人教版中考英语二轮专题复习之宾语从句及相关练习课件

句子成分名词解释5.表语：紧跟系动词后面的成分。6.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。7.状语：修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。8.补语：分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动/被动的逻辑关系。

如：Youshouldkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.

你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。

（You是主语，shouldkeep是谓语，theroom是宾语，cleanandtidy是宾补）

Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.

这种食物吃起来很可口。

（Thiskindoffood是主语，tastes是系动词，delicious是表语。）什么是宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。Ilike

myteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoy

playingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecide

tostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknow

him.（代词作宾语）

我们知道

姚明We

know

YaoMing．

我们知道

他是一个著名的篮球运动员We

know宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。什么是宾语从句？宾宾主谓he

is

afamousbasketballplayer主系表that连接词谓主一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.

宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句二、宾语从句三大考点连接词时态语序考点一：引导词thatif/whetherwhat,which,who,whose,where,when等特殊疑问词

引导词陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。Hesaid(that)

hewantedtostayathome.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.

陈述句做宾语一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接Iask

Doeshewanttogoswim?hewantstogoswimif/whetherIask特殊疑问句做宾语我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Whichtiedoyoulikebest?特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身IwonderIwonder

ATTENTIONwhichtieyoulikebest.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.注意：在由疑问词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation？that如果宾语从句是陈述句,常用that引导,that本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音机说明天要下雨。if,whether如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来,用if或whether引导,在句中意为“是否”Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。who,whose,which,when,where,why,how如果宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来,应用连接代词或连接副词引导Couldyoutellmewhathesaidtoyou?你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗?考点一引导词1、陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.2、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.考点二：陈述句语序1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。Ihear(that)Jim

(be)aworkertwoyearsago.

Jim(have)apicnictomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim

(be)totheGreatWalltwice.

waswillhaveissinginghasbeen考点三：时态Hesaid(that)

he

(go)toXi’antomorrow.

he

(be)illyesterday.

he

(read)abookatthattime.

he

(have)supperalready.

wouldgowas

wasreadinghadhad2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态。Hesaid(that)

theearth

(go)aroundthesun.

thesun

(rise)intheeast.

doingexercise

(be)goodforourhealth.

goes

rises

is

3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时。三、宾语从句注意事项(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?(二)只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidn’tthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrain.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择

时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingor

tidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.（三）、否定转移主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。IthinkheisnotgoingshoppingIdon’tthinkheisgoingshopping四、人称的变化和标点的使用1、人称的变化口诀：“一主，二宾，三不变”。“一主”是指从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；“二宾”是指如果宾语从句的主语是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；“三不变”是指从句主语是第三人称，不用变化。Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogowithme."→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?"→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.MrSmithsaid."Jackisagoodworker."→MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Whowillgiveusatalk？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow？Wheredoeshelive？→Doyouknowwherehelives？宾语从句三要素引导词that（陈述句

）if／whether（一般疑问句

）

特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变Summary１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB巩固练习：I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

CC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledACA8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingCIaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.

Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey______________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey___________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey____