高考英语北师大版课件选修八Unit22

先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心主体段落常用句型锤炼：祈使句＋and/or(else)/otherwise＋陈述句1.Followyourdoctor’sadvice,andyouwillgetbettersoon.

接受医生的建议，你很快就会好的。2.Hurryup,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillbelate.

快点，否则你会迟到的。3.Itisreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,andthebabywillfallintothewell.

真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里。4.Workharder,andyouwillsucceedinyourstudies.

如果你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会成功。5.Studyhard,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillfailinyourexams.

如果你不努力学习，考试会不及格的。6.Payyourattentiontowhattheteacherssayinclass,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillleaveoutsomeimportantpoints.

上课时要注意老师说过的话，否则你会遗漏一些要点的。后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来1.努力学习，你会被理想的大学录取的。

2.抓住机会吧，

否则你会遗憾的。

3.叫你怎么做就怎么做，

否则你会有麻烦的。

Studyhard，andyou’llbeadmittedtotheidealcollege.Takethechance,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillregretit.Doasyou’retold,or/orelse/otherwiseyou’llbeintrouble.Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.____________vt.&vi.

牺牲；献出2.____________vt.主张，提倡3.____________vt.使困住4.____________prep.超出5.____________adj.有关的sacrificeadvocatetrapbeyondrelevant6.____________vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；宣判7.____________vt.回收利用8.____________n.代替品，代用品9.____________vt.依法没收；(用武力)夺取10.____________n.方式，方法；手段condemnrecyclesubstituteseizemeans二、阅读单词1.principlen.________________2.coincidencen.________________3.potentialn.________________4.ecologyn.________________5.botanicaladj.________________6.corruptadj.____________________7.conservationn.________________8.consensusn.________________原则，道德准则巧合可能性，潜在性生态植物的贪污受贿的，腐败的保护一致的意见9.catastrophen.________________10.negativeadj.________________11.fragileadj.________________12.evolutionn.________________巨大的灾难消极的，负面的易毁的；脆弱的(生物)进化三、拓展单词1.________vt.采用；收养→________n.收养；采用2.__________n.预订；保留；保护；疑惑→________n.保护区vt.保留；预订→________adj.预订的，保留的3.__________n.农业→___________adj.农业的4.________vt.威胁→________n.威胁5.___________adj.多变的→________n.&v.变化6.__________n.分离，分开→________v.分离，分开

adj.分开的7._________vt.建造→____________n.建造8.________n.资金→________adj.财政的；金融的adoptadoptionreservationreservereservedagricultureagriculturalthreatenthreatchangeablechangeseparationseparateconstructconstructionfinancefinancial9.________vt.分配，配给→_________n.分配，配给10.________n.政治(活动)→________adj.政治的→________n.政治家11.________vt.削尖→________adj.锋利的→__________n.卷笔刀12.__________adj.想得周到的，体贴的→_____________n.考虑；思考→_________vt.思考，考虑；认为→__________prep.考虑到；鉴于13.________vt.计算，算出→__________n.计算→__________n.计算器allocateallocationpoliticspoliticalpoliticiansharpensharpsharpenerconsiderateconsiderationconsiderconsideringcalculatecalculationcalculator[会积累]1.聚焦sub-开头单词①substituten.

代替品②subconsciousadj.下意识的③subheadingn.小标题④subjectiveadj.主观的⑤submitv.提交；呈递⑥subscribev.定期订购2.“相似词”小结①principlen.原则→principaln.校长②tissuen.组织→issuen.问题；发行③affectvt.影响→effectn.影响④dessertn.甜点→desertv.舍弃⑤borrowv.借→sorrown.悲痛⑥wanderv.漫步→wonderv.想知道⑦fellown.家伙→followv.跟随3.“环境”相关词全扫描①conservationn.保护②reserven.保护区③atmospheren.大气层④speciesn.物种⑤resourcen.资源⑥recyclev.回收利用⑦habitatn.栖息地⑧ecologyn.生态4.各大“产业”名词个个清①agriculture农业②industry工业③business商业④forestry林业⑤fishing渔业⑥plantingindustry种植业5.盘点含-en后缀的高频动词①sharpen(使)锋利②weaken变弱③strengthen加强④lengthen延长⑤widen(使)变宽⑥shorten使缩短[会应用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.HecametoChinainordertolearnChinese___________(agriculture)skills.2.Theschoolsmust________(adoption)newmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.3.Hefindsitreallyunbelievablethattheycannotdiscuss________during________scienceslessonsathisuniversity.(political)4.____________hisyoungage，itisquite____________ofhimto________otherpeoplebeforemakingdecisions.(consider)5.Itisnotsafetoletthechild________hispencilusingthesharp____________.(sharp)6.Theworldis___________，andeverythingis__________.(change)agriculturaladoptpoliticspoliticalConsideringconsiderateconsidersharpensharpenerchangeablechanging7.Afteralong_________，theybothliveda________lifeandintheendthey________peacefully.(separate)8.Ifnecessary，studentsareallowedto__________thevolume(容积)ofthecontainerusinga__________，whichwillmakethe__________simpler.(calculate)9.Alargesumhasbeen__________forbuyingnewbooksforthelibrary.The_________isofgreatimportancetoourschoollibrary’sconstruction.(allocate)10.Anewbridgeisbeing__________overtheriverandits___________willbefinishednextyear.(construct)separationseparateseparatedcalculatecalculatorcalculationallocatedallocationconstructedconstructionⅡ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.________________

依次；反过来2.________________引起，导致3.________________展望未来，向前看4.________________采取行动5.________________在……前面6.________________代表……7.________________掠去，夺走8.________________总的来说inturnleadtolookaheadtakeactionaheadofonsb’sbehalfcarryoffallinall9.apartfrom________________10.answerfor___________________________11.callforanendtosth________________12.earnone’sliving________________13.asamatteroffact________________14.breakawayfrom____________________________________15.anumberof________________16.beyondone’scontrol_______________________________除……以外(对已产生的不良后果)负责任要求结束……谋生实际上摆脱；脱离(团体、组织、某种思想体系)一些超出……的控制，不受……的控制[会积累]1.“负责”短语全接触①answerfor②beresponsiblefor③beresponsibleto④in(the)chargeof2.“许多，大量”词汇小聚①修饰可数名词：anumberof，afew，manya②修饰不可数名词：much，agreatdealof，agoodamountof，largeamountsof③既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词：lotsof，plentyof，alargequantityof，largequantitiesof[会应用]选用上表左栏短语填空1.Youhaveto____________anddealwithproblemsastheyarise.2.Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths，andthis____________affectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.3.People________________thewarinthisarea，andtheywantedtolivepeacefully.4.Iwasencouragedto________________oldformsandrules.5.____________studentswereabsentfromthemeetingforvariousreasons.6.Whenwedesignthisplan，weshould____________intothefuture.7.Itwashiscarelessnessthat____________hisfailureintheexam.8.____________，everyroadleadstoRome，butIdobelievehardworkpaysoff.takeactioninturncalledforanendtobreakawayfromAnumberoflookaheadledtoAllinallⅢ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：含蓄条件句的虚拟[教材原句]

Withoutthesenaturallyoccurringgases，thesun’srayswouldbouncebackintospaceleavingtheEarthcoldandimpossibletoliveon.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，使地球处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。[句型仿写]

_________________yourhelp，I_______________________________.没有你的帮助，我是不可能通过考试的。Withoutwouldn’thavepassedthetest句型公式2：given用作介词，表示“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”[教材原句]

Giventhisdata，itseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。[句型仿写]

________________thatshelikeschildren，itseemsthatteachingistherightjobforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看起来是很适合她的工作。GivenThelast30yearshavewitnessed/seenⅣ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ItisreportedthatEarth’sclimateisbeingchangedandhumanbeingswillface1.________(globe)warming.Globalwarmingrefersto2.________averageincreaseintheEarth’stemperature3.__________，inturn，leadstoclimatechange.Theglobalaveragetemperature4.____________(increase)by1℉overthelast100yearsbecauseofhumanactivities.Ifthesituation5.________(continue)，wearecondemninglifeonEarthandshouldfaceterribleclimatechanges，seriousdiseasesandbadeffects6.________someindustriesaswellasthe7.________(rise)sealevels.Sohowcanwestopthesedisastersfrom8.___________(happen)?Governmentsallovertheworldhavearesponsibilitytoreducetheamountofcarbondioxide9.________(produce)bytheircountries.Everyonecanplayhis10._________bymakingsmallchangesinhisdailylife.globalanthat/whichhasincreasedcontinuesonrisinghappeningproducedpart/role答案[核

心

词

汇]1.trapvt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉机[一词多义]写出下列句中trap的词性和含义①Someminersweretrappedundergroundafterthecollapse.____________②Gracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.____________③Theonlythingthewolfcoulddowasclimbinguptothegroundfromthetrap.____________④It’snolongerpossibletotrapasensiblemanintomarriage.____________vt.使困住n.捕鱼器n.陷阱vt.诱骗⑤Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.____________(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套be/gettrappedin被困在……中(2)fallintothetrapofdoingsth落入……的圈套set/layatrapfor为……设圈套

⑥Iwastrappedinto____________(admit)Ihaddonewrong.我被诱骗承认我做错了事。[名师指津]

表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：①be/getlockedin

②be/getcaughtin③be/getstuckinn.圈套admitting2.reservevi.储备；保存；保留；预订n.保护区；储备(1)reservesthforsb/sth为某人/某物保留、预定……(2)naturereserve自然保护区inreserve贮存；备用(3)reservationn.保留；预订(房间、座位等)makeareservation预订(座位、房间等)①—Haveyoureservedatable___________________usinadvance，Mary?—Oh，IforgottotellyouIhavemadea___________________foryou.Youwillhavea____________tablewheneveryougetthere.(reserve)——你提前给我们预订好桌了吗，玛丽？——哦，我忘了告诉你们了，我已经给你预订好桌了。无论你们什么时候去那儿，都会有给你们预留好的桌。②Itisadvisabletokeepsomefood____________incaseofemergency.储备一些食物以应急需是明智的。forreservationreservedinreserve3.advocatevt.主张，提倡n.提倡者，拥护者(1)advocate(doing)sth提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事advocatethat...主张……[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形](2)beanadvocateof/for……的提倡者/拥护者①Manyexpertsadvocate____________(reduce)theamountofchildren’shomeworkandalsoadvocatethatchildren________________(give)morefreetime.许多专家主张减少孩子的作业量，提倡给孩子更多的自由时间。②Shehasalwaysbeen____________advocateof/forchangestoEnglishspelling.她一直是英语拼写改变的提倡者。[名师指津]

advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)do”。reducing(should)begivenan4.substitutevt.&vi.(用……)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品(1)substituteAforB＝substituteBwith/byA用A代替/取代Bsubstitutefor代替，取代(2)asubstitutefor...……的替代者①Sheisseekingasubstitute____________________theverymanwhosedeparturemadehercry.那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。for②Wesubstitutetheredballs________________________theblueones，toseeifthebabywouldnotice.→Wesubstitutetheblueballs________________________theredones，toseeifthebabywouldnotice.我们用红色球代替蓝色球看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。[名师指津]

表示“代替，替换”的常见短语还有：replaceBwith/byA“用A替换B”；exchangeAforB“用A替换/兑换B”forwith/by5.threatenvt.威胁，恐吓(1)threatensbwith...用……威胁某人threatentodosth威胁要做某事threatenthat...威胁……(2)threatn.威胁，恐吓athreattosb/sth对某人或某事的威胁①Hetiedherupandthreatenedher___________________________asix-inchknife.他把她捆起来，拿着一把六英寸长的刀子威胁她。with②Davidthreatened________________(report)hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.大卫威胁说如果不赔偿损失，他将向警署告发他的邻居。③Chinaisapeace-lovingcountry，andwehaveneverbeenathreat____________theworld.中国是一个爱好和平的国家，我们从来不会成为世界的威胁。toreportto6.meansn.方式，方法；手段bymeansofbythismeansisitcanteachinginschool[名师指津]

means“方法、方式、手段”，其单复数同形，当means作主语且有every，each等表示单数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等表示复数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。④Everypossiblemeans_____________________________(try)，butnoneworked.→Allpossiblemeans________________________________(try)，butnoneworked.各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。hasbeentriedhavebeentried7.adoptvt.采用，采纳；收养(1)adoptone’ssuggestion采纳某人的建议theadoptedson养子(2)adoptionn.收养；采用①Aftermuchconsideration，wealldecidedto_______________________________.经过再三考虑之后，我们决定采纳我同桌的建议。②Wearguedherintothe________________________(adopt)oftheplan.我们说服她采纳这项计划。adoptmydeskmate’ssuggestionadoption[名师指津]

adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt意为“适应；改编，改写”。③Theboythey________lastyear____________thelifeheresoon.They________anewwaytoeducatehim.Hebecameagoodstudent.Thisisnot____________abookbutatruestory.他们去年收养的男孩很快适应了这里的生活，他们采用了一种新的教育方式教育他，他成了一个好学生。这件事不是改编自一本书，而是一个真实的故事。adoptedadaptedtoadoptedadaptedfrom8.leadto引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向leadsbto...带领……通往，引导某人去……leadsbtodosth使得某人做某事leada...life过着……的生活

①GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarth’stemperaturethat，inturn，______________________.(教材原句)地球变暖指的是地球平均温度升高，继而导致气候变化。②Iwanttoknowwhatitwasthatledyou________________(take)upactingasacareer.我想知道是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的。leadstoclimatechangetotake③Ironically，thismayleadto________________________(do)moreinsteadofless.具有讽刺意味的是，这也许会导致做更多而不是更少的事情。[一言串记]

Heledtheway，andledustoavillageinTibet，wherewefoundthelocalpeopleleadingahappylife.他带路，把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。[名师指津]

(1)leadto中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。(2)表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：①cause

②resultin

③bringabout

④contributetodoing9.apartfrom除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有)apartfrom＝except/exceptfor除了……之外(都)apartfrom＝besides/aswellas/inadditionto除……之外(还有)①____________thefewfoundinzoos，pandasliveonlyinthecentralbambooforestsofmainlandChina.(教材原句)除了少数几只大熊猫在动物园里可以看到，它们只生活在中国内地的中心竹园里。②Wehadnotroubleonthejourneyapartfrom____________(lose)somemoney.除了丢了一些钱外，我们旅途中没有出岔子。Apartfromlosing10.allinall总而言之；总的来说aboveall最重要的是；首先atall(常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)根本；全然；无论如何；一点儿inall总共afterall毕竟；终究；到底①Tobegreat，youmustbesmart，confident，and，________________，honest.要想伟大，你必须聪明、有信心，最重要的是要诚实。②Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem____________________.你为什么那么着急？那毕竟不是你的问题。aboveallafterall[一言串记]

Youshouldnothavescoldedtheboyatall.Heisachildafterall.Aboveall，hemadeonlytwomistakesinall.你根本不该责备那个男孩。他毕竟还是一个孩子。最重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。[重

点

句

型]1.Given__this__data，itseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。(1)本句中的given为介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意为“倘若，假定”。①________________(give)theirinexperience，they’vedoneagoodjob.考虑到他们缺乏经验，这个工作他们已干得很不错了。②_____________________，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.倘若对这些树多加照料，它们会长得更好。GivenGivenmoreattention(2)表示“考虑到……”时，given后还可接that从句，that有时可省略。③________________________，we’dbetterputoffthemeeting.考虑到你生病了，我们最好推迟会议。(3)given还可作形容词，意为“规定的，特定的”。④Theyweretomeetata________________(give)timeandplace.他们定了个特定时间和地点见面。Given(that)youaresickgiven近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。(1)句中thelastfewyears作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。①TheNationalDayof2017________________(witness)somanytrafficjamsontheexpressway.2017年的国庆节见证了高速路上大量的拥堵事件。w