英语报刊阅读进阶智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

英语报刊阅读进阶智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年英语报刊阅读进阶Whichofthefollowingaretexts?()

A:newspaperarticlesB:filmsC:clothesD:speeches答案:speeches;newspaperarticles;films;clothesWhichofthefollowingstatementsare对aboutthesocialconstructionistviewthatthepersoncannotpre-datelanguageandthatthepersonisconstructedthroughlanguage?()

A:Ourexperienceoftheworldandofourowninternalstatesisundifferentiatedandintangiblewithouttheframeworkoflanguagetogiveitmeaningandstructure.B:Intheprocessoflearningtousealanguage,wecometounderstandourselvesintermsoftheconceptsthatthewordsinourlanguagereferto.C:Thewayourlanguageisstructureddeterminesthewayourexperienceandconsciousnessarestructured.D:Languageprovidesuswithawayofstructuringourexperienceofourselvesandtheworld,andtheconceptsweusedonotpre-datelanguagebutaremadepossiblebyit.答案:Languageprovidesuswithawayofstructuringourexperienceofourselvesandtheworld,andtheconceptsweusedonotpre-datelanguagebutaremadepossiblebyit###Ourexperienceoftheworldandofourowninternalstatesisundifferentiatedandintangiblewithouttheframeworkoflanguagetogiveitmeaningandstructure###Intheprocessoflearningtousealanguage,wecometounderstandourselvesintermsoftheconceptsthatthewordsinourlanguagereferto###ThewayourlanguageisstructureddeterminesthewayourexperienceandconsciousnessarestructuredWhichofthefollowingstatementsare对aboutFerdinanddeSaussure’sproposalthatthelinkbetweenthesignifierandthesignifiedisarbitrary?()

A:Theterm“arbitrary”implies“accidental”or“random”.B:Theconceptsarearbitrarydivisionsandcategorizationsofhumanexperience.C:Theobjectsofourmentalworldexist“outthere”readyforustoattachourarbitrarylabelstothem.D:Thewordsweusetorefertoconceptsarejustaconvention.答案:Thewordsweusetorefertoconceptsarejustaconvention###TheconceptsarearbitrarydivisionsandcategorizationsofhumanexperienceWhichofthefollowingstatementsare对aboutdiscoursesaccordingtoIanParker’s?()

A:Discoursesreproducepowerrelations.B:Discoursessupportinstitutions.C:Discoursesandtextsarethesamething.D:Discourseshaveideologicaleffects.答案:Discoursessupportinstitutions###Discoursesreproducepowerrelations###DiscourseshaveideologicaleffectsWhensocialconstructionistssay“Everythingpeopleconsiderrealissociallyconstructed”,theymean().

A:Thereisnothing.B:Thereisnoreality.C:Nothingisrealunlesspeopleagreethatitis.D:Wheneverpeopledefinereality,theyarespeakingfromaparticularstandpoint.答案:Wheneverpeopledefinereality,theyarespeakingfromaparticularstandpoint###NothingisrealunlesspeopleagreethatitisWhichofthefollowingstatementsare对aboutdiscoursesaccordingtoIanParker’s1992book?()

A:Adiscourseisaboutobjects.B:Adiscourseisacoherentsystemofmeanings.C:Adiscoursecontainssubjects.D:Adiscourseishistoricallylocated.答案:Adiscourseisaboutobjects###Adiscoursecontainssubjects###Adiscourseisacoherentsystemofmeanings###AdiscourseishistoricallylocatedWhichofthefollowingstatementsare对aboutcriticalreflexivity?()

A:Itmeansanunrelentingconcernwiththeblindingpotentialofthe“taken-for-granted”.B:Itrequiresustobepreparedtodoubteverythingwehaveacceptedasreal,对,right,necessary,oressential.C:Itisnecessarilyapreludetorejectingourmajortraditions.D:Itreferstotheattempttoplaceone’spremisesintoquestion,tosuspendthe“obvious”,tolistentoalternativeframingsofreality,andtograpplewiththecomparativeoutcomesofmultiplestandpoints.答案:Itmeansanunrelentingconcernwiththeblindingpotentialofthe“taken-for-granted”.;Itrequiresustobepreparedtodoubteverythingwehaveacceptedasreal,对,right,necessary,oressential.;Itreferstotheattempttoplaceone’spremisesintoquestion,tosuspendthe“obvious”,tolistentoalternativeframingsofreality,andtograpplewiththecomparativeoutcomesofmultiplestandpoints.AccordingtoJacquesDerrida,therelationshipofeachtermtoothertermsinalanguageismadeupoftwocomponents,including().

A:deferralB:presenceC:differenceD:absence答案:difference###deferralThepointsuponwhichstructuralismandpoststructuralismappeartobeinagreementinclude().

A:Ifwearelookingforexplanationsofthesocialworld,weshouldlooknotinsideindividualsbutoutintothelinguisticspaceinwhichtheymovewithotherpeople.B:Meaningisneverfixed.C:Thepersonisaproductoflanguageandsocialinteractions.D:Languageisasiteofvariability,disagreement,andpotentialconflict.答案:Thepersonisaproductoflanguageandsocialinteractions###Ifwearelookingforexplanationsofthesocialworld,weshouldlooknotinsideindividualsbutoutintothelinguisticspaceinwhichtheymovewithotherpeopleThepoststructuralistviewthatmeaningisneverfixedmeansthat().

A:Talk,writing,andsocialencountersaresitesofstruggleandconflict,wherepowerrelationsareactedoutandcontested.B:Themeaningofaterm,apassageinabook,oraquestionaddressedtousisalwaysopentoquestion.C:Words,sentences,poems,books,jokes,andsoonchangetheirmeaningovertime,fromcontexttocontextandfrompersontoperson.D:Languageisasiteofvariability,disagreement,andpotentialconflict.答案:Words,sentences,poems,books,jokes,andsoonchangetheirmeaningovertime,fromcontexttocontextandfrompersontoperson###Themeaningofaterm,apassageinabook,oraquestionaddressedtousisalwaysopentoquestion###Languageisasiteofvariability,disagreement,andpotentialconflict###Talk,writing,andsocialencountersaresitesofstruggleandconflict,wherepowerrelationsareactedoutandcontestedSocialconstructionistsproposethatourpracticesoflanguageareboundwithinrelationshipsandourrelationshipsareboundwithinbroaderpatternsofpractice.()

A:对B:错答案:对JacquesDerridasuggeststhathumanrationalityisintheendbothsuppressiveandempty.()

A:对B:错答案:对Discourseanalysisaimstorevealhowparticularaccountsofcertainpeopleoreventsareconstructedintextsandsearchforanyusefulnessthattheanalysisresultsmighthaveinbringingaboutchangeforthosewhoneedit.()

A:错B:对答案:对AccordingtoLudwigWittgenstein,wordsgaintheirmeaningthroughtherequirementsofthelanguagegame.()

A:错B:对答案:对AccordingtoIanParker’s1992book,discoursesarestatic.()

A:错B:对答案:错FerdinanddeSaussureproposesthattherelationshipbetweensignifiersandsignifiedsisultimatelyarbitrary.()

A:错B:对答案:对Discoursesarelocatedinsideparticularpeople.()

A:对B:错答案:错ForJohnAustin,somesentencesorutterancesareimportantnotbecausetheydescribethingsbutbecauseofwhattheydo.()

A:对B:错答案:对Fromasocialconstructioniststandpoint,thereisalwaysan“author”lyingbehindatextassourceandarbiterofa对meaning.()

A:对B:错答案:错AccordingtoMichelFoucault,thepowertoactinparticularways,toclaimresources,tocontrolorbecontrolleddependsuponthe“knowledges”currentlyprevailinginasociety.()

A:错B:对答案:对Discourseanalysisaimstorevealtheobjectivenatureofaphenomenonbyusingsomeobjectivescientificmethodandclaimtruthfulnessforthefindings.()

A:错B:对答案:错ThomasKuhn’sideaofparadigmbidsustodrawtheconclusionthatscientificknowledgeissomuchhotairandthatweshoulddisregardtheoutcomesofscience.()

A:错B:对答案:错Surroundinganyoneobject,event,person,etc.,theremaybeavarietyofdifferentdiscourses,eachwithadifferentstorytotellabouttheobjectinquestion,adifferentwayofrepresentingittotheworld.()

A:对B:错答案:对Anythingthatcanbe“read”formeaningcanbethoughtofasbeingamanifestationofoneormorediscoursesandcanbereferredtoasa“text”.()

A:错B:对答案:对Piecesofspeechorwritingcanbesaidtobelongtothesamediscoursetotheextentthattheyarepaintingthesamegeneralpictureoftheobjectinquestion.()

A:错B:对答案:对Discourseanalysisattemptstodiscoverwhetheratextisanaccurateortruthfulaccountofthepeopleoreventsdescribedinit.()

A:错B:对答案:错FerdinanddeSaussureproposesthatonceasignifierbecomesattachedtoasignified,thisrelationship,thougharbitrary,becomesfixed.()

A:错B:对答案:对Someclassesofaccountsaremerelydescriptivewhileothersaredeliberatelyconstructive.()

A:错B:对答案:错Ideologicalcritiquesuggeststhatnomatterhowtrustworthythesourceone’svaluesinevitablyleadonetoselectcertainwaysofputtingthingsandnotothers.()

A:错B:对答案:对Understandingsordescriptionsoftheworldsustainsomepatternsofsocialactionandexcludeothers.()

A:对B:错答案:错Socialconstructionismseeslanguageashavingagreatlyimportantroleinhumanlife:theverynatureofourselvesaspeople,ourthoughts,feelings,andexperiences,arealltheresultoflanguage.()

A:错B:对答案:对Discourseanalysisisintuitive,subjective,andinterpretativeinstyle.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确MichelFoucaultseestheemergenceandrisetoprominenceofparticulardiscoursesorknowledgesastheresultofintentionalmachinationsbypowerfulgroups.()

A:对B:错答案:错Becausepeople’sspeechandwritingareorientedtodifferentfunctions,theywillbehighlyvariable.()

A:对B:错答案:对MichelFoucaultseespowerassomeformofpossession,whichsomepeoplehaveandothersdonot.()

A:对B:错答案:错Thesocialconstructionistviewoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandthepersonholdsthatthepersoncannotpre-datelanguageandthatthepersonisconstructedthroughlanguage.()

A:错B:对答案:对Socialconstructionismupholdsthatthewaysinwhichwecommonlyunderstandtheworld,thecategoriesandconceptsweuse,arehistoricallyandculturallyspecific.()

A:对B:错答案:对In,PeterBergerandThomasLuckmannproposedthatthescientist’sprivateexperienceoftheworldcanbetracedtothesocialsphere.()

A:错B:对答案:对Fromtheperspectiveofsocialconstructionism,thethingspeoplesayandwritearemanifestationsof().

A:theperson’spersonalityB:theperson’sprivateexperienceC:theperson’stemperamentD:discourses答案:AI参考:从社会建构论的角度来看，人们所说的话和所写的东西是（）。\n\n正确答案是D：discourses。\n\n社会建构论认为语言是社会现象，是人们通过话语进行交流和建构意义的方式。因此，人们所说的话和所写的东西是话语的表现形式，而不是个性、个人经历或气质的表现。因此，选项D是正确答案。'Whichofthefollowingscholarmakesadistinctionbetweenthesignifierandthesignified?()

A:JürgenHabermasB:FerdinanddeSaussureC:LudwigWittgensteinD:EmilyMartin答案:AI参考:正确答案是B:FerdinanddeSaussure。\n\nFerdinanddeSaussure是结构主义语言学的代表人物，他在语言学中提出了“能指”（signifier）和“所指”（signified）的概念，并对此进行了区分。因此，答案为B。JürgenHabermas、LudwigWittgenstein和EmilyMartin虽然也是语言学领域的学者，但他们并没有对“能指”和“所指”进行明确的区分。'MichelFoucaultusestheterm()torefertotheparticularconstructionorversionofaphenomenonthathasreceivedthestampof“truth”inasociety.

A:“discourse”B:“text”C:“knowledge”D:“power”答案:AI参考:正确答案是A：“discourse”