Unit2Understandingeachother长难句分析课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit1Reading1Theevolutionofvideoandsounddevices高中英语选择性必修（第四册）B7Unit2UnderstandingeachotherForthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)1(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe2(six)century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,3RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.

Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,4alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,5(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

6

(intend)foreveryone.7(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility8

savingtheirenvironment.

Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty9(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill10(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.1.toteach用不定式作目的状语2.sixthcentury“世纪”前面要用序数词3.as引导非限定性定语从句4.where非限定性定语从句作地点状语5.borrowing逻辑主语herfable与borrow之间为主动关系6.intended在句中作定语，beintendedfor打算为……所用7.Different所以用形容词作状语，bedifferentfrom与……不同8.for

takeresponsibilityfor(对……负责)9.warning根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式10.beemployed

从句主语asimplelyricform与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态答案Learningaims:Bytheendofthisclass,youwillbeableto:Learntoanalyzelongandcomplexsentences;

Learntousesentencepatternsandgetmuchwritingpractice.Pattern1Theycouldbeinterpretedasawelcominggreetingfromaclosefriend,especiallyifaccompaniedbyagentlesmile.它们可以解读成来自一位好朋友的欢迎问候，尤其是伴随着温柔的微笑时。句式剖析：ifaccompaniedby...为状语从句的省略结构。当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致（或从句主语是it），且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以把从句主语和be动词一起省略。这些状语从句常由when,while,once,if,unless,though,although,asif,asthough等引导。状语从句省略后的结构：连词＋现在分词／过去分词／不定式／介词短语／名词／形容词翻译:If（youare）acceptedforthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.While

(Iwas)reading,Iheardthephonering.If

(youare)

indoubt,consultyourdoctor.拓展：有一些约定俗成的省略结构：ifpossible如果可能的话ifnecessary如果必要的话ifany如果有的话ifso如果是这样的话ifnot如果不是这样的话whennecessary当有必要时Pattern2Asmileshowsyouareattentivetotheissuesbeingdiscussed,whilelookingawaywithyourarmsfoldedcanindicatedisinterestandcreatedistrustorfriction.微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注，而双臂交叉、看向别处则会表示你不感兴趣，这样会造成不信任或引起摩擦。句式剖析：while作并列连词表对比While/but区别Honeyissweet,

thebeestings.蜂蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂会蜇人。Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome,

theparentswereworkinginthefields.儿子在家吃美餐，而父母却在田里劳作。while作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表对比。but表转折。but

whilePattern3However,someissuesmaybecomplicatedandyoumaybeconfusedaboutwhyothersfeeltheway

theydo.然而，有些问题可能是复杂的，你可能会对其他人为什么会有那样的感受或行为感到困惑。句式剖析：theway＋定语从句,theway作先行词，后接的定语从句中缺状语时，定语从句用that或inwhich引导，也可省略引导词。翻译：InEnglish,wordsarenotalwaysspelledtheway(that/inwhich)theysound.在英语中，单词并不总是按照它们的发音来拼写。拓展：theway的这种用法，还可以理解为：1.theway相当于as，意为“按照，正如”。Theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.房间按照她想要的方式完成了。2.theway相当于how，意为“如何，怎样”。Ishalldotheworkthewaymyfatherdid.我会像我父亲那样做这项工作。Pattern4Moreimportantly,whetheryouapproveofthespeaker'swordsornot,youneedtobehonestinyourresponse.更重要的是，无论你是否赞同说话者的话，你都需要诚实地回答。句式剖析：whether...ornot引导让步状语从句。whether除了用于whether...or...结构外，还可用于whether..ornot，whetherornot...结构，这三个结构既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。翻译：不管你是否相信，它都是真的。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.拓展：whether...or..“不管......还是......，无论......还是......”，在句中引导让步状语从句，表示在从句所提供的两种选择之下，主句所表示的结果都一样；作“是......还是......”讲时，引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，用于提供两种选择。真题填空：Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

答案：37.tobite

38.orPattern5SomepeoplesaythattheUKandtheUSAaretwocountriesthatareseparatedbyacommonlanguage.有人说英国和美国是被一种共同的语言分开的两个国家。分析句式变化：Itissaidthat...Sb./Sth.issaidtodo...Sb./Sth.issaidtobedoing...Sb./Sth.issaidtohavedone...比较不定式有时态和语态的变化：PeoplesaythathehasmovedtoChicago.=ItissaidthathehasmovedtoChicago.=HeissaidtohavemovedtoChicago.人们说／据说他已经搬到芝加哥了。Pattern6NosoonerhadIbeguntounderstandhowBritishpeoplecommunicatethanitwastimetoheadbackhome.我刚开始了解英国人的沟通方式就到要回家的时候了。句式剖析：Nosoonerhadsb.done...than...某人一做完......就......使用nosooner...than...与hardly／scarcely...when...时要注意主句和从句的时态：nosooner与hardly／scarcely所在的主句用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句常用一般过去时。翻译：她刚说完，泪水便夺眶而出。Nosoonerhadshesaiditthansheburstintotears.拓展：表示“一......就......”的其他表达：1.assoonas/themoment/minute/instant/second（名词用作连词）＋句子2.immediately／directly/instantly（副词用作连词）＋句子3.On/Upondoing...Pattern7Thereweretimeswhenquestionslike“Wouldyoumindpassingmethejam,please?”wouldbemetwiththereply“WhywouldImind？”有些时候，像“你介意把果酱递给我吗？”这样的问题会得到“我为什么会介意？”这样的回答。句式剖析：Therewasatimewhen...／Thereweretimeswhen...曾经有一段时期......／曾经......This/Thatwasatimewhen...这／那是一个......时期。when引导定语从句，修饰atime／times拓展：It／This／Thatisthefirst／second／...time（that）...这是／那是第一／二／......次......，从句要用现在完成时。It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...time（that）...这是／那是第一／二......次......，从句要用过去完成时。翻译：这是我第一次游览长城。Itis/wasthefirsttimeIhavevisited/hadvisitedtheGreatWall.区分：Itisforthefirsttimethat...Pattern8Thisisbecausethewordthatcorrespondsto“umbrella”inChinesesoundslikeanotherChinesewordwhichmeans“toseparate”.这是因为汉语中与“伞”对应的字听起来像另一个字，意思是“分开”。比较：1.This／That／Itisbecause...这／那是因为......（because引导表语从句，后接原因）2.This／That／Itiswhy...这／那就是为什么......（why引导表语从句，后接结果）3.Thereason(why...)

isthat...(......的）原因是......（why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句）翻译：我开会迟到了，因为我的车路上坏了。Iwaslateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausemycarbrokedownontheway.=Mycarbrokedownontheway.ThatwaswhyIwaslateforthemeeting.=ThereasonwhyIwaslateforthemeetingwasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.Pattern9Thiscomesasnosurprise,giventhatEnglishhasborrowedwordsfrommorethan300differentlanguages,includingLatin,Greek,FrenchandChinese.这并不奇怪，因为英语已从300多种不同的语言中借用了词汇，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。句式剖析：Given/Providing/Supposing/

Onthecondition

that...考虑到......，鉴于......拓展：givenprep.考虑到；鉴于翻译：如果他有更多的时间，他会把工作做得更好。Providing/Supposingthathehasmoretime,hewilldoabetterjob.Ontheconditionthathehasmo