Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom知识清单（七大知识题型）总梳理（原卷版）

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom知识清单（七大知识题型）·模块一课本词汇清单·模块二词汇详解清单·模块三重点短语清单·模块四重点句型清单·模块五重点知识清单·模块六重点语法清单·模块七书面表达清单·模块八重点知识讲练模块模块一课本词汇清单*

rubbish[ˈrʌbɪʃ]n.垃圾，废物takeouttherubbish倒垃圾*fold[fəʊld]v.对折，折叠*mess[mes]n.混乱，脏乱，食堂throw[θrəʊ]v.扔，投掷allthetime频繁，反复neither[ˈni:ðə]pron.adv.两者都不；也不*shirt[ʃə:t]n.运动衫，衬衫assoonas一…就…，尽快pass[pɑ:s]v.给；递；走过；通过borrow['bɒrəʊ]v.借，借用lend[lend]v.借给，借出*finger[ˈfiŋgə(r)]n.手指hate[heɪt]v.憎恶，讨厌*chore[tʃɔ:(r)]n.杂务，乏味的工作while[wail]conj.当...时候，而，然而*snack[snæk]n.小吃，点心，快餐stress[stres]n.精神压力，心理负担waste[weɪst]v.浪费，消耗inorderto目的是，为了provide[prə'vaid]v.提供，供给，供应anyway[ˈeniwei]adv.无论如何,不管怎样，而且depend[diˈpend]v.取决于，依靠，依赖dependon依靠于develop[dɪˈveləp]v.发展，壮大independent[ˌindiˈpendənt]adj.独立的；自主的independence[ˌɪndɪ'pendəns]n.独立fair[fɛə]adj.公平的，公正的unfair[ˌʌnˈfeə]adj.不公平的，有偏见的fairness[ˈfeənɪs]n.公正性，合理性since[sɪns]conj.因为，既然*neighbor[ˈneɪbə]n.邻居takecareof照顾，处理ill[ɪl]adj.生病的，有病的drop[drɔp]v.落下，跌落模块模块二词汇详解清单1.rubbishn.垃圾；废弃物（近义词）litter/waste/trashtakeouttherubbish倒垃圾rubbishbin垃圾桶trashbin/can垃圾桶2.foldv.折叠；对折（反义词）unfoldv.打开，展开foldtheclothes叠衣服3.sweepv.打扫（不规则动词）sweepswept（过去式）swept（过去分词）sweeping（现在分词）sweepthefloor扫地4.floorn.地板sweepthefloor扫地onthefirst/secondfloor在一/二楼5.messn.杂乱，不整洁beinamess乱七八糟makeamess(of)把…搞得一团糟cleanupthemess收拾烂摊子Whatamess!真是一团糟6.throwv.扔；掷（不规则动词）throwthrew（过去式）thrown（过去分词）throwing（现在分词）throwlitter扔垃圾throwaway扔掉，丢弃throwup呕吐；抛起7.allthetime频繁，反复与time相关的短语：intime及时ontime准时atthesametime同时fromtimetotime时不时，偶尔8.neitheradv.也不pron.两者都不neither…nor既不是…也不是…(表示两者之间的否定，反义词组both…and…“两者都”)neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语“某人也不…”neitherof…没有一个9.shirtn.衬衫10.assoonas一…就…（近义词组）themomentassoonaspossible尽快11.passv.给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth=passsthtosb.把某物递给某人passern.过路人；旅客；考试合格者passtheexam通过考试（反义词组）failtheexam没通过考试12.borrowv.借用borrowsthfromsb.向某人借某物e.g.Heborrowedsomemoneyfromher.他向她借了一些钱。（反义词）lendv.借出13.lendv.lendlent（过去式）lent（过去分词）lending（现在分词）lendsb.sth.=lendsthtosb.借给某人某物e.g.Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借给我一些钱吗？（反义词）borrowv.借进14.fingern.手指fingernail指甲盖fingertip指尖fingerprint指纹15.hatev.厌恶；讨厌hatetodo/doingsth.讨厌做某事（近义词）dislike（反义词）like16.choren.杂物；乏味无聊的工作（可数名词）dochores做家务=dohousework17.whileconj.与…同时；当…的时候；而；然而（近义词）when/as18.snackn.点心；小吃；快餐（可数名词）19.stressn.压力v.强调（近义词）pressuren.stressedadj.紧张的；感到有压力的bestressedout感到有压力的，紧张的stressfuladj.紧张的，有压力的20.wasten.浪费；垃圾v.浪费；滥用（近义词）rubbish/litter/trashn.（反义词）savev.节约21.inorderto(dosth.)目的是，为了e.g.Weshouldworkhardinordertopasstheexam.为了能通过考试，我们应该努力学习。（近义词组）soasto(dosth.)【只能用在句中】e.g.Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。inorderthat+从句“目的是…”e.g.Weshouldworkhardinorderthatwecanpasstheexam.为了能通过考试，我们应该努力学习。22.providev.提供；供应providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.e.g.Youshouldprovidegoodserviceforyourcustomers.你应该为你的顾客们提供好的服务。（近义词）offerv.offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.e.g.TheydecidedtoofferthejobtoJoe.他们决定把这份工作给Joe.23.anywayadv.而且；不论如何e.g.Ishallgoanyway.不论如何，我要走了。24.dependv.依靠，依赖dependon依赖，依靠，取决于e.g.Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.所有生物的生长都依赖于太阳dependencen.依赖dependentadj.依赖的independencen.独立independentadj.独立的（交际用语）It(all)depends.视情况而定25.developv.发展，壮大developdeveloped（过去分词）developed（过去分词）developing（现在分词）developedadj.发达的developingadj.发展中的developmentn.发展26.independencen.独立（反义词）dependencen.依赖independentadj.独立的dependentadj.依赖的dependv.依赖27.fairnessn.公正性；合理性（反义词）unfairnessn.不公正性；不合理性fairadj.公平的unfairadj.不公正的fairlyadv.公正地unfairlyadv.不公正地28.since因为（引导原因状语从句，相当于because）e.g.Sincethismethoddoesn’twork,let’stryanother.既然这种方法不行，我们就试试另外一种吧。自…以来（引导时间状语从句，多用于现在完成时，后接时间点）e.g.Shehasbeenworkinginabanksince2020.她从2020年开始就一直在银行上班。sincethen从那时候起29.neighborn.邻居neighborhoodn.地区intheneighborhoodof大约；在...附近30.takecareof照顾；处理（近义词组）lookafter/carefor（拓展）takecare当心，小心carefor(+sb.)喜欢careabout(+sth.)关注，在意，担忧31.illadj.有病的，不舒服的（近义词）sickadj.illnessn.疾病——sickness32.dropv.落下，掉下（近义词）fallv.droplitter扔垃圾模块模块三重点短语清单takeouttherubbish倒垃圾dothedishes洗餐具foldclothes叠衣服sweepthefloor扫地makeone’sbed铺床；整理床铺cleanthelivingroom打扫起居室gooutfordinner出去吃晚饭gotothemovies看电影gotothestore去商店getaride搭车takethedogforawalk遛狗dohousework做家务dochores做家务getsomethingtodrink喝些东西allthetime频繁；反复assoonas一......就......inorderto目的是；为了dependon依靠；信赖takecareof照顾；处理lookafter照顾stayout呆在外面helpout帮助解决workout算出；解决问题atleast至少asaresult结果workon从事；继续工作getinto进入getgoodgrades获得好成绩awasteof一种......的浪费haveatest测验；考试solvetheproblem解决问题throwdown扔下sitdown坐下eover过来；顺便来访eback回来walkaway走开insurprise吃惊地；惊讶地hangout闲逛finishdoingsth.完成做某事beenoughfor对......足够beangrywith对......生气invitesb.to邀请某人去hatetodosth.讨厌做makesb.dosth.使某人做letsb.dosth.让某人做某事asksb.todosth.让某人做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事doone’spartindoingsth.尽某人职责做havetimetodosth.有空做某事passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)没有必要做某事模块模块四重点句型清单1.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。◆theminute=assoonas：一......就......（引导时间状语从句）翻译：佩奇一吃完饭就想睡觉。____________________________________________Peggyalwayswantstosleeptheminuteshefinisheseatingsupper.2.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse.你一直看电视，在家从不帮忙。allthetime一直；总是eg.Heplaysputergamesallthetimewhichmakeshismotherangry.常见的time短语：不时；有时_______________/_______________________________及时______________准时______________立即；马上____________________随时_____________________同时_____________________________Keys:attimes/fromtimetotime;intime;ontime;innotime;atalltimes;atthesametime3.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。◆neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语某人(主语)也不(用于否定句)so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语某人(主语)也是(用于肯定句)注意：neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词使用就近原则eg.NeitherTomnorJimisastudent4.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析】spend...onsth在某事上花费......辨析：spend/pay/cost/take花费主语花费结构spendsbmoney/timesb.Spendtime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsthcoststhmoneysthcostsb+moneytakeit/doingsthtimeIttakes/tooksbtimetodosthdoingsthtakes/tooksbtimepaysbmoneypay(sb)moneyforsthpayforsth注意：cost还可以表示“值",常见用法:sth.costs(sb.)十时间做某事)花了(某人)多少时间例:Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost.并且不能用于被动句。5.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.【解析】provide为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事supply定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物6.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了【解析1】asaresult结果（位于句首，用逗号隔开，后跟表示结果的句子。）asaresultof由于；作为......的结果（后跟表示原因的名词性结构）Eg.WuDajingskatedveryfast,asaresult,hegotthegoldenmedalofthePyeongchangWinterOlympics.WuDajinggotthegoldenmedalofthePyeongchangWinterOlympicsasaresultofskatingveryfast.theresultof......的结果Hedidn’tknowtheresultofthepetition.【解析2】fall:系v，变得；后接adj；fallill生病；fallasleep入睡；fallinlovewith...爱上...实义动词；掉落；=dropfalloff掉落；falldown摔倒；fallbehind落后7.while的用法表示对比或转折，意为“而；然而”。此时while一般位于句中。Eg:Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenough.Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.引导时间状语从句，意为“当......的时候；和......同时”。此时两个动作同时发生，从句谓语动词通常是延续性动词。Eg:Whileshewasasleep,thethiefbrokeinandstoleherhandbag.引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。通常位于句首。Eg:Whilehewasinpoorhealth,hestillworkshard.虽然他身体不好，但他仍然努力工作。模块模块六重点语法清单情态动词could的用法原文再现：Tony,couldyoupleasehelpmeoutwithafewthings?托尼，你可以帮着做几件事情吗？Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？以上例句中，情态动词could用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，在时间上与can没有区别，语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用could.肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t()—Couldyouhelpmepassthebook?—___________.A.IamsorryB.No,Icouldn’tC.Yes,Icould.D.Sure.Hereyouare.【复习】could的其他用法：(1)could为can的过去式，表示能力。eg.Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?这个女孩上学前能识字吗？Hesaidthathecouldn’te.他说不能来了。(2)could可以表建议，意为“可以”，在时间上与can没有区别，语气比can更加委婉。没有人称和数的变化，其后直接跟动词原形。eg.Wecouldhelpthemcleantheclassroom.我们可以帮助他们打扫教室。Youcouldtryyourbesttohelptheoldpeople.你可以尽力去帮助老人。模块模块七书面表达清单你们外教想知道班里同学做家务的情况，作为班长你为此进行了一次调查。请你根据下表中的调查内容，给外教介绍一下调查结果，并谈谈你的观点。90词左右，可适当发挥。ThenumberofthestudentsChoresLikesordislikesReason20cleantheroominteresting10dothedishesboring5washclothesrelaxing,easy3×××____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________模块模块八重点知识讲练一、单项选择1．—Excuseme._______Isithere?—You’dbetternot.It’stheman’sseat.A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should2．—__________Igotothemovietonight?—No.YoumuststudyforyourEnglishtesttomorrow.A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could3．—Jenny,________Ijointheschoolmusicclub?—Ofcourse,youcan.A．can B．must C．need D．might4．—Ihopetoworkoutsideonweekends.—Ithinkyou________helptocleanupthecityparks.A．must B．haveto C．could D．can5．—YouknowIwanttocheerupsickkids.—You________askhospitaltoletyouvisitthekids.A．need B．must C．could D．would6．—Excuseme,________youpleasesayitagain?Ididn’thearyouclearly.—Yes,ofcourse.A．could B．should C．need D．must7．—________Iusetheputer,Mom?—Yes,youcan.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Would8．—CouldIuseyourputer?—________I’mgoingtouseitmyself.A．Sorry,youcan’t. B．Sure,youcan. C．No,youcouldn’t. D．Noproblem.9．Thelovelyboy________ridethebikeattheageofsix.A．must B．could C．need D．should10．—________youpleasenotthrowtherubbisheverywhere?—Sorry,Iwillpickitup.A．Can B．Must C．Could D．May11．Tom________lifttheheavyboxbyhimself,soheaskedhisfriendforhelp.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t12．—Couldyoupleasehelpmefoldtheclothes,Tom?—Sure,I________,UncleLee.I________foldmyownTshirtsattheageoffour.A．can;cou1d B．could;could C．can;can D．could;can13．—________youhelpmemovethistable?It’stooheavy.—Noproblem.A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need14．—Mr.Gao,________youetoourschoolshowthisFriday?—Sorry.Ihavetogototheweeklymeeting.A．can B．must C．need D．should15．Wewillbeabletobuyanewcarnextyear.A．should B．can C．may D．must16．—________youetomyparty?—Sorry,I’mnotavailable.I________studyforthemathtest.A．Can;must B．Must;can C．May;can D．Can;may17．—John,________youpleasetakeoutthetrash?—OK,Mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A．must B．should C．could D．need18．—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Ofcourseyou________.A．could B．will C．should D．can19．HelenKeller________seeaftergettingillwhenshewasyoung,butthroughherhardwork,she________beawriter.A．couldn’t;wasableto B．wasableto;couldn’tC．wasableto;wasableto D．couldn’t;couldn’t20．—Mum,Iwantsomesnacks,notthesandwich!—Mydear,don’tforgetthatyou________fallillwithouteatingmuchunhealthyfoodlastweek.A．may B．must C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t二、单词拼写21．Don’t(wasteful)yourtime.It’ssovaluable.22．It’sa(wastes)oftimetoplayputergamesallthetime.23．I(依靠)onmyselfwhenIworkoutthemathproblems.24．Thefactoryhasproducedalotof(垃圾),sotheenvironmentisverydirtyaroundit.25．Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparksand(研制；制定)otherplans.26．—Couldyoupleasetakeoutther?—Sure,Mom.27．Whenwinteres,thetemperaturewill(下落；跌落)belowzeroinmyhometown.28．（既然）itisasunnyday,whataboutgoingclimbingtogether?29．Lifeseemssosometimes.(fair)30．(都不)ofhisparentsagreeswithhim.31．Idon’tminddoingchores.Ithinkitcanhelpteenagerstounderstandtheideaof(公平).32．Thankyoufor(提供)someusefuladviceforme.33．Bob’sbikeisbroken.Yoursister(lend)herbiketohim.34．Thelittlegirlhastohergrandparentswhenherparentsareout.(照顾)35．MoreandmoreChineseparentsaregettingtoknowtheimportanceofdevelopingchildren’s(depend).三、完形填空ItwasSaturday.Afterdinner,Marywouldliketoseeafilmwithher36.Buthermothersaid,“Couldyoupleasedothedishes,Mary?Ihavetogoto37yourbrother.”Mary’sbrotherMikewasillin38.Herfatherworkedinanothertownandhewasvery39andco