非谓语动词之过去分词课件高考英语二轮复习专题

非谓语动词高考复习专题Part2过去分词

📕一、过去分词定义1.定义非谓语动词的一种，也叫-ed分词。用法:①可以和have/has/had构成完成时:have/has/haddone，此时是谓语，表示已完成Bytheendof14,Tomhaslearnedadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.②可以和be动词构成被动语态：bedone，此时是谓语，表示被动Don’tworry.Thechildrenarewelllookedafter.③非谓语，在句中常做表语、定语、补语、状语📕二、过去分词变化规则2.过去分词的规则变化（同过去式）①【直】一般情况下，直接+-edhelp-helped-helpedlook-looked-lookedwork-worked-worked②【去】以不发音的e结尾，去e+-edlike-liked-likedlive-lived-lived③【双】重读闭音节‘辅元辅’结尾，双写尾字母再加-edplan-planned-plannedstop-stopped-stoppednod-nodded-nodded④【改】以辅音加y结尾，改y为i，再加-edstudy-studied-studiedtry-tried-tried注：动词过去式和动词不规则变化需要另外记忆📕二、过去分词变化规则3.常见部分动词过去式和过去分词的不规则变化汉义原形过去式过去分词让letletlet放putputput切割cutcutcut跑runranrun来comecamecome成为becomebecamebecomeAAA型ABA型📕二、过去分词变化规则3.常见部分动词过去式和过去分词的不规则变化汉义原形过去式过去分词认为，思考thinkthoughtthought带来bringbroughtbrought买buyboughtbought教teachtaughttaught抓catchcaughtcaught遇见meetmetmetABB型📕三、过去分词的句法功能动词的过去分词相当于形容词或副词，在句子中可充当表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等句子成分。1.作表语

be/系动词+-ed分词过去分词作表语，跟在系动词后，具有形容词功能（有些已经变成形容词）动词-ing作形容词：令人...的

动词-ed作形容词：人感到...的如excite,puzzle,disappoint,astonish,amaze,bore,encourage,inspire,shock,move,tire,challenge,touch等动词，它们表示事物的特征时，用现在分词作表语，表示人的特征、状态时，用过去分词作表语。Thechildrenwerevery___________(excite)bythemovie.Themovie,whichwesawyesterday,isvery__________(excite).excitedexciting📕三、过去分词的句法功能2.作定语(往往与所修饰名词构成被动关系）表形容词功能，表示已经完成的或被动的动作或者不强调时间性的被动动作。①单个过去分词作前置定语，表被动，已完成意义。现在分词做前置定语，则表主动和进行。如：afinishedarticlepollutedwater

anorganizedtrip1）Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___________(share)futureformankind…

2）youcansitdowntorestyour____________(ache)legs.

注：不及物动词过去分词作定语修饰名词仅表示完成意义，不表示被动。aretiredworker=aworkerwhohasretiredfallenleaves=leavesthathavefallenagrownman=amanwhohasgrown

sharedaching📕三、过去分词的句法功能2.作定语

(往往与所修饰名词构成被动关系）②过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动，已完成意义。相当于一个定语从句。themeetingheldlastweekagiftgivenbyhermomTheproblemdiscussed

atthemeeting

将下列定语从句改成过去分词短语作定语的句子。1)Thebuildingwhichwasbuiltin1508isunderrepair.→Thebuildingbuiltin1508isunderrepair.2)What’sthelanguagethatisspokeninthatarea?→What’sthelanguagespokeninthatarea?3)Thehousethatisboughtlastyearisworthafortune.→Thehouseboughtlastyearisworthafortune.用所给的词语的适当形式填空1.Helooksvery________(delight).2.Shefoundherphone_______(steal).3.Thediseasewascausedbythe___________(pollute)water.4.Theconclusionofthebookwasvery______________(disappoint).5.FarawayarethemountainsofcentralScotland,often________(cover)withsnow.6.Wealllikethedishes__________(cook)bythechef.7.A__________(grow)numberofpeoplearereturningtofull-timeeducation.delightedstolenpolluted📕三、过去分词的句法功能disappointingcoveredcookedgrowing📕三、过去分词的句法功能3.作宾语补足语（v+sb./sth.+done)说明宾语的状态，性质。过去分词作宾补的常见类型：1).用在感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后面,seesb.+doneIfoundadoorlocked.2).用在get,make,have,keep等表示‘致使’动词后面makesb.+doneIraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.3).用在expect,wouldlike,want,wish,order等表示”愿望，命令“的词后面want/order/wishsb.+(tobe)doneIdon’twantanyoneofyou(tobe)involvedintheissue.Theteacherwouldlikethehomework(tobe)handedintomorrow.📕三、过去分词的句法功能3.作宾语补足语（v+sb./sth.+done)说明宾语的状态，性质。过去分词作宾补的常见类型：4)with的复合结构中withsb/sth+done表被动且完成，或表状态Withallthestuff________(buy),sheheadedhomejoyfully.Withallherhomework________(do),Cindybreathedasighofrelief.Wefoundhimlyingonabench,withhiseyes_______(fix)onakiteinthesky.Ilivedonthatphonethatsummer,withmyface______(bury)initsscreen.boughtdonefixedburied📕三、过去分词的句法功能Canyouhearsomebody_____(sing)inthenextroom?Ioftenhearthissong______(sing)inEnglish.IneedapassportsoIwillhavemyphotograph_________(take).Hesatinmyroomforafewminuteswithhiseyes_______(fix)ontheposteronthewall.Withthenewsnowseason___________(begin)inChina,enthusiasticskiersandsnowboardershavebeeneagertogetbackontheslopes.singingsungtakenfixedbeginning📕三、过去分词的句法功能4.作状语(逻辑主语和主句主语一致）过去分词作状语时，表示被动和完成，在句子中一般可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等1).作时间状语（相当于when引导的从句）Translated

into(=When

itwastranslatedinto)English,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.Askedwhoshewas,shesaidshewasMary’sfriend.2).作原因状语（相当于because，as等引导的从句）Brokendownonthehighway,hiscarwascarriedawaybythepolice.Absorbedinhistask,theoldmandidn’tnoticethewomanenterhisoffice.📕三、过去分词的句法功能3).作条件状语（相当于if引导的从句）Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.4).作让步状语（相当于though，although等引导）Though

warnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingontheice.5).作方式或伴随状语Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhiswife.Seatedatthetable,myfatherandIweretalkingaboutmyjob.📕三、过去分词的句法功能过去分词作状语时，前面往往带有when,if,while,though,evenif等连词，这样就能是过去分词所表示的意思更加明确。Ifgiventhesametreatmentagain,heissuretogetwell.Though

warnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingontheice.Whenheated,icecanbechangedintowater.📕三、过去分词的句法功能______(give)time,he’llmakeafirst-class