大学英语考试复习资料专升本英语分类模拟62

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

专升本英语分类模拟62

ReadingComprehension

Televisionhaschangedthelifestyleofpeopleinevery

industrializedcountryintheworld.IntheunitedStates,where

sociologistshavestudiedtheeffects,someinteresting

observationshavebeenmade.

Television,althoughnotessential,hasbecomean

importantpartofmostpeople'slives.Italterspeople'swaysof

seeingtheworld;inmanyways,itsupportsandsustains

modernlife.Televisionhasbecomeababy-sitter,anintroducer

ofconversations,themajortransmitterorculture,akeeperof

tradition.YetwhenwhatcanbeseenonTVinonedayis

criticallyanalyzed,itbecomesevidentthattelevisionisnota

teacherbutasustainer:thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoes

notelevate（提高）peopleintogreaterunderstanding,but

rathermaintainsandencouragesthelifeasitexists.

TheprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityinAmerican

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

televisionisrelatedtoboththehistoryofTVprogramming

developmentandtheeconomicsofTV.TelevisioninAmerica

beganwiththeradio.Radiocompaniesandtheirsponsorsfirst

experimentedwithtelevision.Therefore,thecloserelationship

whichtheadvertisershadwithradioprogramsbecamethe

systemforAmericanTV.Sponsorsnotonlypaidmoneyfor

timewithinprograms,butmanyactuallyproducedthe

programs.Thus,inAmericansociety,televisionisprimarily

concernedwithreflectingandattractingsocietyratherthan

experimentingwithnewideas.Advertiserswanttoattractthe

largestviewingaudiencepossible.Todosorequiresthatthe

programsbeentertainingratherthaneducational,attractive

ratherthanchallenging.

TelevisioninAmericatodayremains,toalargeextent,with

thesameorganizationandstandardsasithadthirtyyearsago.

Thehopeforfurtherdevelopmentandtrueachievement

towardimprovingsocietywillrequireachangeintheentire

system.

1.AccordingtotheauthorAmericantelevisionispoorin

qualitybecause.

A.advertisersareinterestedinexperimentingwithnewideas

B.itisstillatanearlystageofdevelopment,comparedwiththe

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

radio

C.theprogramshavetobedevelopedintheinterestsofthe

sponsorsforeconomicreasons

D.itiscontrolledbyradiocompanies

答案:C［解析］第三段第一句说到"Theprimaryreasonforthe

lackofqualityinAmericantelevisionisrelatedtoboththe

historyofTVprogrammingdevelopmentandtheeconomics

再根据下文对此的解释，可知选

ofTV."Co

2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.

A.TVasthesustainerofAmericanlife

B.TVasthemajortransmitterofculture

C.theeducationaleffectofTVonsociety

D.thestronginfluenceandthepoorqualityofAmericanTV

答案:D［解析］由第二段第一句"...becomeanimportantpartof

mostpeople'slives."和最后一句"...thepoorqualityof

programmingdoesnotelevate（提高）peopleintogreater

understanding,butrathermaintainsandencouragesthelife

asitexists."可知与D一致。

3.Intheauthor'sviewAmericanTVshould.

A.becriticalbutentertaining

B.becreativeandeducational

C.changewiththedevelopmentofsociety

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

0.attractasmanyviewersaspossible

答案:B［解析］从文章第三段的末尾"Advertiserswanttoattract

thelargestviewingaudiencepossible,todosorequiresthat

theprogramsbeentertainingratherthaneducational,

attractiveratherthanchallenging/可以读出作者的态度，作者认

为广告商只是想吸引大多数观众，因此节目更多地表现为娱乐性而不

是教育性，吸引性而不是挑战性。因此作者的态度是想让节目更具教

育性和创新性。

4.TheauthorbelievesthattelevisionintheUnitedStateshas

becomeimportanttomostpeoplebecause.

A.itpromotesfamilyunity

B.ithelpsthemdeveloptheirspeakingability

C.itaffectstheirlifeinmanyways

D.itchallengessociety

答案:C［解析］从第二段第一、二句"Television,althoughnot

essential,hasbecomeanimportantpartofmostpeople'slives.

Italterspeople'swaysofseeingtheworld;inmanyways,it

supportsandsustainsmodernlife?可知电视已成为人们生活中

的一个重要部分。故选C。

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAmericantelevisionis.

A.critical

B.praising

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

C.doubtful

D.sympathetic

答案:A［解析］从全文来看，作者提出了美国电视节目存在的问题，而

文章中最后一句话"Thehopeforfurtherdevelopmentandtrue

achievementtowardimprovingsocietywillrequireachangein

theentiresystem.n也表明了作者的态度。故选A。

Theseaisthecommonpropertyofallnations.Itbelongs

equallytoall.Nonecanappropriateitexclusivelyto

themselves;norisit"foreign"toany.

ThiswasthedecisionofJohnMarshall,chiefjusticeofthe

UnitedStatesfrom1801to1835.Itwasstatedasa

fundamentalruleoftheseathatnoone,andtherefore

everyone,ownstheocean.Thismeansthatoutsideterritorial

waters(thewaterswithinthreemilesofacountry'scoast),the

lawiswhatevernationsagreeoninpeacetimeandwhatever

thestrongestnavalpowerscanenforceinwartime.

AftertheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,Americans

begantoseizeCanadianswhowerehuntingsealsoutside

Alaskanterritorialwaters.TheAmericansclaimedthatthe

sealswereAmericanpropertybecausetheyoftencameinto

theAlaskanshoresownedbytheUnitedStates.International

arbitratorsdisagreedwiththisreasoning.Insomecases,

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

however,thespecialrightsofanationthatmakesuseofan

open-seaareaarerecognized.

Allofthesea'srulesoftheroadareestablishedby

internationalconferencesandtreaties.

6.Thefundamentalruleoftheseameansthat.

A.theseashouldbeequallydividedamongallthenationsin

theworld

B.anyareaoftheseabelongstothenationclosesttoit

C.nonationhasanysearights

D.nonationhasexclusiverighttotheopensea

答案:D［解析］由文章第一段第二、三句"Itbelongsequallytoall.

Nonecanappropriateitexclusivelytothemselves;norisit

'foreign'toany.”和第二段第三句"Itwasstatedasa

fundamentalruleoftheseathatnoone,andtherefore

everyone,ownstheocean.”可知D项正确。

7.TheAmericans'claimtothesealswasbasedon.

A.theideathatthesealscomingtoAmericanshoreswere

Americanproperty

B.theideathattheywereinternationalarbitrators

C.thefactthattheUnitedStateshadpurchasedallthewaters

ofAlaska

D.thefactthattheUnitedStateshadspecialrightsfor

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

open-seaareas

答案:A［解析］从第三段第二句"TheAmericansclaimedthatthe

sealswereAmericanpropertybecausetheyoftencameinto

theAlaskanshoresownedbytheUnitedStates/可知A正确。

8.Internationalarbitratorsdecidedthat.

A.CanadahadnorighttohuntsealsofAlaska

B.theCanadianscouldhuntthesealsoutsideAlaskan

territorialwaters

C.theUnitedStatescouldclaimthesealsasitsproperty

D.theAmericanscouldnothunttheseals

答案:B［解析］文章第三段倒数第二句提到"International

arbitratorsdisagreedwiththisreasoning."其中"this"指的是

前面一句美国的声明。四个选项中只有B项较为符合本句隐含意思,

故选B。

9.Inpeacetime,nationsmayacquirespecialrightsonopen

watersby.

A.anagreementwiththestrongestnavalpowers

B.thedecisionsofinternationalarbitrators

C.internationalagreements

D.negotiationswiththosewhoowntheareas

答案:C［解析］文章第二段结尾提到"...thelawiswhatevernations

agreeoninpeacetimeandwhateverthestrongestnaval

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

powerscanenforceinwartime/其中agreeon与C一致。

10.Themainideaofthispassageisthat.

A.thelawoftheseawasstatedbyJohnMarshall

B.somenationsareabletoacquirespecialopensearights

C.everynationownsitsterritorialwaters

D.thelawsoftheseaareestablishedbyinternational

agreement

答案:D［解析］根据全文的讲述以及最后一句nAIIofthesea'srules

oftheroadareestablishedbyinternationalconferencesand

treaties;可知D为正确答案。

Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?

Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactiveperson

whoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitementDoyouprefergrays

andblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwould

ratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist（悲观主义者）.

Thisiswhatpsychologiststellus.Theytellus,amongother

facts,thatwedon'tchooseourfavoritecoloraswegrow

up一wearebornwithourpreference.Ifyouhappentolove

brown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleast

assoonasyoucouldseeclearly.

Colorsdoinfluenceourmoods;thereisnodoubtaboutit.

Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfuland

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

morerelaxedthanadarkgreenone.Ontheotherhand,black

isdepressing.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,near

London,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthananyother

bridgeinthearea-untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumber

ofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply;perhapsitwould

havefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkor

babyblue.

Weoftenassociateaparticularcolorwithapieceofmusic,

abook,aplay,aperson,anumber;oraletter.Doesn't3look

redand4yellow?AtthebeginningofthiscenturyaFrench

poetwrotethatforhimtheletterAwasalwaysblack;Ewas

white,Ired,Oblue,andUgreen.Forsomeoneelse,Umight

bedeeppurpleorlemonyellow.Atragic（悲观的）storymakes

youthinkofblack,red,andgold,whilelovestoriesvaryfrom

redtopink—ormaybelightblue?Andwhydidtheblack

Americancomposersofsadjazzmusiccallthesongs"blues"?

Remember,then,thatifyoufeellow,youcanalways

brightenyourday—oryourlife—withanewshirtorafewcans

ofpaint.Anddon'tforgetthatanyonecanguessalotabout

yourpersonalitywhenyouchooseapairofsocksora

lampshade.

11.Apersonwhoprefersgraysandbluesislikelytobe

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

A.aleader

B.anoptimist

C.afollower

D.apsychologist

答案:C［解析］从第一段第四、五句中"Doyouprefergraysand

blues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldrather

followthanlead/可知C是正确答案。

12.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsfellsharplyafter.

A.thebridgeovertheThamesRiverwasrepaintedpink

B.thebridgeovertheThamesRiverwasrepaintedgreen

C.thebridgeovertheThamesRiverhadbeenrepaintedbaby

blue

D.thebridgeovertheThamesRiverhadbeenrepaintedblack

答案:B［解析］从第二段第四、五句"Ablackbridgeoverthe

ThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmore

suicidesthananyotherbridgeinthearea—untilitwas

repaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediately

fellsharply./可知B正确。

13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe

Frenchpoetmentionedintheabovepassage?

A.HealwayswrotetheletterAinblack.

B."Iamred"hewrote.

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

C.HewroteforhimselfthattheletterUwasalwaysgreen.

D.HesaidthattheletterAalwayssuggesteddepressiontohim.

答案:D［解析］从第二段第三句"Ontheotherhand,blackis

depressing?和第三段第三句"Atthebeginningofthiscentury

aFrenchpoetwrotethatforhimtheletterAwasalways

black..;可推断出D正确。

14.Thesongsofthesadjazzmusicgetthename"blues"

because.

A.theblackpeoplearesad

B.thebluecolorremindsonesadness

C.theblackpeoplelikethesongs

D.thebluecolorissad

答案:B［解析］根据第三段最后一句"Andwhydidtheblack

Americancomposersofsadjazzmusiccallthesongs'blues'"

中的可知正确答案为

sadBe

15.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkmaybestserveas

thetitleofthispassage?

A.HowColorInfluencesMood

B.TheDifferenceBetweenColorandMood

C.Mood'sInfluenceonColor

0.Color'sInfluenceonMona

答案:D［解析］文章一直在强调颜色影响心情，第二段首句即是文章

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

的中心。故选

De

Thereisn'tanyquestionaboutWashington'sgreatness.Ifhis

administrationhadbeenafailure,therewouldhavebeenno

UnitedStates.Hehadallthebackgroundthatcausedhimto

knowhowtomakeitwork,becausehehadworkedunderthe

ContinentalCongress.SomePresidentshavelimitedtheir

rolestobeingadministratorsofthelawswithoutbeingleaders.

ButWashingtonwasbothagreatadministratorandagreat

leader.

Iguessinfact,thattheonlyanti-WashingtonthingIcan

sayisthathemadeamistakewhenheestablishedthe

precedentofthetwo-termPresidentandeventherehehada

goodpersonalreasonforwantingthat,atleastforhimself.He

wasattackedviciouslybythepressofhisday;hewascalledso

manyterriblethingsthathetoldfriendsevenduringhisfirst

termthathewasn'tgoingtorunagain.ButThomasJefferson

andJamesMadisonandAlexanderHamiltonpersuadedhim

togoaheadandserveasecondtermandfinallyhedid.After

he'dgottenthroughhissecondterm,though,hemadeuphis

mindthathejustwouldn'ttakeitanymore,andhequit.

16.Basicallytheauthor'sopinionofWashingtonis.

A.praiseful

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

B.derogatory

C.critical

0.negative

答案:A［解析］文章第一段着重介绍了华盛顿的巨大贡献，由第二句

“Ifhisadministrationhadbeenafailure,therewouldhave

beennoUnitedStates"和最后一句"ButWashingtonwasboth

agreatadministratorandagreatleader?可知作者对华盛顿是

持赞扬态度的。故选A。

17.Washington'sadministrationhadbeena.

A.failure

B.success

C.goodexamplefollowedbyotherpresidents

D.miracle

答案:B［解析］从第一段的第二句中"Ifhisadministrationhad

beenafailure,therewouldhavebeennoUnitedStates/可推

理出华盛顿的行政管理是成功的。

18.Washington'sgreatnessshoweditselfinthat.

A.WashingtonworkedundertheContinentalCongress

B.Washingtonlimitedhisroletobeingadministratorsofthe

laws

C.Washingtonwasbothagreatadministratorandagreat

leader

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

0.Washingtonestablishedtheprecedentofthetwo-term

Presidency

答案:Q解析］从第一段最后一句"ButWashingtonwasbotha

greatadministratorandagreatleader."可知C对。

19.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardWashington's

two-termPresidency?

A.HethinksWashingtonmadeamistakebydoingso.

B.HethinksthatWashingtonhadagoodpersonalreasonfor

doingso.

C.HethinksthatWashingtonwastooselfishindoingso.

D.BothAandB.

答案:D［解析］从第二段第一句"...thattheonlyanti-Washington

thingIcansayisthathemadeamistakewhenheestablished

theprecedentofthetwo-termPresidentandeventherehe

hadagoodpersonalreasonforwantingthat,atleastfor

himself;可知A、B都正确，故正确答案为D。

20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.Washingtonwasverypopularwiththepressofhisday.

B.Washingtonwaspersuadedtoservethesecondterm.

C.Washingtoncontributedmuchtotheestablishmentofthe

UnitedStates.

0.Washington'sgreatnessisundoubted.

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

答案:A［解析］从第二段第二句可知"Hewasattackedviciouslyby

thepressofhisday...",在这里"beattackedviciously77与选项

A中的"popular”不相符，故选A。

Asprotectorofherfamily'shealth,thepioneerwoman

confrontedsituationssheneverimaginedbeforecrossingthe

Mississippi.FewwomencameWestpreparedtodealwith

desertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.Evenwhen

doctorswereavailable,theywereoftennomore

knowledgeablethantheirpatients.Andmostpatent

medicineswerenomorereliablethanthetravelingmerchants

whosoldthem.

Incertaincases,awomancoulddrawuponthefolk

wisdomandremediesshehadlearnedbackhome.Western

mosquitoes,forexample,provedtobeasrepelledbyapaste

ofvinegarandsaltasweretheirEasterncousins.Moreoften,

however,awomanwasguidedonlybyherownskillin

preparingtonics,powders,poisons,andpolishesfrom

whatevershehadathand:saltmadeapassabletoothpaste;

gunpowderwasappliedtowarts(^B),andturpentinetoopen

cuts;goosegrease,skunkoil,andtheever-presentlard(猪油)

werebasicliniments(擦齐(J);medicinalteasandtonicswere

madefromsunflowerseedsandroots.

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

21.Accordingtothepassage,whyweredoctorsintheWest

sometimesunabletohelptheirpatients?

A.Theydidnotknowhowtotreattheunfamiliarillnesses.

B.Theyknewlittleaboutmedicine.

C.Theywerenotgenuinedoctors.

D.Theywereoftenovercomebydiseases.

答案:A［解析］文章第一段第三句说到"Evenwhendoctorswere

available,theywereoftennomoreknowledgeablethantheir

patients/即:医生不比病人知道得多。此句中"nomore

knowledgeable"和选项A中的"didn'tknow"是同义替换。

22.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage

aboutpatentmedicines?

A.Theywerenotavailable.

B.Fewdoctorsknewhowtousethem.

C.Theydidnotworkverywell.

D.Themerchantswhosoldthemwerereliable.

答案:C［解析］从文章第一段最后一句中"Andmostpatent

medicineswerenomorereliable../可知这些药的效果也不是很

好。故C正确。

23.Itcanbeinferredthatmostofthepioneersreferredtoin

thepassagewereoriginallyfromintheUnitedStates.

A.thedesert

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

B.theWest

C.thestateofMississippi

D.theEast

答案:D［解析］文章第一段"FewwomencameWestpreparedto

dealwithdesertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds/

可知她们不可能来自西部和沙漠地带，又由第一句中nbefore

crossingtheMississippi"可知她们也不可能来自密西西比。再结

合地理知识可推出她们大多数来自美国东部。

24.AsusedinLine3,Para2,theword"cousins"refersto

A.similarmedicines

B.mosquitoesintheEast

C.peoplewiththesamebeliefs

0.familymembersintheEast

答案:B［解析］由第二段第二句"Westernmosquitoes,for

example,provedtobeasrepelledbyapasteofvinegarand

saltasweretheirEasterncousins."可推理出cousins指的是

这样选词主要是为避免重复。

mosquitoesintheeast0

25.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinorderto

surviveintheWestthepioneerhadtobe.

A.sincere

B.friendly

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

C.resourceful

D.hard-working

答案:C［解析］通过全文描述可推断出要想在西部生存的话必须要能

够足智多谋，随机应变，即C项的意思。

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheir

personalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasyto

explainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,or

whyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedin

thesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossess

certaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Thereare

noclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughton

thematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwo

approachesareverydifferentfromoneanother;andthereisa

greatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.The

controversyisoftenreferredtoas"nature/nurture".

Thosewhosupportthe"nature"sideoftheconflict

believethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargely

determinedbybiologicalandgenetics（遗传学）factors.That

ourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,

characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takento

anextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehavioris

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

predeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmost

completelygovernedbyourinstincts.

Proponentsofthe"nurture"theory,or;astheyareoften

called,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismore

importantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermining

howwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansas

beingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheir

surroundings.Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbeingis

quitemechanistic;theymaintainthat,likemachines,humans

respondtoenvironmentalstimuli（刺激）asthebasisoftheir

behavior.

Eitherofthesetheoriescannotyetfullyexplainhuman

behavior.Infact,itisquite「kelythatthekeytoourbehavior

liessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthe

controversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

26.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementswouldsupporters

ofthe"nature"theoryagreewith?

A.Aperson'sinstinctshavelittleeffectonhisaction.

B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson'sbehavior

andpersonality.

C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact

D.Thebehaviorists'viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

答案:C［解析］从文章第三段开头提到"Thosewhosupportthe

'nature'sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesand

behaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicaland

genetics（遗传学）factors."可知C是正确答案。

27.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementswould

proponentsofthe"nurture"theoryagreewith?

A.Aperson'scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment.

B.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect.

C.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.

0.Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior.

答案:A［解析］由文章第四段第一句"Proponentsofthe'nurture'

theory,onastheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthat

ourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologically

basedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.”可知在持

"nurture"理论观点的人看来，环境决定我们的行为。因此选A。

28.B.F.Skinner.

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.believesintheimportanceofgenesindetermining

personality

C.thinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantrolein

determiningcharacter

D.believesinstinctsgovernbehavior

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

答案:C［解析］第四段第二句提到"B.F.Skinner,seeshumansas

beingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheir

surroundings：7此题关键是读出被动句和shape的意思。文中的

sh叩e（塑造）与选项中的“playanimportantroleindeterming"

是同义替换。

29.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterof

thisarticle.

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.supportsthenurturetheory

C.believesbotharecompletelywrong

D.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwill

takeideasfromboththeories

答案:D［解析］从文中第五段第二句"Infact,itisquite「kelythat

thekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwo

extremes/可知D正确。

30.IntheUnitedStates,Blackpeopleoftenscorebelow

Whitepeopleonintelligencetests.Withthisinmind,which

oneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.NatureproponentswouldsaythatWhitesaregenetically

superiortoBlacks.

B.SupportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatWhitesscore

wellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment.

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

C.BehavioristswouldsaythatBlackoftenlacktheeducational

andenvironmentaladvantagesthatWhitesenjoy.

0.NurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatBlacksare

biologicallyinferiortoWhites.

答案:B［解析］选项中的B是赞成"天性”学说的人认为美国人取得

高分是因为他们处的环境比较优越，这与其生物和遗传对人的影响较

大的观点相冲突。故选

Be

Whileanewschooltermisabouttobegin,perhapswe

shouldreconsiderthematterofexaminations.InJuly,two

writers(LetterstotheEditor)praisedthecancellationofexams

becausetheybelieve"testsdon'ttellthewholestory."

Asateacherwhohasworkedinfourcountries,Ihavehad

theexperiencethatastudentwhoearnsgoodmarksis

generallyagoodstudent,andthatastudent'sfinalmarkina

subjectisusuallyagradeaverageoftheyear'swork.Ofcourse

thereareexceptions,buttheydonothavethefrequencythat

wouldgiveanunfairpictureofastudent'sability.

Thesimplefactisthatproperclasswork,diligentexam

studiesandgoodmarksarealmostcertainindicatorsofa

student'sfutureperformance.Theopposite,almostcertainly,

incompetence.

Thereisnoacceptablesubstituteforcompetitionand

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

examinationofquality.Howcanteachersandfutureofficials

determinewhatastudenthaslearnedandremembered?

Shouldwesimplytakethestudent'swordforit?Any

institutionthat"liberates"studentsfromfairandformalexams

ismisguided,ifnotignorantAndsurelythe"graduates"of

suchinstitutionswilllacktrustworthiness,nottomention

beingrejectedbyforeignuniversitiesforgraduateorother

studies.

Whenallissaidanddone,Isensethatafearoffailureand

afearofunpleasantcomparisonswithothersisatthebottom

ofmostban-examstalk.Excellenceandqualityfearnothing.

Onthecontrary,theyseekcompetitionanddesirethe

satisfactionofbeingthebest.

31.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorofthispassage

agreewith?

A.Testsarenoteffectiveinmeasuringthestudents'abilities.

B.Testsareaneffectivemeasureofthestudents'abilities.

C.Testscanonlymeasuresomeofthestudents'abilities.

D.Testsmaynotbeusefulformeasuringstudents'abilities.

答案:B［解析］由文章的描述以及第四段第一句话"Thereisno

acceptablesubstituteforcompetitionandexaminationof

quality;可知作者认为考试是检验学生能力的一项有效措施。故选B。

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

32.Thetwowritersmentionedinthefirstparagraph.

A.opposedjudgingstudentsbytheresultsofexams

B.musthaveproposedotherwaysoftestingstudents

C.regardedexamsasawayofpunishingstudents

D.seemedtobeworriedaboutthepoormarksoftheir

students

答案:A［解析］从第一段第二句"...twowriters(Letterstothe

Editor)praisedthecancellationofexamsbecausetheybelieve

'testsdon'ttellthewholestory'/可知A正确。

33.Accordingtothewriter;astudent'sfinalmark.

A.isoftenencouraging

B.oftengivesafairpictureoftheyear'swork

C.oftenprovesunreliable

D.oftentellswhetherhelikesthesubjectornot

答案:B［解析］从第二段第一句"...andthatastudent'sfinalmark

inasubjectisusuallyagradeaverageoftheyear'swork?可知

正确答案为

Be

34.Ifastudentgraduatedfromauniversitywhichdoesnot

requireexamshewould.

A.havetocontinuehisstudies

B.haveafeelingoffailure

C.beincompetent

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D.notbeadmittedbyforeigninstitutions

答案:D［解析］从第四段末尾"Andsurelythe'graduates'ofsuch

institutionswilllacktrustworthiness,nottomentionbeing

rejectedbyforeignuniversitiesforgraduateorotherstudies?

可推知正确答案为

De

35.Accordingtothearticle,thosewhodisliketheideaof

examinationsareprobablyafraidof.

A.competingwithotherstudents

B.beinggradedunfairly

C.workingtoohard

D.beingdismissedfromschool

答案:A［解析］由最后一段第一句"Isensethatafearoffailure

andafearofunpleasantcomparisonswithothersisatthe

bottomofmostban-examstalk/可推断出A正确。

Asscientistslearnmoreaboutthecausesofearthquakes,

theybecomebetterabletopredictthem.Firstofall,they

knowthatquakesarelikelytooccurinareaswherethe

tectonicplates（地层地壳板块）pushagainsteachother.They

studytheseareasclosely,usingdifferentinstruments.They

measurethevibrationsoftheearthwithseismographs（地震

仪），whichrecordonrollsofpaperallmovements,bothlarge

andsmall.ScientistsusuallyusetheRichterscale（里希特震级仪）

［大学英语考试复习资料］专升本英语分类模拟62

namedafterafamousseismologist（地震学家），forthese

measuremen