浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatcoloristhesofa?A.White. B.Brown. C.Blue.〖答案〗A【原文】M:Weneedanewsofa.Thisoneisstartingtosinkinthemiddleanditlooksshabby.W:Yes.Whitewasn’tagoodchoiceofcolor.Thenextoneshouldbedarker.Brownorbluemaybe.2.Whatwillthemando?A.Lockthedoors. B.Repairthespeakers. C.Informthecustomers.〖答案〗A【原文】M:Canyougoaroundanddotheclosingannouncementforeveryonewhoisstillhere?I’mgoingtolockthedoors.W:Sure.Ihopewecangetthespeakersfixedsoon,though.It’shardworkfindingeveryoneinthisbigstore.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thewoman’sgarden. B.Thewoman’scooking. C.Theirgrandma’shealth.〖答案〗B【原文】W:Thisissotasty.Wanttotrysome?Imadeitthismorning.M:Thatisreallydelicious.Mygrandmausedtomakesouplikethis.Shesaiditkeptherhealthy.W:Ialwaysusefreshvegetablesfromthegarden,grownwithoutusingchemicals.4.WhoisNicole?A.Theman’sdaughter. B.Theman’ssister. C.Theman’sniece.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Hey,Brian!Longtimenosee.Andwhoisthislittleprincess?Issheyourdaughter?M:No,it’smysister’s.I’mjustlookingafterNicolefortheday.MywifeandIstillhaven’thadkidsyet.5.Whathappenedtotheman?A.HelostanEnglishreport. B.HebrokehisUSBmemory. C.Hesentafiletoawrongperson.〖答案〗A【原文】M:Youshouldsaveyouressayinotherplaces,too.DoyouhaveaUSBmemory?W:No,butIhavealreadysentthefiletomyselfoveremail.M:Good.Ilearnedthehardway.IhadtorewritemyEnglishreportyesterdayaftermypersonalcomputerbrokedown.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatjobwouldMillieprefer?A.Tocreatesoaps. B.Todobeautytreatments. C.Todoresearchonscience.7.WhatismoreimportanttoMillie?A.Ahighsalary. B.Ahighsocialstatus. C.Jobsatisfaction.〖答案〗6.B7.C【原文】M:Haveyouthoughtaboutwhatcareeryouwillhaveafteryouleavecollege,Millie?W:I’dliketodobeautytreatmentsandmaybehairdressing.M:Butthatwouldbeapityforagirlofyourintelligence.You’llhaveadegreeinchemistry.W:Yes,butmake-upandbeautyisthethingIreallyenjoy.M:Couldn’tyoudomake-upresearch?Thereisalotofscienceinthat.Ormaybecreatingsoaps?Ihavelivedalifeandknowwhatwillmattertoyouinthefuture.W:Iwantjobsatisfaction.Ahighsalaryandahighsocialstatuscomelowerdownthelistformeandit’smylifewe’retalkingabout,afterall.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00p.m. B.8:00p.m. C.9:00p.m.9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotomorrowmorning?A.Pickupafriend. B.Catchaflight. C.Takeatraintothecity.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Annoyed. B.Excited. C.Surprised.〖答案〗8.B9.B10.A【原文】W:We’vebeenherefortwohours.Areyousureshe’sstillcoming?Thelasttraincomesinat9:00p.m.andthat’sonlyanhouraway.Ihopesheisonit.M:Well,it’shardtoreceivephonesignalswhileonthetrain,sosheprobablyjustcan’tmessageus.Sarahisalwayslateanyway,soIbetshejusthadtotakealatertrain.W:Yes.Butifsheisn’theretonight,wewon’tmakeittotheairportontimeinthemorning.Wewouldhavetoleaveonourflightwithouther.M:Shewouldhavecalledusifthetrainhadleftwithouther.Besides,itwasjusteasiertogetthetrainintothecity.Shestilllivescloseenoughtodrivehercarhereandmakeitontime.Justhavealittlefaithinourfriend.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Orderingfood. B.Waitinginline. C.Takingabreak.12.Howoftendoesthewomanexerciseeveryweek?A.Twice. B.Threetimes. C.Fourtimes.13.Howdoesthemanusuallygettowork?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bysubway.〖答案〗11.C12.B13.A【原文】M:Hey,Erica.Isawthatyouwereworkinghardthismorning.W:Yes,Igotalotdone.It’snicetobeabletositdownandrelaxforalittlewhile.M:Iwasabouttogogetsomelunch.Wouldyouliketojoinme?W:No,thanks.Ibroughtmyown.Iusedtoeatoutallthetime,butIgottiredofwaitinginline.M:Howdoyoualwayshavesomuchenergy?IfIwokeupearlytomakemyownfood,I’dbetiredallday.W:Onceyougetintoaroutine,it’snotsobad.Doyouworkout?M:Iusuallygoforarunfourtimesaweek,sometimesless.Whataboutyou?W:IworkoutinthegymtwiceduringtheworkdayandIrunonSaturdayeveryweek.Doyoudrivetowork?M:Yes.Icouldwalk,andthentakethesubway.ButthenI’dhavetowakeupearlier.W:Ifyouwantmoreenergy,youneedtobehealthier.Youhavetomakesomesacrifices.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatwillthegirldotomorrowafternoon?A.Takeatest. B.MeetwithMary. C.HandinanEnglishpaper.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl’sparents?A.Theylikereadingpoems.B.Theylikereadingsciencebooks.C.Theyinfluencedthegirltomakeadecision.16.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Ataclassroom. B.Atthegirl’shouse. C.Attheteachers’office.〖答案〗14.B15.C16.C【原文】W:Hi,mynameisSusan.Ineedhelpwithmycollegeessays.M:Hello,I’mMarcus.Ijustgotdoneeditingastudent’sEnglishpaper.I’mavailablebeforemynextappointmentat11:15a.m.What’sthesubjectofyouressay?W:Well,Iactuallyhavethreeessays...M:Ithinkwe’llonlymanagetolookatone.Youcanbringtheothertwobacktomorrow.I’llhavetimeat10:30a.m.AnotherwritingassistantnamedMaryisfreeat1:15p.m.W:Afternoonisbetter,sinceIhaveatestinthemorning.M:OK.Now,what’sthetopicofthefirstessay?W:Theessayquestionis:Whatexperienceinyourchildhoodinfluencedyourdecisiontoattendcollege?M:Ah,Iseethatquestionalot.Haveyoupickedanexperience?W:Yes,thatwastheeasypart.MyparentsalwaysreadalotwhileIwasgrowingup.Notmagazinesornewspapers,butlongbooks.M:Likesciencebooks?W:Well,mymotherlikedtoreadhistoricalnovels.Myfatherlikedtoreadabouteverything,especiallypoems.So,Ialwayswantedtolearnaboutwhattheywerereading.MyparentssaidIcouldfindoutaboutthemincollege.M:Soundsgood,Susan.Let’sseewhatyou’vewrittensofar.W:I’veonlygottenthroughthefirstparagraph.Now,I’mstuck.M:Let’sreadittogether.Thenwecanmakeanoutlineforyouressay.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheweddinginItaly?A.Itistypical. B.Itisboring. C.Itisimpressive.18.Wheredidthebridegroommeetthebride?A.InItaly. B.InFrance. C.InEngland.19.WhatoftenhappensatAmericanweddingsaccordingtothespeaker?A.Longspeechesaregiven.B.Abigdinnerisservedbeforethewedding.C.Everythingaboutweddingismadeathome.20.Whydidthefamilycutupthebridegroom’stie?A.Toplayajokeonthebridegroom.B.Tomakethebridegroomdifferent.C.Toraisemoneyforthenewcouple.〖答案〗17.C18.B19.A20.C【原文】Ihavebeentomanydifferenttypesofweddings,andtheyareallmemorableintheirownway.ButIcan’trememberabetteronethantheweddingIattendedinNorthernItalylastsummer.Firstofall,alittlebackground:theweddingwasforagoodfriendofmineImetinuniversityinEngland.Aftergraduation,wespentsometimeinFrance,wherehemethislovelygirlthathewasgoingtomarry.Twoyearslater,Iwasridingupthenarrowstreetsthatledtohishometowninthemountains.ThefirstdifferenceInoticedwastherewasnotraditionalbachelorparty.Instead,thefamilyhadabigdinnereverydaytheweekbeforethewedding.Theymadeeverythingthemselves,evenontheweddingday.ThisisunlikeAmericanweddings,whereitistypicaltohireacompanytodoit.Onthedayofthewedding,thereweretwoothernon-AmericantraditionsIliked.One:therewerenolong,boringspeeches!Andtwo:thecuttingofthebridegroom’stie.Iknowitsoundslikeajoke,butit’strue!Thefamilycutsthetieintolittlepieces,andthenpeoplebidonthemtoraisemoneyforthehappycouple!Itwasalotoffun.It’salsofuntolearnotherpeople’sculturesandseethemcelebratetogether.So,whatisthemostromanticweddingyouhaveattendedlike?第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳〖答案〗。AOpeningNoticefortheNationalMuseumofChina(NMC)Admission:NMCisopenfromTuesdaytoSunday,9:00-17:30(noentryafter16:30),andisclosedonMondays(exceptforpublicholidays).Allvisitorsarerequiredtobookonline1-7daysinadvanceviatheNMCofficialwebsiteorWeChatplatform.AudioGuideRental:AudioguidedevicesareavailableattheWestHallServiceDeskforRMB40,withaRMB100deposit.AvalidIDisnecessary.Damagetoanaudioguidecausesafeebasedonthelevelofdamage.Lostdevicesaresubjecttopaymentofthefullpurchasecost.Facilities:WheelchairsandstrollersareavailableforfreeuseonthedayofvisitattheServiceDesk.AvalidIDcardandadepositofRMB500arerequired.PhotoPolicy:PhotographyisallowedintheNMCcollectionexhibitionswithoutusingflash,selfiesticks,ortripods.Temporaryexhibitsmayhavespecificphotopolicies,indicatedbyclearsignsputupatboththeentranceandthecorrespondingexhibithalls.Transportation:BusRoute:YoucantaketheNo.1,No.2,No.52,No.82,No.120buses,orSightseeingLine2,TouristBusLine1andLine2andgetoffatTian’anmenEastStation.Metro:YoucantakeMetroLine1,getoffatTian’anmenEastStation,andexitthestationthroughExitC.21.Whathappensifarentedaudioguidedeviceisdamaged?A.AnadditionalfeeofRMB40ischarged. B.Thevisitorisexcusedfromanycharges.C.Itsfullpriceischargedregardlessofthedamage. D.Compensationisbasedontheextentofthedamage.22.WhatcanyoudoduringyourvisittoNMC?A.Borrowawheelchairwithadepositof$500.B.Useastrollerprovidedbythemuseumforfree.C.Takephotoswithflashlight,selfiestickortripod.D.Takepicturesofthecollectionsonallexhibitions.23.WhichofthefollowingcantakeyoutoNMC?A.TheNo.82Bus. B.SightseeingLine1.C.TouristBusLine52． D.MetroLine2.〖答案〗21.D22.B23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国国家博物馆开馆公告的具体内容。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据AudioGuideRental中“Damagetoanaudioguidecausesafeebasedonthelevelofdamage.”（损坏音频导览会根据损坏程度收取费用。）可知，如果租用的语音导览损坏，要根据损坏程度进行赔偿。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Facilities中“WheelchairsandstrollersareavailableforfreeuseonthedayofvisitattheServiceDesk.”（轮椅和婴儿车在参观当天可在服务台免费使用。）可知，博物馆免费提供婴儿车供使用。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Transportation中“YoucantaketheNo.1,No.2,No.52,No.82,No.120buses,orSightseeingLine2,TouristBusLine1andLine2andgetoffatTian’anmenEastStation.”（您可以乘坐1路、2路、52路、82路、120路公交车，或者乘坐观光2号线、旅游1号线、2号线，在天安门东站下车。）可知，82路公交车可到达国国家博物馆。故选A项。BWhenMarkAnthonyGonzalessawapoliceofficerinneedofassistance,everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu(巴西柔术)training—morality,courage,benevolence(仁爱)—toldhimtostophiscarandlendahand,eventhoughhiswife,RachelOrtiz,andhisfourkidswereinthecar.Thesuspect,abaldingmanofmediumbuild,wasrunningfromapoliceofficerinSanAntonio,Texas.Gonzalessloweddown.Sodidthemanbeingchased—toavoidrunningintoGonzales’sminivan.Thathesitationallowedtheofficertocatchupandtakethesuspecttotheground.ButGonzalesquicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituationwiththesuspectstrugglingfiercely.Gonzalesputhisvehicleinparkandjumpedout,asdidOrtiz.ThefirstthingGonzalesdidwasidentifyhimselfandspellouthisintentiontomakeittwo-on-oneintheofficer’sfavorandnottheotherwayaround.Then,withthemanonhisbackandtheofficerstrugglingtocontroltheman’supperbody,Gonzalesputhisweightontheman’slegs.Secondslater,whenthesuspectrolledontohisstomach,Gonzalesusedtechniqueshe’dlearnedinthegym:digginghiskneeintothesuspect’selbowandpullingthesuspect’sheadtowardhimtomaintaincontrolfromtheside.Hethenappliedanunderhook—ajiu-jitsumovewherethehandsareplacedundertheopponent’sarmtocontroltheshoulderandupperbody—andtuggeduntil,afterafewseconds,thesuspect’sshouldergaveout.Theofficerclickedonthehandcuffsandthethreatwasover.Gonzaleshadaskedhiswifetorecordeverythingtoprotecthimjustincaseanythingwascalledintoquestion.ButOrtizpostedthevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56millionviews.AmongthoseawedbythevideowasBrazilianjiu-jitsuinstructorRenerGracie,afourth-degreeblackbelt,whostated:“ThecombinationofGonzales’stechniqueandhiscalmcommunicationwithboththeofficerandsuspectisthestuffoflegends!”24.WhydidGonzalesstophiscar?A.Toprotecthisfamily. B.Toupholdjustice.C.Toshowhiscourage. D.Toperformjiu-jitsu.25.WhatdidGonzalesdofirstwhenhecametotheofficer?A.Hejoinedinthetwo-on-onefight. B.Hepersuadedthesuspecttogivein.C.Hewarnedthepolicemanofdanger. D.Hedeclaredhisidentityandintention.26.WhydidGonzalesaskOrtiztoshootthevideo?A.Torecordhisheroicdeeds. B.Toavoidgettingintrouble.C.ToattractviewsonFacebook. D.Toexposethesuspect’sbehavior.27.What’sthebesttitleofthearticle?A.Jiu-jitsuMakesALegend B.AVictoryOfTwo-on-oneC.LendingAWell-TrainedHand D.JusticeHasLongArms〖答案〗24.B25.D26.B27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了MarkAnthonyGonzales在开车途中遇到警察追捕犯人，运用学过的巴西柔术帮助警察制服嫌疑人的故事。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenMarkAnthonyGonzalessawapoliceofficerinneedofassistance,everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu(巴西柔术)training—morality,courage,benevolence(仁爱)—toldhimtostophiscarandlendahand,eventhoughhiswife,RachelOrtiz,andhisfourkidswereinthecar.(当MarkAnthonyGonzales看到一名需要帮助的警察时，他通过巴西柔术训练而得到的道德准则——道德、勇气、仁爱——的每一个要素都告诉他停下车，伸出援手，尽管他的妻子RachelOrtiz和四个孩子在车里。)”以及第二段“ButGonzalesquicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituationwiththesuspectstrugglingfiercely.(但Gonzales很快意识到，警察无法控制局势，嫌疑人正在激烈挣扎。)”可知，Gonzales停下车是为了帮助警察抓捕嫌疑人，维护正义。故选B。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThefirstthingGonzalesdidwasidentifyhimselfandspellouthisintentiontomakeittwo-on-oneintheofficer’sfavorandnottheotherwayaround.(Gonzales做的第一件事就是表明了自己的身份，并阐明了他的意图，表明二对一是对警察有利，而不是相反。)”可知，当Gonzales来到警官面前时，他首先宣布了自己的身份和意图。故选D。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Gonzaleshadaskedhiswifetorecordeverythingtoprotecthimjustincaseanythingwascalledintoquestion.ButOrtizpostedthevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56millionviews.(Gonzales要求他的妻子把一切都记录下来，以保护他以防引起任何怀疑。但Ortiz在脸书上发布了这段视频，吸引了超过5600万的观看量。)”可知，Gonzales让他的妻子Ortiz拍摄这段视频，是为了保护自己以免惹上麻烦。故选B。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WhenMarkAnthonyGonzalessawapoliceofficerinneedofassistance,everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu(巴西柔术)training—morality,courage,benevolence(仁爱)—toldhimtostophiscarandlendahand,eventhoughhiswife,RachelOrtiz,andhisfourkidswereinthecar.(当MarkAnthonyGonzales看到一名需要帮助的警察时，他通过巴西柔术训练而得到的道德准则——道德、勇气、仁爱——的每一个要素都告诉他停下车，伸出援手，尽管他的妻子RachelOrtiz和四个孩子在车里。)”以及下文的详细叙述可知，本文主要讲述学习过巴西柔术的MarkAnthonyGonzales在开车途中遇到警察追捕犯人，运用学过的巴西柔术中的招式帮助警察制服嫌疑人的故事。由此可知，C选项“LendingAWell-TrainedHand(伸出训练有素的援助之手)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。CFallingbirthratesareamajorconcernforsomeofAsia’sbiggesteconomies.Governmentsintheregionarespendinghundredsofbillionsofdollarstryingtoreversethetrend.Willitwork?Japanbeganintroducingpoliciestoencouragecouplestohavemorechildreninthe1990s.SouthKoreastarteddoingthesameinthe2000s,whileSingapore’sfirstfertility(生育)policydatesbackto1987.China,whichhasseenitspopulationfallforthefirsttimein60years,recentlyjoinedthegrowingclub.Whileitisdifficulttoquantifyexactlyhowmuchthesepolicieshavecost,SouthKoreanPresidentYoonSuk-yeolrecentlysaidhiscountryhadspentmorethan$200bn(£160bn)overthepast16yearsontryingtoboostthepopulation.YetlastyearSouthKoreabrokeitsownrecordfortheworld’slowestfertilityrate,withtheaveragenumberofbabiesexpectedperwomanfallingto0.78.InneighbouringJapan,whichhadrecordlowbirthsoffewerthan800,000lastyear,PrimeMinisterFumioKishidahaspromisedtodoublethebudgetforchild-relatedpoliciesfrom10tnyen($74.7bn;£59.2bn).Havingabiggerpopulationwhocanworkandproducemoregoodsandservicesleadstohighereconomicgrowth.Andwhilealargerpopulationcanmeanhighercostsforgovernments,itcanalsoresultinbiggertaxrevenues(税收).Also,manyAsiancountriesareageingrapidly.Japanleadsthepackwithnearly30%ofitspopulationnowovertheageof65andsomeothernationsintheregionarenotfarbehind.ComparethatwithIndia,whichhasjustovertakenChinaastheworld’smostpopulousnation.Morethanaquarterofitspeoplearebetweentheageof10and20,whichgivesitseconomyhugepotentialforgrowth.Andwhentheshareoftheworkingagepopulationgetssmaller,thecostandburdenoflookingafterthenon-workingpopulationgrow.“Negativepopulationgrowthhasanimpactontheeconomy,andtogetherwithanageingpopulation,theywon’tbeabletoaffordtosupporttheelderly,”saidXiujianPengofVictoriaUniversity.28.WhichAsiancountryfirsttookmeasurestoincreasepopulationinthispassage?A.Japan. B.SouthKorea. C.Singapore. D.China.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepopulationofAsiancountriesfromthepassage?A.Japanhitthelowestrecordofnew-bornbabieslastyear.B.Indiahasthelargestandyoungestpopulationintheworld.C.China’spopulationhasbeendecreasingintherecent60years.D.SouthKoreahadthelowestpopulationrecordlastyearintheworld.30.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.TheeconomyofIndiawillovertakethatofJapan.B.Negativepopulationgrowthleadstoanageingpopulation.C.Thelargerthepopulationis,thebettertheeconomywillbe.D.Abiggershareofworkingagepopulationhelpssupporttheelderly.31.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Lowbirthrateisanegativefactorforeconomy.B.Chinaisjoiningthecountriesoflowbirthrate.C.ManyAsiancountriescametonegativepopulationgrowth.D.ManyAsiancountriesaretryingallouttobattlelowbirthrate.〖答案〗28.C29.A30.D31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了亚洲出生率下降这一现象，许多亚洲国家正采取措施竭尽全力与低出生率作斗争。【28题详析】细节理解题。由第二段“Japanbeganintroducingpoliciestoencouragecouplestohavemorechildreninthe1990s.SouthKoreastarteddoingthesameinthe2000s,whileSingapore’sfirstfertility(生育)policydatesbackto1987.China,whichhasseenitspopulationfallforthefirsttimein60years,recentlyjoinedthegrowingclub.(20世纪90年代，日本开始出台鼓励夫妇多生孩子的政策。韩国在21世纪初就开始这样做，而新加坡的第一个生育政策可以追溯到1987年。中国60年来首次出现人口下降，最近加入了这个不断增长的俱乐部)”可知，新加坡早在1987年首先采取了增加人口的措施。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。由第三段中“InneighbouringJapan,whichhadrecordlowbirthsoffewerthan800,000lastyear,PrimeMinisterFumioKishidahaspromisedtodoublethebudgetforchild-relatedpoliciesfrom10tnyen($74.7bn;£59.2bn).(在邻国日本，去年出生率创下历史新低，不到80万，首相岸田文雄承诺将儿童相关政策的预算从10万亿日元（747亿美元；592亿英镑）增加一倍)”可知，日本去年创下新生儿出生率的最低纪录。故选A项。【30题详析】推理判断题。由第四段中“Andwhentheshareoftheworkingagepopulationgetssmaller,thecostandburdenoflookingafterthenon-workingpopulationgrow.“Negativepopulationgrowthhasanimpactontheeconomy,andtogetherwithanageingpopulation,theywon’tbeabletoaffordtosupporttheelderly,”saidXiujianPengofVictoriaUniversity.(当劳动年龄人口的比例越来越小时，照顾非劳动人口的成本和负担就会增加。维多利亚大学的彭秀建说：“人口负增长会对经济产生影响，再加上人口老龄化，他们将无法负担赡养老人的费用。”)”可知，能工作的人口比例小，说明不能工作的人口比例大，加上老龄化，小比例的能工作的人口无法负担赡养不断增长的老人的费用，可得出更大比例的劳动年龄人口有助于赡养老年人。故选D项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。由第一段中“FallingbirthratesareamajorconcernforsomeofAsia’sbiggesteconomies.Governmentsintheregionarespendinghundredsofbillionsofdollarstryingtoreversethetrend.(出生率下降是亚洲一些最大经济体的主要担忧。该地区的政府正花费数千亿美元试图扭转这一趋势)”和全文可知，文章讲述了亚洲出生率下降这一现象，许多亚洲国家正采取措施竭尽全力与低出生率作斗争，D项“许多亚洲国家正竭尽全力与低出生率作斗争”是文章大意。故选D项。DThatartificialfooddyes(染料)areunhealthyisnotnews.Someareknowntocausehyperactivity(多动症)insomechildren,affectingtheirabilitytolearn.Butregulatoryagenciesaroundtheworlddon’tnecessarilyagreeonwhichfooddyesareaproblem,orwhy.Thatmaysoonchange.An2021peer-reviewedreportbyCalifornia’sOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessmentconcludedthatartificialfooddyes“causeorworsenneurobehavioralproblemsinsomechildren”andthatthecurrentlevelsregardedsafeforconsumptionbythefederalgovernmentaretoohigh.Californiaisnowconsideringrequiringwarninglabelsonfoodproductsanddietarysupplementscontainingthesevenmostcommonlyusedartificialdyes.ThewarninglabelrequirementwouldputCaliforniaonparwiththeEuropeanUnion,whichsince2010hasrequiredfoodproductscontainingcertainartificialfooddyestocarrywarninglabelsabouttheirnegativeeffectonactivityandattentioninchildren.Artificialdyesareusedinfoodsforonereason:tomakeproductslookprettier.Brightcolorsmakecandiesappealing,especiallytokids.Butdyesarealsoinchocolatecakemixes,saladressingsandotherproductsthatdon’tseemtocryoutforacolorboost.InEurope,itwasthe2010labellawmakingthattriggeredcompanies’decisionstoreformulate.“Ifyou’reacompany,youdonotwanttoputawarninglabelonyourproduct,”saysLefferts,anenvironmentalhealthconsultant.WarninglabelsarewhyEuropeanStarburstFruitChewsarenowcoloredwithnaturalproducts,nottheartificialdyesthatbrightentheirNorthAmericancounterparts(同类商品).Giventhatartificialfooddyesareexcessivelyused,weneedtobemorecautious.Afterall,wedon’tdyefreshfruitsandvegetables,butwedodyecandyandsprinkles,pointsoutJoeSchwarcz,achemistryprofessoratMcGillUniversityinMontreal.“Thefoodsinwhichyoufindfooddyesarefoodsthatarepoorinnutrition,”hesays.“Ifyoulimitfoodsthatcontainfooddyes,youautomaticallymakeyourdietbetter.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutartificialfooddyesfromparagraph1?A.A2021reportconfirmedtheirnegativeeffects.B.Thefactthattheyareharmfulisnewlyrevealed.C.Regulatoryagenciesconsiderthemaseriousproblem.D.TheFederalgovernmentthinkstheircurrentstandardtoohigh.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“onparwith”inparagraph2mean?A.Inoppositionto. B.Aheadof. C.Inlinewith. D.Behind.34.Whichmightbeapossibleresultofthenewruleaccordingtothearticle?A.Foodcompanieswillstopcoloringtheirproducts.B.Morefreshfruitsandvegetableswillappearinthemarket.C.Foodcompaniesmayreplaceartificialdyeswithnaturalproducts.D.Itwillbehardtofindpackagedfoodswithoutwarninglabelsofdyes.35.What’sJoeSchwarcz’sattitudetowardsartificialfooddyes?A.Approving. B.Concerned. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.〖答案〗32.A33.C34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了含有人工食用色素的食品对身体的一些危害。继欧洲要求含有人工色素食品要贴上警告标签后，加州也要和欧盟保持一致。这一举措将提升人们的健康意识，也让食品公司对使用色素做出相应的调整。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“An2021peer-reviewedreportbyCalifornia’sOfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessmentconcludedthatartificialfooddyes“causeorworsenneurobehavioralproblemsinsomechildren”andthatthecurrentlevelsregardedsafeforconsumptionbythefederalgovernmentaretoohigh.”（加州环境健康危害评估办公室(OfficeofEnvironmentalHealthHazardAssessment)2021年的一份同行评议报告得出结论，人工食用色素“会导致或加剧一些儿童的神经行为问题”，目前联邦政府认为，被视为安全的食用色素水平太高了。）可知，从第一段中可推断出，2021年的这份报告确认人工食用色素有危害作用。故选A项。【33题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“ThewarninglabelrequirementwouldputCaliforniaonparwiththeEuropeanUnion,whichsince2010hasrequiredfoodproductscontainingcertainartificialfooddyestocarrywarninglabelsabouttheirnegativeeffectonactivityandattentioninchildren.”（警告标签的要求将使加州与欧盟________，欧盟自2010年以来就要求含有某些人工食用色素的食品贴上警告标签，说明它们对儿童活动和注意力的负面影响。）可知，欧盟早在2010年已经要求食品要贴上警告标签，可猜测加州也要和欧盟保持一致，所以猜测onparwith意为“保持一致”。A.Inoppositionto.反对；B.Aheadof.先于；C.Inlinewith.与…一致；D.Behind.落后。故选C项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Ifyou’reacompany,youdonotwanttoputawarninglabelonyourproduct,”saysLefferts,anenvironmentalhealthconsultant.WarninglabelsarewhyEuropeanStarburstFruitChewsarenowcoloredwithnaturalproducts,nottheartificialdyesthatbrightentheirNorthAmericancounterparts.”（“如果你是一家公司，你不想在你的产品上贴上警告标签，”环境健康顾问莱弗茨（Lefferts）说。警告标签就是为什么欧洲的星爆果咀嚼片（EuropeanStarburstFruitChews）现在用天然产品着色，而北美的同类商品却用的是人造染料着色。）以及倒数第一段中“Giventhatartificialfooddyesareexcessivelyused,weneedtobemorecautious.”（鉴于人工食用色素被过度使用，我们需要更加谨慎。）可推断出，人们在购买食品时，会对贴有人工色素警告标签的食品更加警惕，所以食品加工公司为了公司的长久发展，可能会使用天然色素来代替人工色素。故选C项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Giventhatartificialfooddyesareexcessivelyused,weneedtobemorecautious.Afterall,wedon’tdyefreshfruitsandvegetables,butwedodyecandyandsprinkles,pointsoutJoeSchwarcz,achemistryprofessoratMcGillUniversityinMontreal.“Thefoodsinwhichyoufindfooddyesarefoodsthatarepoorinnutrition,”hesays.“Ifyoulimitfoodsthatcontainfooddyes,youautomaticallymakeyourdietbetter.””（鉴于人造食用染料被过度使用，我们需要更加谨慎。蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的化学教授乔·施瓦茨指出，毕竟，我们不给新鲜的水果和蔬菜染色，但我们会给糖果和糖霜染色。他说：“你能发现食物染料的食物都是营养不良的食物。”。“如果你限制含有食物染料的食物，你的饮食会自动变得更好。”）可推断出，化学教授乔·施瓦兹（JoeSchwarcz）对含有人工色素的食物持担心的态度。A.Approving.支持的；B.Concerned.担心的；C.Neutral.中立的；D.Indifferent.漠不关心的。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eachfall,thefluemergesasaterribleforce.___36___InfluenzavirusescausemillionsofillnessesandthousandsofdeathsintheUnitedStateseachyear.Soit’snecessarytoknowmoreaboutthefluviruses.What’sthedifferencebetweenTypeAandTypeB?InfluenzaAvirusescomeinmanyvarieties.Foursubtypescommonlyaffecthumans.ButmanymoreinfluenzaAviruseshavebeenidentifiedinanimals,whichmakesitapotentialsourceofpandemicswheneveranewtypeofinfluenzaAjumpstohumans.___37___Theyaredividedintojusttwolineages(谱系)thatcauseseasonaloutbreaks.Whataresymptomsofaninfluenzainfection?Ifyoudogetsickwiththeflu,you’llhavecommonsymptomslikefever,muscleachesandrespir