witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralizationcentralization,hascome，witheconomicgrowth是状语。冒号后面fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizens是主语，live谓语，incities是地点状语，后面是where引导的定语从句。从句中communityandtheextendedfamily是主语，havebeenabandoned是谓语，infavorof引导状语结构。【词汇】centralizationn.集中化，中心化>decentralizev.分散extendedfamily传统大家庭infavorof支持，[引申由…isolateda.孤立的[i我，sole自己，ate动词词尾20.Luckily,if20.Luckily,ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster,asuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles.Orsothethinkinghasgonesincetheearly1980s,whenjuriesbeganholdingmorecompaniesliablefortheircustomers'misfortunes.【分析】本句是两个句子结合。在第一个句子中，ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster是从句，指门垫或炉灶没有警示语。在第二个句子中，or连接句子，sothethinkinghasgone是一个倒装结构，正常的语序应该是thethinkinghasgoneso(人们是这么想的)，go这个词的用法很灵活，有进展，进行的意思。时间状语theearly1980s后面是when引导的定语从句，其中juries是主语，beganholding是谓语，后面是宾语morecompanies，liablefortheircustomers’misfortunes是形容词结构做修饰。lawsuitn.诉讼juryn.陪审团holdv.[僻义]认为1980年代的早期开始人们的想法就是这样的了，那时候法庭认为商家对消费者的不幸应该负21.Besides,thisisunlikelytoproducetheneedednumberofeverykindofprofessionalinacountryaslargeasoursandwheretheeconomyisspreadoversomanystatesandinvolvessomanyinternationalcorporations.【分析】这里的主语this，后面不定式短语isunlikelytoproduce的真正宾语是professional，前面的成分theneedednumberofeverykindof是修饰这个词的短语，接着是地点inacountrycountry带了两个修饰成分：前一个是形容词性的短语aslargeasours，后一个是where引导的定语从句，这个从句的主语theeconomy有两个谓语动词：is和involves。【词汇】beunlikelytoproducev.[翻译难词]培养（人才），提供（服务），生产（商品corporationn.【译文】另外，在我们这么一个大国里，经济延展到这么多的州、涉及到这么多的国际公司，因而要按照数量培养出所需的各类专业人员是不大可能的。22.But,forasmallgroupofstudents,professionaltrainingmightbethewaytogosincewell-developedskills,allotherfactorsbeingequal,canbethedifferencebetweenhavingajobandnot.【分析】前面for引导的状语表示的是对象，主干professionaltrainingmightbetheway，表语theway跟了一个不定式togo，since引导原因状语从句，从句主skillscanbethedifference，allotherfactorsbeingequal是一个独立主格结构，在本句中作插入语。Difference后面带了一个介词短between…and…，and后面not出现省略，可以补全为nothavingajob。【词汇】写作句型：forsb./sth.,mightbethewaytogo对于…，…也许是可取之例句：forthecurrent例句：forthecurrentenvironmentalproblem,theeffectivesupervisionmightbethewaytogo.对于前的环境问题，有效的监管也许是条可取之路【译文但是，对一小部分学生来说，职业教育也许是条可取之路。因为在其他因素相同的情况下娴熟是得到工作与否的关23.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“haveitall”,preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitof【分析】主干结Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“haveitall”…intoawoman。preachedby…magazine是过去分词短语，作thephilosophyof“haveitall”的定语，插在from…into之中，也充当插入语概念。【词汇】transformfrom…into…将…从…变为…passionatea.充满激情的，积极的preachv.鼓吹behappytosettleforabitofeverything乐于接受生活的一切-->【译文】在过去七年里林达·凯尔西一直在《女性》杂志鼓吹“全力以赴”的生活哲学，我已经从一个积极倡导24.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.Theriseofanti-happyart…trackstheemergenceofmassmedia…and….acommercialculture。withitit指theemergenceofmassmedia。另外，inwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology是一个定语从句，修饰acommercialculture。【词汇】trackv.emergencyn.出现massmedia大众媒notjust…but=notonly…butalso=notmerelybutalso=notsimply…butalso…idealn.理想25.Butthiswasnotalwaysthecase；beforeitwaslegallyrequiredforallchildrentoattendschooluntilacertainage,itwaswidelyacceptedthatsomewerejustnotequippedbynaturetopursuethiskindofitsomewerejustnotequippedbynaturetopursuethiskindofeducation【词汇】itwaswidelyaccepted意为“人们普遍认为”beequippedbybeequippedbynaturetodopursuev.追求>pursuit26.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.【分析】这是因果复合句，前半句是原因，后半句结果。前半句中，thatmeans后面是一个省略that的宾语从句，其中主语是ahigherproportionofwhatisinthesea，谓语isbeingcaught。后半句是一个比较级结therealdifferenceislikelytobeworsethantheone…，注recordedbychangesincatchsizes是一个过去分词结构，修饰theone。【词汇】ahigherproportionofcatchsizes【译文】这意味着更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕杀，因此介于现在和过去这一段时间，真正差别可能比捕获量所记录的变化更要糟糕。27.NBACwillaskthatClinton's90-daybanonfederalfundsforhumancloningbeextendedindefinitely,andpossiblythatitbemadelaw.【分析】这个句子的主语是NBAC，谓语ask后面是两个并列的宾语从句。在第一个从句中，主语是Clinton's90-dayban，谓语是beextended，ask表示“要求”，后面是虚拟语气的用法，即the90-daybanshouldbeextended，should被省略。在第二个从句中，itthebanonfederalfundsforhumancloning语动词be前面也被省略should。【词汇】ask要求（后面出现从句，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略banfederalfunds联邦资indefinitely无限制【译文】NBAC会要求将克林顿所颁布的在90天内禁止联邦基金用于克隆人的禁令无限期地延续下去，28.Inadraftprefacetotherecommendations,discussedatthe17Maymeeting,Shapirosuggestedthatthepanelhadfoundabroadconsensusthatitwouldbe“morallyunacceptabletoattempttocreateahumanchildbyadultnuclearcloning.”【分析】主干是Shapirosuggestedthatrecommendations后面接ittoattempttocreateahumanchildbyadultnuclearcloning。【词汇】draftpreface序言(pre-在…前面，face封面suggest不表示建suggest不表示建议，在这里译成“提panel专家组consensus共识attemptto是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”29.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.【分析】本句结构简单，主句也是一个there加系动词的用法。而表语asocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaderswhichhelpsexplain….whythe“standardtemplates”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreadersexplain的宾语部分。alien外国的bealiento【译文】新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”30.Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword"amateur"doescarryaconnotationthatpersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotshareitsvalues.例如awriterofdistinction一位卓越的作家academicdistinctions学术上的荣amateura.业余爱好者carryaconnotationisfullyintegratedinto（integratev.使一体化，结合31.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganized，aroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,orientedeconomy是介orientedeconomy是介词短语做状语。Inwhich引导定economy。其consumers是主语，谓语动词determinewhat引导的宾语从句。thosegoodsandservicesfor的宾语，thattheywantmost是定语从句修饰前面的名词。32.Whilewarningsareoftenappropriateandnecessary—thedangersofdruginteractions,forexample—andmanyarerequiredbystateorfederalregulations,itisn'tclearthattheyactuallyprotectthemanufacturersandsellersfromliabilityifacustomerisinjured.【分析】在这个主从复合句中，itisn'tclear…isinjured是主句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用bystateorfederalregulations中的many是指manywarningsit，真正的主that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。federal联邦regulation法规【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们)33.Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.【分析】句子主干结构是Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccur；becauseof后面有两个宾语thepopulationexplosionorproblems；名词problems带有现在分词短语作后置定语arisingfrommassmigrationmovements；themselves指前面的名词短语massmigrationmovements，充当同位语作用，后面的过去分词短语maderelativelyeasy是themselves的后置定语，bymodernmeansoftransport是方式状语，解释变得容易的原因。arisefrom源自于migration移民34.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.【分析句【分析句alateralmove是主语，thathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogressalateralmove的定语，promotedsb.toabandon..是谓语结构，although是连接词，Icoveredmyexit是从句主干，by引导状语，引号里的是claim的宾语，其中逗号之间的inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister【单词】lateraladj.平行blockmptsb.todo促使某人做某disgrace丢脸，耻辱cover掩【译文】一次35.Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuchpublicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofafterabuildupofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.【分析本句asperhapsKelseywill…abuildupofstress充当插入语Kelseywill后面省略了前面出现的重复discover，after作为介词引导宾语hermuchpublicizedresignation做状语。本句的主体结构是Ihavediscoveredthat…宾语从句中主语为abandoning…andmaking…并列的动名词短语；谓语为bringsth结构，只fargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus过长，而把withit状【词汇】resignationabuildupofstress长期doctrine信念alternative转换【译文】我发觉，放弃那种“日夜操劳的生活”信念而选择“放慢生活的节奏”会带来比金钱和社会位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女性》杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。36.Tomcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich,initsstrongestform,statesthatlanguageimprisonsthemind,andthatthegrammaticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefarreachingconsequencesforthecultureofasociety.【分析】子的主干为Tomcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminism。which引导限制性定语从句，linguisticdeterminism。在由which引导的定语从句中，initsstrongestform是插入语，谓语动词states跟了thatlanguageimprisonsthemindandthatthegrammaticalpatterns…society。，只能译【词汇】cometostatev.statev.farreaching深远的37.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesoverthepastthreedecadesindicates,宾thestrongfeelinginoursociety,thatthestrongfeelingallcitizens是主语，后面是插入语，谓语部分是deservetheopportunityto…。【词汇】showgreatinterestin对…deservetheopportunityto享有…30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种强烈的情绪，38.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyandreliable.【分析】句首是as引导的状语从句，其中moveawayfrom后面接了三个并列的宾语theirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyearstheirextendedfamilyrelationshipsand连接的两个句子组合而成的并列句，前面theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff，后面一个句子中，withit是状语，主语是theconfidence，后面that引导同位语从句。注意：后面分句本身结构是theconfidencethatiscutoff，由于and前后并列，句尾的iscutoff被省略。cutoff切断reliable可靠的39.ThedebatewaslaunchedbytheGovernment,whichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC——includingordinarylistenersandviewertosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation,andevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkeeping.invited…sb.tosayanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC的解释说明。say【词汇】launchcorporationbeworthdoing40.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.【分析】thechange是主语，and并列两个谓语动词metprevented，thetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagemet的宾语，by引导状语，thedeclineinefficiencyprevented的宾语，that引导定语从句。【词汇】engage从事；引入或吸meettherequirementsofthenewage满足新时代的要求spoil损坏[sparetherod,spoilthechild.棍棒底下出孝子。]energetic充满活力的【译文】这种变化通过引入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求，并且这种变化防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二代和第三代人的时候，经常会毁掉那些家族公司的财富41.Amongthemanyshapingfactors,Iwouldsingleoutthecountry'sexcellentelementaryschools:alaborforcethatwelcomedthenewtechnology；thepracticeofgivingpremiumstoinventors;andabovealltheAmericangeniusfornonverbal,"spatial"thinkingaboutthingstechnological.【分析】句首amongthemanyshapingfactors是状语，wouldsingleout是谓语，thecountry'sexcellentelementaryschools是宾语，冒号后面excellentelementaryschools，三个名词结构并alaborforce，thepractice和theAmericangenius，每个名词后面都有修饰，分别是that引导定语从句，of的结构修饰for【词汇难点singleout挑选出；practice方式，方法；premium奖励；【译文】在许多形成因素当中，我将挑选出这个国家优秀的基础教育：欢迎新技术的劳动者们：奖励发明的做法；而且最重要的是美国人在对那些技术性事物的非言语的、"空间性的"思考方面的天42.Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreasedtolerance,withmoreandmoreofthesubstancerequiredproducethedesiredeffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasantwithdrawalsymptomswhentheis【分析is【分析】本句的主体结构是Dependenceismarkedfirstby….,andthenby…。with引导作为伴随状语，requiredtoproducethedesiredeffect是分词结构做thesubstance的后置定语。Tolerance原意是容忍，此处是【词汇dependence依赖producethedesiredeffect产生预symptom症状discontinue停止【翻译难点】bemarkedfirstby被动语态转换成“首先表【译文】依赖性首先表现为不断增长的耐药量，要产生想得到的效果所需要的药品剂量越来越大，然后表现为当停止用药后，令人不快的停药症状的出现。43.Duringthediscussionofrocksingingversesatlastmonth'sstockholders'meeting,Levinassertedthat"musicisnotthecauseofsociety'sills"andevencitedhisson,ateacherintheBronx,NewYork,whousesraptocommunicatewithstudents.【分析】句首是状Duringthediscussionofrocksingingverses表示对象，at表示地点，lastmonth'sstockholders'meeting是具体的地点，主干结构是Levinassertedthat….andcitedhisson，that引导宾语从句，ateacherintheBronx,NewYork是插入语，也是hisson的同位语，who引导定语从句hisson。【难词verse诗篇，在这里是语assertill是熟词僻义，表示问citesb.以…【译文】在上个月的股东大会上关于摇滚歌词的讨论中，莱文宣称说：音乐不是社会问题的原因，他甚至还以他的儿子为例。他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一个教师，并用说唱音乐与学生们进行沟通。44.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthreestarrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.【分析】句的主句是wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles。非限定性的定语(whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply)spectacles。冒号后面的成分是三个并列的名词性短语，其核心词分critic，publisherjournalist。withaSouthamptonsummerhome是伴随状语修饰前面thecritic;whotakeshismealsinthreestarrestaurants是定语从句修饰名词thepublisher；thejournalist后面有两个修饰advocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife做分词做后置定语，whose引导定语从【词汇hypocriticaladj.【词汇hypocriticaladj.虚伪的spectaclen.场面participatoryadj.参与的democracyn.民主【译文】相反，我们面对了似乎比以前任何时候都多的精美但虚伪的景观：美国物欲主义批评家在南普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅，激进图书的出版商在三星级餐馆就餐，倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者把自己的子女送进私立学校。45.Newwaysoforganizingtheworkplace--allthatre-engineeringanddownsizing--areonlyonecontributiontotheoverallproductivityofaneconomy,whichisdrivenbymanyotherfactorssuchasjointinvestmentinequipmentandmachinery,newtechnology,andinvestmentineducationandtraining,【分析】破折号之间是插入语Newwaysoforganizingtheworkplaceare，onecontributiontotheoverallproductivityofaneconomy是表语，which引导定语从句，谓语是被动概念，suchas后面引导三个并列名词部分解释manyotherfactors。【词汇downsize缩小规bedrivenby受到…的驱overall整体jointinvestment联合投资>joint共同的，集合的=【译文】企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。这种经济还受许多其他因素的驱动，比如设备和机械上的联合投资、新技术，以及在教育和培训上的投资。46.Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996revealsthattheantisciencetaghasbeenattachedtomanyothergroupsaswell,fromauthoritieswhoadvocatedtheeliminationofthelastremainingstocksofsmallpoxvirustoRepublicanswhoadvocateddecreasedfundingforbasicresearch.【分析】主Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996，reveals是谓语，that引导宾语从句theantisciencetag是主语hasbeenattachedto是被动形式构成谓语，manyothergroups宾语结构，后面fromauthorities…toRepublicans…是状语，两个who分别引导定语从句修饰前面的名词。【词汇tag标签beattachedto贴于，附属elimination消除virus病倡导<此处需要转倡导<此处需要转换成贬义，可以译成【译文】一项关于1996年新闻报道的调查显示，反科学的标签还可以贴在许多其他团体身上——从提倡最后存留的天花病毒的权威机构，到鼓吹削减基础研究经费的共和党人47.Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.【分析】本句的断句标志是for。注意，for后面接单词是为了，接句子是因为，相当于状语从句连词because。具体分析结构如下：when引导时间状语从句，其中anewmovementinart是主语，attains是谓语，acertainfashion是宾语。itisadvisabletofindout…是主句，what引导从findout的宾语。for引导原因状语从句，for后面的逗号结构是插入语，结尾处是it引导的形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。【词汇attainacertainfashion成为某种流行时尚aimat目的在于farfetched牵强的，无inyearstocome多年以【译文】当艺术领域的一项新运动发展成某种流行时尚时，最好应该弄清这场运动倡导者的真正意图，因为，不管他们的原则在今天看来多么牵强无理，很可能多年以后这些原则会被视为正常。48.Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudents'careerprospectsandthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomforbroaderreasonsofradicaleducationreform.首先先分析结构：主语是Aninvisibleborder，谓语是divides，宾语是and连接的两个those，后面都接了arguingforcomputers…的分词结构。argue主张—arguefor支持，持积极态onbehalfof49.Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthescienceindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableinand【分and【分析】本if引导的状语从句，从experimentsareplannedandcarriedout是主体部分，accordingtoplan是状语，asfaithfullyas是比较级，thereports…indicate是比较的对象，主句itisadj.fortodo…，expect…to…是固定结构，measurableindollarsandcents是形容词结构做results的后置定语。【词汇carryout实施faithfully如实journal杂perfectly完全地，非常<写作句型：itisperfectlylogicalforsbtodo…对于某人做…是完全合理的>produceresults产生结果measurable可以衡量【译文】如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施，那么对管理层来说，期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。今天前面的励志话语用这个：今天是长难句第0天，每天睡前都需要整理句子，做好第二天发布的准备，有时候出现一些遗漏，就有同学会过来责备，说“你就不会认真点？”“你怎么都不知道检查一下？”，但不管怎样，我还是坚持下来了，我希望通过我的坚持帮助你们形成习惯，成功就是一种习惯。用能感动自己的毅力坚持下来。50.Itisentirelyreasonableforauditorstobelievethatscientistswhoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthereshouldnotbedistractedbythenecessityofkeepingoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisonthemicroscope.itisadj.forsbtodobelievethatscientists是主whoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthere定语从句修饰，谓语动词是被动语shouldnotbedistractedby，thenecessity是宾语，ofkeepingoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisonthemicroscope引导结构做定语。auditor审查者cashregister51.Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimitedtheopportunitiesofteenagerswhoarealreadyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan’srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomanentrywomenintothewomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarket，谓语动havelimited，theopportunitiesofteenagers是宾语，后面是who引导的定语从句，从句中arequestioning是谓语部分，theheavypersonalsacrifices是宾语，后面是involved引导的分词结构做后置定语。postwar战后dominate统治question质疑rigid严格的，严酷【译文】.少年已经在不停地质疑，为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯，他们做出的巨大个人牺牲到底值不值得。52.Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.【分析】本句的最大难点是分号的作用，通常分号是分割两句话，但本句中if引导状语从句，主句是分号和peoplewhotheeducated是表示一类人，notleastamongthem前面省略了谓语动词。istohave在此处具有强调的意思，可以译成“就是”。bewidelyshared53.AsEugeneFergusonhaspointedout,"Atechnologistthinksaboutobjectsthatcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions:theyaredealtwithinhismindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess...Thedesignerandtheinventor..,areabletoassembleandmanipulateintheirmindsdevicesthatasyetdonotexist".【分析】As引导状语从句，正如…Atechnologistthinksaboutobjects是主干，that引导定语从句。冒号后面是解释说明。Thedesignerandtheinventor是另一句的主语，areabletoassembleandmanipulate是谓语，devices是宾语，intheirminds是状语，后面是定语从句修饰devices。【注意】assembleandmanipulatedevices，中间插入了一个状语，这是考研翻译题中重点unambiguous清楚visual视觉的assemble组装visual视觉的assemble组装脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。54.TheAswanDam,forexample,stoppedtheNilefloodingbutdeprivedEgyptofthefertilesiltthatfloods—allinreturnforagiantreservoirofdiseasewhichisnowsofullofsiltthatitbarelygenerates【分析】本句长度一般，但是结构混乱。forexample插入语，TheAswanDambut引导的并列结修饰agiantreservoirofdisease，而其中so…that…构成固定结构。fertile肥沃的silt淤inreturnfor【分析】破折号之间是插入语，Thisdevelopment是主语，hasenthroned…a