版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
定语从句
Relativeclause一.什么是定语从句拆解概念:定语+从句1.定语:作用:修饰、限定
对象:名词或代词e.g.astudentatallstudentatallandhard-working
student
修饰、限定名词所以,一般情况下,定语可以简单理解为汉语中的“……的”,即在句子中起到形容词的作用。一.什么是定语从句从句一.什么是定语从句3.得出结论:所谓定语从句,就是在一个起到形容词作用的从句。4.定语从句的分类:限定性定语从句(不用逗号与主句分开,通常紧跟在先行词之后对先行词进行解释说明)非限定性定语从句(用逗号与主句分开,通常来修饰整个句子)二.什么情况下需要用到定语从句?思考如何表达出下边句子中的定语:
那个坐在门边的学生
那个穿红色衣服的小女孩儿一般情况下,简单的形容词罗列就可以做定语,但是一旦定语中出现动词,用形容词无法表达出定语的准确含义,这时就需要用到定语从句。三.如何写出一个定语从句HarryPorterisaboy.Theboyhasmagicpower.第一步:观察句子,找出这两个简单句中的重合部分三.如何写出一个定语从句第二步:替换同类项两个简单句中有重复内容,第二句中的theboy可以用代词指代,这就引出了定语从句中最重要的一个定义——关系词
三.如何写出一个定语从句关系词是在英语中引导定语从句的词。它分为关系副词和关系代词,且都在定语从句中充当成分。三.如何写出一个定语从句第三步:合并句子HarryPorterisaboy.Theboyhasmagicpower.HarryPorterisaboy
whohasmagicpower.定语从句的基本结构:主句+先行词+关系词+定语从句先行词关系代词三.如何写出一个定语从句
Let’spractice:Tianjinisabeautifulcity.Thecityhasalonghistory.
Tianjinisabeautifulcitywhichhasalonghistory.Let’spracticeHewaslateforworkthismorning,__isoftenthecase.Theman________livesnexttousisapoliceman.Thisisthebook_________Iboughtlastweek.Theman__________Isawyesterdayisapoliceman.Ilikethebook______coverisred.Suchstories____mymotheroftentellssoundsveryinteresting.which\thataswho\thatwhom\thatwhoseasAs与which引导非限定性定语从句时的区别:①位置不同:as引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。as放在句首的情况常用的句式有asweallknow,asyoucansee,asismentionedabove,而which则没有这样的用法。
②搭配不同:as常与从句中的know,see,hear,expect等动词连用,也常用于asoftenhappens,asisoftenthecase(常有的事),asisexpected(不出所料),ashasbeensaidbefore(如上所述),asismentionedabove(正如上面所提到的)等句子中;而which一般不用于以上情况.
As与which引导非限定性定语从句时的区别:③含义不同:as有“正如”的含义,which没有此含义.如:
Asiswellknown,Shanghaiisabigcity.
Someoftheroadswereflooded,whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult.4.用法不同:which可用在介词+关系代词的用法中,as则不能。ThisistheschoolinwhichIstudied3yearsago.
Let’spractice1.Thenumberofsmokers,______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.2.Themeeting,______washeldinthepark,wasattendedby1,000people.4.______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.5.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof______usesitdifferently.aswhichAswhich四.关系副词
when
时间状语
Where
地点状语
Why
原因状语Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathiscarbrokedown.Istillrememberthedaywhenmybrotherjoinedthearmy.
状语When引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词,其先行词常是time,day,night,week,month,year等,并在定语从句中做时间状语,相当于介词+which。Ineverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)IjoinedthearmyWhere引导定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,其先行词常为place,city,country,school等表示地点的词汇,并且在定语从句中充当地点状语,相当于介词+which。此外,field,area,situation,position,occasion,point,
activity等均可视为抽象意义上的地点。Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.Youreachapointwhere(atwhich)medicinecan'thelp.
why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason,相当于for+which,在定语从句中充当原因状语,常用在thereasonwhy的结构中。
Idon'tknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hecamesolate.我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。
Thatisthereasonwhy(forwhich)Idon'twanttogo.那就是我不想去的理由。
五.如何判断使用关系代词还是关系副词:1.分清主句和从句2.确定先行词3.判断关系词在从句中充当的成分一般情况下:当定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语时,选择关系代词当定语从句中缺少状语(时间、地点、原因)时,选择关系副词。Let’spracticewhenwhywherewhoIstillrememberthosedays____wespenttogetherI’llneverforgetthedays____IvisitedNewYorkwithyou.
Maryissolovelyagirl____everybodylovesher.Maryissolovelyagirl___everybodyloves.Isthisthelibrary__________youvisitedyesterday?Doyouknowtheyoungman_____wemetatthegate?Iknowtheboy___motherisaprofessor.Thisisthevillage______hewasborn.Thisisthevillage_____grewwheat.
thatwhenthataswhomwhich\that
whosewherewhichPS:有同学在做题过程中会出现对先行词概念不明确的问题。比如:Isthislibrarythatyouvisitedyesterday?这句话中最大的问题就是有同学会将“thislibrary”看作先行词,从而觉得这句话没有问题。把这句话转换成陈述语气后,thislibrary是主句主语,is是主句系动词,that引导的是定语从句,但没有先行词,故应补加先行词theone。Isthislibrarytheonethatyouvisitedyesterday?思考这句话表达的对不对?Istheboywhoyoumetlastweek?选用哪个关系代词?which/whom六.关系副词转换成介词+关系代词关系副词转换成介词+which\whom时,若先行词为人,关系代词用whom;若先行词为物,关系代词用Which.Theschoolinwhich(where)hestudiedisveryfamous.I’llneverforgetthedayonwhich(when)wemetThewomantowhomhewasspeakingismymother.TheprofessorforwhomIhavegreatrespectisretiring.PS.定语从句中的介词+whom可以放到句子末尾,变成whom+介词的形式。Thewomanwhomhewasspeakingtoismymother.选用什么介词?in?of?on?for?......介词的选择Group1Isthisthecar________whichyoupaidahighprice?
Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson______whomshecouldturnforhelp.
Theman________whomyoushookhandsjustnowisourEnglishteacher.
Group1Thisisthecar{forwhichyoupaidahighprice}?
Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson{towhomshecouldturnforhelp}.
Theman{withwhomyoushookhandsjustnow}isourEnglishteacher.
小结1.根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词,其动词与介词搭配,构成动词短语。介词的选择Group2Thetwothings________whichKarlMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.
Theteacher________whomthestudentsinourclassarepopularisMrWang,ourEnglishteacher.
Group2Thetwothings{aboutwhichKarlMarxwasnotsure}werethegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.
Theteacher{withwhomthestudentsinourclassare
popular}isMrWang,ourEnglishteacher.
小结2.根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词,其形容词与介词搭配,构成形容词短语。介词的选择Group3I’llneverforgettheday________whichIjoinedthearmy.
Thefactory________whichhisfatherworksisfarawayfrommyhometown.Idon’tknowthereason_______whichhewaslateforschool.
Thisisthecamera________whichheoftentakesphotos.Group3I’llneverforgettheday{onwhichIjoinedthearmy}.
The
factory{inwhichhisfatherworks}isfarawayfrommyhometown.Idon’tknowthe
reason
{forwhichhewaslateforschool}.
Thisisthecamera
{withwhichheoftentakesphotos}.小结3.根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词,其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词,它们与介词之间有一定的联系。介词的选择Group4Thisisthepilot________whomIboughtacamera.
Thisisthepilot________whommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.Thisisthepilot________whommysonwassaved.
Group4Thisisthepilot{forwhomIboughtacamera}.
Thisisthepilot{withwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears}.Thisisthepilot{bywhommysonwassaved}.
小结4.根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子,先行词完全一样,定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的,这时,要根据句子所要表达的意思,选用不同的介词。其他规则?Group1YesterdaywepaidavisittothehouseinwhichLuXunlived.YesterdaywepaidavisittothehousewhichLuXunlivedin.ThisisthepenwhichI’mlookingfor. ThisisthepenforwhichI’mlooking. 其它用法小结1.介词若与从句中的动词词组有关,可前置于关系代词前,也可置于动词后,但若此介词与动词为固定词组,则此介词一般不前置。小结2.限定性定语从句中,介词前置时,关系代词不能用that,且不能省略;若介词后置,则可以用that,也可以省略。Group2ThisistheschoolinwhichIstudied3yearsago.Thisistheschool(which/that)Istudiedin3yearsago.其它用法小结3.表示所属关系时,介词应用of,关系代词为which/whom,即n.+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+n.。Group3Helivesinaroom,whosewindowfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Thechildwassavedbyaman,whosenamewasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.其它用法小结4.表示“整体中的一部分或……中最……”的,介词一般也用of。Group4TheGreenshavetwodaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.Chinahasmanyrivers,thelongestofwhichistheYangtzeRiver.其它用法Let’spracticePracticeThestudent________whomI’mgratefulisTom.YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLake________whichHangzhouisfamous.Thenaughtyboymadeaholeinthehole__________whichhecouldseewhatishappeningoutside.Theman,__________whomIlearnedthenews,isanengineer.Theyliveinahouse,thedoorof________openstothesouth.Isthatthenewspaperfor________youoftenwritearticles?toforfromthroughwhichwhichPracticewhichwhichwhosewhom七.选择关系代词时只用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③
everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时
Everything
thatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybook
that
belongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥
当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.Let’spractice1.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what2.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导3.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose4.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导5.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose6.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.which
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 适应性免疫细胞淋巴细胞
- 集合的含义及表示用
- 药物合成反应第四章缩合反应
- 骨折後的康复治疗
- 高血压健康知识讲座
- 【高二上】2023-2024南京航空航天大学苏州附中高二10月月考语文试题含答案
- 二手车评估与交易 课件 蔡云 第五章 二手车鉴定评估操作
- 初一读书笔记骆驼祥子2篇
- 初三青春的作文精彩6篇
- 家乡的环境变化7篇
- 初中英语阅读教学的实践研究结题报告
- 五保户申请书
- 绿色金融知识竞赛考试题库(精简300题)
- 大学英语四级写作讲解应用文课件
- 中铁大直径盾构隧道隧道项目特色与亮点汇报
- (完整版)车站改造工程施工方案1
- DBJ50∕T-098-2019 城市绿化养护质量标准
- 唐代绘画艺术课件
- 漫谈孔子的忠恕之道课件
- 2023年度九年级Unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla九年级英语unit8说课稿
- 完整版会议服务培训课件
评论
0/150
提交评论