科技英语翻译教程

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CHAPTERTHREE

1.Theinflammationischaracterizedbyred,swelling,fever,andpain.[E.44]

2.materialbalanceisbasedonthelawofconservationofmatter.[E.45]

A

3.Coatingthicknessrangesfrom0.1mmto2mm.[E.46]

4.Thenewmedicinewillexpirein2years.[E.47]

5.Gasesdifferfromsolidsinthattheformerhavegreatercompressibilitythanthe

latter.[E.48]

6.Themoleculescontinuetostayclosetogether,butdonotcontinuetoretainaregular

fixedarrangement.[E.49]

7.Theseproductstendtoreactwithsoapanddetergentsandproducesoap

scum.[E.50]

8.Withthissoftwaresoavailablethereseemslittleneedforanalyststodeveloptheir

ownprograms.[E.51]

9.Todesignistoformulateaplanforthesatisfactionofahumanneed.[E.52]

10.China'ssuccessfulexplosionofitsfirstatombombcausedtremendousrepercussion

throughouttheworld.[E.53]

11.Theconstructionofascientifictheorymaybecomparedtothepreparationofa

weathermapatacentralmeteorologicalstation.[E.54]

12.Inasimilarway,inthetheoryoflight,weusetermslike"waves"and"particles"

forthedescriptionanddiscussionoftheresultsofexperiments.[E.55]

13.Oneofourwaysforgettingheatisbyburningfuels.[E.56]

14.Anunderstandingofthelawsoffrictionisimportantinthedesigningofmodern

machines.[E.57]

15.Heatingwaterdoesnotchangeitschemicalcomposition.[E.58]

16.Thisexperimentisanabsolutenecessityindeterminingthebestprocessing

route.[E.60]

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17.Iamastrangertotheoperationofelectroniccomputer.[E.61]

18.Hisexperimentwasasuccess.[E.62]

19.Ifoundalotofdifficultiestocontinuetheexperiment.[E.63]

20.Wheneveronebodytouchesanother,heatalwayspassesbyconductionfromthe

warmertothecolder.[E.68]

21.Thisworkpieceisnotmoreelasticthanthatone.[E.69]

22.Infissionprocessesthefissionfragmentsareveryradioactive.[E.70]

23.Glassismuchmoresolublethanquartz.[E.71]

24.Thismetalislesshardthanthatone.[E.72]

25.Thewideapplicationofelectroniccomputersaffectstremendouslythedevelopment

ofscienceandtechnology.[E.81]

26.Earthquakesarecloselyrelatedtofaulting.[E.82]

27.Theelectroniccomputerischieflycharacterizedbyaccuracyandquick

computation.[E.83]

28.Gasolineisappreciablyvolatile.[E.84]

29.Itisdemonstratedthatdustisextremelyhazardous.[E.85]

30.Thepowerplantsuppliestheinhabitantssixtyliaboutwithelectricity.[E.86]

31.Thebuildingsaroundaremostlyofmodemconstruction.[E.87]

32.Theattractiveforcebetweenthemoleculesisnegligiblysmall.[E,88]

33.Allstructuralmaterialsbehaveplasticallyabovetheirelasticrange.[E.89]

34.Thesepartsmustbeproportionallycorrect.[E.90]

35.Chlorineisveryactivechemically.[E.91]

36.Openthevalvetoletairin.[E.92]

37.Theirexperimenthasbeenover.[E.93]

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38.Inthiscasethetemperatureinthefurnaceisup.[E.94]

39.Thefrequency,wavelength,andspeedofsoundarecloselyrelated.[E.106]

40.Theadvantagesoftherecentlydevelopedcompositematerialsareenergysaving,

performanceefficient,corrosionresistant,longservicetime,andwithout

environmentalpollution.[E.107]

41.Radiant,electricalandchemicalenergiescanallbeturnedintoheat.[E.108]

42.Thetemperatureneededforthisprocessingislowerthanthatneededtomeltthe

metal.[E.109]

43.Oxidationwillmakemetalsrusty.[E.110]

44.Inrapidoxidationaflameisproduced.[E.Ill

]

45.Theseprincipleswillbe川ustratedbythefollowingtransition.[E.112]

46.Thebestconductorhastheleastresistanceandthepooresthasthegreatest[E.113]

47.Forcescanbeclassifiedasinternalandexternal.[E.114]

48.EconomicglobalizationhaswidenedthegapbetweentheNorthandtheSouthand

betweentherichandthepoor.[E.115]

49.Mattercanbechangedintoenergy,andenergyintomatter.[E.116]

50.Thegenerationplant,transmissionlines,andprimarysubstationsareshownabove

thedashedline;theloadanddistributionbelowtheline.[E.117]

51.Sciencedemandsmenofgreateffortandcompletedevotion.[E.118]

52.Thenewproductswillsoonbeputintouse.[E.119]

53.Therearethreelargerinjectionmachinesintheworkshop.[E.120]

54.Notethatthewords"velocity"and"speed"requireexplanation.[E.121]

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55.dataprocessorcanissueaddressandfunctioncodes.[E.122]

A

56.Airisamixtureofgases.[E.123]

57.Forreasonsthealternatingcurrentismorewidelyusedthanthedirectcurrent.[E.124]

58.Theseearlycarswereslow,clumsy,andinefficient.[E.13O]

59.Scienceandtechnologyaredevelopingrapidly.[E.131]

60.newkindofcomputer——small,cheap,fine——isattractingincreasing

attention.[E.132]

A

61.Inflationhasnowreachedaseriouslevel.[E.133]

62.Itmusthavebeensurprisingtoseealittlegirlworkingatahightable,surrounded

bymapsandalakindsofinstruments.[E.134]

63.Heatfromthesunstirsuptheatmosphere,generatingwinds.[E.135]

64.Ingeneral,allthemetalsaregoodconductors,withsilverthebestandcopperthe

second.[E.136]

65.Inadditiontothespeedoferection,thesetypesusuallyhaveother

advantages.[E.137]

66.Thelevelofaliquidrisesasitstemperatureisincreasedandfallswithadecreasein

temperature.[E.198]

67.Thepropertiesofalloysaremuchbetterthanthoseofpuremetals.[E.199]

68.Wemustchecktheconclusioninpractice,andshouldnotblindlyrelyonsuchaswas

reachedmerelybycalculations.[E.200]

69.Naturalwateristhatwhichcontainsimpurities.[E.2Ol]

70.Othersubstances,apartfromorganicones,burninairoroxygen.[E.202]

71.Anelectriclightbulbisavacuum,andsoisaradiotube.[E.2O3]

72.transverselystressedfilletweldcansustainhigherloadsthanonestressed

longitudinally.[E.204]

A

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73.Ittakesmorepowertodoajobintwominutesthanitdoestodothesamejobintwo

hours.[E.205]

74.Wetriedinvaintomeasurethevoltage.[E.224]

75.Hardenedsteelistoohardandtoobrittleformanytools.[E.225]

76.Idealmachineswhichwouldhaveanefficiencyof100%shouldbefreeof

friction.[E.226]

77.Theneedformorepotassiumcompoundsthancouldbeobtainedfromplantsled

mentosearchforothersourceoftheseimportantcompounds.[E.227]

78.Intheabsenceofforce,abodywilleitherremainatrestorcontinuetomovewith

constantspeedinastraightline.[E.228]

79.Thestructurewillproveweakinservice.[E.229]

80.Theprecisioninstrumentmustbekeptfreefromdust.[E.23O]

81.TheTheoryofRelativityworkedoutbyEinsteinisabovemany

people'scomprehension.[E.231]

82.Bettertodowellthantosaywell.[E.233]

83.Thecommongemmaterialstendtobelessductileandweaker.[E.234]

84.Asrubberelectricityfrompassingthroughit,itisusedasinsulatingmaterial.[E.235]

85.Thereare.manyotherenergysourcesinstore.[E.236]

86.Inthehighaltitudesnowandiceremainallyear.[E.237]

87.Itwassuggestedthatsuchdevicesshouldbedesignedandproducedwithout

delay.[E.238]

88.Sodiumisneverfounduncombinedinnature.[E.239]

89.InthiscasewecannotbutdetermineKfirst.[E.24O]

90.It'snoteastotalkaboutDollyinaworldthatdoesn'tshareauniformsetofethical

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Values.[E.241]

91.Suchflightcouldn'tlongescapenotice.[E.242]

92.Crystalsdonotmeltuntilheatedtoadefinitetemperature.[E.243]

93.Laseristhemostpowerfuldrillingmachine,becausethereisnothingonearth

whichcannotbedrilledbyit.[E.244]

94.Bothoftheinstrumentsarenotprecisionones.[E,270]

95.Bothofthesubstancesarenotmadeupofcarbons.[E.271]

96.Wearenotfamiliarwithbothoftheinstruments.[E.272]

97.Positiveionsarenotallalikeandmaydifferinchargeorweight.[E.273]

98.Anenginemaynotallwaysdoworkatitsratedhorse-power.[E.274]

99.Noteveryonecanbeamathematician,butinordertounderstandourmodernworld,

itisnecessarytoknowsomethingaboutmathematics.[E.275]

lOO.Digitaloscilloscopescannotbeoftenusedinourexperiments.[E.276]

101.AIImetalsdonotconductelectricityequallywell.[E.277]

102.AIIthesevariouslosses,greatastheyare,donotinanywaycontradictthelawof

conservationofenergy.[E.278]

103.AIIthechemicalenergyofthefuelisnotconvertedintoheat.[E.279]

104.Allisotopescannotbemanufacturedinthisway.[E.28O]

105.Mercury,sosmallandclosetothesunthatitsgaseswerequicklylosttospace,is

nearlyairless.[E.282]

106.Thespeedoftheman-madesatellitehardlychangesatalL[E.283]

107.Rarelydometalsoccurinnatureinapureformbythemselves.[E.284]

108.TheUShaswell-developedandsuccessfuloffensivecommandandcontrol

warfare(C2W),electronicwarfare(EW),andotherinformation(lW)capacities,but

thesecanhardlybecharacterizedas"strategic".[E.285]

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109.Barelyanyofourpresentbatterieswouldbesatisfactoryenoughtodrivethe

electrictrainfastandatareasonablecost[E.286]

110.Scarcelyeverdoesthecommonoystercontainavaluablepearl.[E.287]

111Workerscanviolatethesafetyrulesonnoconditions.[E.316]

112.Weshallconsenttothedesigningplanundernocircumstances.[E.317]

113.HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.[E.318]

114.Theenginedidnotstopbecausethefuelwasfinished.[E.319]

115.Thiselectricmotordoesnotworkproperly.[E.320]

116.Ifironiskeptinair-freedistilledwater,itsrustingisnotsofast.[E.321]

CHAPTERFIVE

117.Beingnocausetochangethemotion,abodycanmoveuniformlyandinastraight

line.[E.10]

118.Usingatransformer,poweratlowvoltagecanbetransformedintopowerathigh

voltage.[E.ll]

119.Solving(8),wehavethefollowingequation.[E.12]

12O.Wheniodinecrystalsareheatedto114℃,theymelt,formingliquidiodine.[E.16]

121.Thepropellerofanairplaneforcesairbackward,developingthrust.[E.17]

122.Thebaseandacidneutralizeeachother,forminganewsubstance.[E.18]

123.Electroniccomputerhavingmanyadvantagescannotcarryoutcreativeworkand

replaceman.[E.19]

124.Nothavingbeendiscovered,manylawsofnatureactuallyexistinnature.[E.2O]

125.Thetypicalproblemofcircuitandnetworktheoryistodeterminethecurrentscaused

bytheapplicationofagivenvoltagetogivencircuitornetwork.[E.33]

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126.Theprincipleandmethodtakenintheexperimentgiveusgoodmessage

enlightenment.[E.34]

127.Themajoradvantagesofthetransistorasusedinelectroniccircuitsarelightweight

smallspace,lowpowerconsumption.[E35]

128.Radiocontinuestofindwiderapplicationinscience.[E.65]

129.Anelectriccurrentbeginstoflowthroughacoil,whichisconnectedacrossacharged

condenser.[E.66]

130.Amachineisjustamechanicaldevicewhichmakesitpossibletodoworkmore

convenientlybychangingtheappliedforceindirectionsorinmagnitudeor

both.[E.67]

131.ThebasicactionofanSCRistoswitchpoweronveryrapidly.[E.68]

132.Thefunctionofafuseistoprotectacircuit.[E.69]

133.Arcweldingistomakemetalstogetherbymeansofanelectriccurrent.[E.7O]

134.Thetwocontactsatthebaseofthelamparetocant'currentfromthelamp

holder.[E.71]

135.LossofcontrolismostHkelytooccuroninductiveloads.[E.86]

136.Theseareliabletooccurthroughhammeringorworkingthemetal,orthroughrapid

cooling.[E.87]

137.Uptonow,copperalloys,accordingtoCDA,havebeenmoreexpensivetopressure

diecastthanaluminumandzinc,anda25%reductioninthecostofpressuredie

castingofcopperalloysisexpectedwiththenewtechnique.[E,88]

138.Circuitbreakersarenecessarytodeenergizeequipmenteitherfornormaloperation

orontheoccurrenceofshortcircuits.[E.89]

139.Weconsiderheattobeaformofenergy.[E.9O]

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140.Conductorsallowelectricitytopassthroughmoreorlessfreely.[E.91]

141.ltistobeemphasizedthatasourceofelectricitycurrentissimplyadevicefor

causingelectricitytomovearoundacircuit.[E.92]

142.Electricitymakesamotorrun.[E.93]

143.LetFrepresentforce.[E.94]

144.Heatisconsideredtobeaformofenergy.[E.95]

145.Thethermaldecompositionofammoniumcarbamatecanbemadetooccurbythe

followingmethods.[E.96]

146.Insulatorsareusedtoconfineacurrenttothedesiredpath.[E,97]

147.Thefactthatsomebodiesfloatonwaterandotherliquidsshowsalsothatthere

existsaforceactingagainstthelowersurfacessufficienttocounteracttheir

weight.[E.113]

148.Someoftheofthechargeproducesthesoundandlightwhichenableustohearand

seethespark.[E.116]

149.Thepurposeistotransmitonlyachrominancesignalforcolorandaluminancesignal

thatcontainsthemonochromeinformation.[E.117]

15O.Thephysicaldimensionoftheantennadeterminestheamountofinductanceand

capacityexistinginthecircuitandconsequentlytheresonantfrequencyofthe

antennasystem.[E.118]

151.However,boththetheoryandthegenerationofFMareagooddealmorecomplex

tothinkaboutandvisualizethanthoseofAM.[E.119]

152.Thedevelopmentgreatlyextendstherangeofapplicationsandthereliabilityofthe

jet-typefilterwhileretainingitsotheradvantages.[E.12O]

CHAPTERSIX

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153.Daylightcomesfromthesun,whichisamassofhot,glowinggas.[E.129]

154.Theconceptofenergyleadstotheprincipleoftheconservationofenergy,which

unifiesawiderangeofphenomenainthephysicalscience.[E.130]

155.Anotherkindofrectifierconsistsofalargepear-shapedglassbulbfromwhichallthe

airhasbeenremoved.[E.131]

156.Ifyoudealwiththeyoungeragegroup,thenyouwillseealotoftheacuteinfections

suchasherpesandtrenchmouth,whichisduetobacteriaandcausesopensores

betweentheteeth.[E.132]

157.Thesewaves,whicharecommonlycalledradiowaves,travelwiththevelocityof

Light.[E.133]

158.ISDNisthenamegiventoanetworkthatisabletotransmitandswitchawide

varietyoftelecommunicationservices.[E.134]

159.Sulfurmeltsatatemperatureof112.8℃,whereitchangestoyellowliquid.[E.135]

160.ThelastbigAlaskanearthquakecreatedatsunami,whichcouldbefelt1,500miles

away.[E.136]

161.Theelectricityischangedintotheradio-frequencypowerwhichisthensentoutin

formofradiowaves.[E.137]

162.Therearesomematerialswhichpossessthepowertoconductheat.[E.138]

163.1naconductortherearealargenumberofelectronsthanmovefreelyfromatomto

atom.[E.139]

164.OSHAhasqualifiedthenoiselevelinindustrywhichhasbecomeamajorconcernfor

manydigitalcontrolsmanufacturers.[E.140]

165.Thefactoryproducedmachinetoolstowhichprecisioninstrumentswere

attached.[E.141]

166.Goodclockshavependulums,whichareautomaticallycompensatedfortemperature

changes.[E.142]

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167.Gases,themoleculesofwhicharewidelyseparatedfromoneanother,havegreat

compressibilitythanliquids.[E.143]

168.Animproveddesignofsuchalargetowermustbeachievedwhichresultsinmore

uniformedtemperaturedistributioninit.[E.155]

169.Abodythatcontainsonlyatomswiththesamegeneralpropertiesiscalledan

element.[E.156]

170.Suchliquidfuelrocketsasarenowbeingusedforspaceresearchhavetocarrytheir

ownsupplyofoxygen.[E.157]

171.Suchpropellersaswehaverecentlydesignedforsmallshipsareactuallymodeled

onfishtails.[E.158]

172.ManyinventorsfollowedthesameprinciplesasthatFrenchinventorhadusedinhis

Invention.[E.159]

173.Acolortransmissioncontainsthesameinformationasablackandwhite

transmission.[E.160]

174.Weretherenotransformerstoadjustthevoltage,long-distancetransmissionof

electricitywouldbeimpossible.[E.184]

175.Shouldtherebeurgentsituations,pressthisredbuttontoswitchoffthe

electricity.[E.185]

176.Thetemperatureatthesun'scenterisashighas10,000,0000C.[E.186]

177.Theouterportionofthewheelmaytravelasfastas600milesperhour.[E.187]

178.Theoxygenatomisnearly16timesheavierthanthehydrogenatom.[E.188]

179.Mercuryweighsmorethanwaterbyabout14times.[E.189]

180.Solarcellsareasdifferentfromsocalledsolarheatingpanelsassolidstatephysics

isfromplumbing.[E.190]

181.1nsuchoccasionswewouldratherincreasethefrictionofthesurfacethandecease

it.[E.191]

182.Theloadswhichastructureissubjectedtoaredividedintodeadloads,which

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includetheweightsofpartsofthestructure,andliveloads.Whichareduetothe

weightsofpeople,movableequipment,etc.[E.245]

183.Theresistanceofanylengthofaconductingwireiseasilymeasuredbyfindingthe

potentialdifferenceinvoltsbetweenitsendswhenaknowncurrentis

following.[E.246]

184.Fuelcellsaredevicesthatwhenafuelsuchashydrogenorhydrogen-rich

compoundsandoxygenissuppliedtomaterialsarrangedliketheanodeandcathode

ofaconventionalbattery,combinetoconvertchemicalenergydirectlyintoelectrical

energy.[E.247]

185.Withthesamenumberofprotons,allnucleiofagivenelementmayhavedifferent

numbersofneutrons.[E.248]

186.Theunitofelectricalenergyiscalledthejoule,whichisequivalentto10exp(7)

ergs.[E.249]

187.Thediscoverythatelectricalcurrentscanbeproducedbymagnetismisextremely

importantinthefieldofelectricity.[E.25O]

188.Groundingeverycircuit,however,makesthesystemsusceptibletoexcessive

currentsshouldashortcircuitdevelopbetweenaliveconductorand