安徽省十联考高三上学期期末联考英语试卷

合肥一中2024届高三上学期期末质量检测卷英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inastore.2.Whenwillthemanshowhishorse?A.OnSunday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnFriday.3.Whatdidthewomanchoose?A.Physics.B.Biology.C.Geology.4.Howlongwilltheman’sfriendswaitforhim?A.15minutes.B.30minutes.C.45minutes.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hismomlovescats.B.Hecan’thelpthistime.C.Thewomanshouldstay.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelovesfootballverymuch.B.Shefindsfootballrulesconfusing.C.SheneverwatchesfootballonTV.7.WhatwillthespeakersdoonFriday?A.Studyathome.B.WatchTVtogether.C.Gotoafootballmatch.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Watchaprogram.B.Studyabroad.C.Learntoplaysports.9.Whichcountryistheman’stopchoice?A.Italy.B.Australia.C.Spain.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman’shusbanddoing?A.Orderingfood.B.Fishinginalake.C.Parkinghiscar.11.Whatistherestaurantmostfamousfor?A.Itsfreshseafood.B.Itsexcellentsteaks.C.Itsbeautifulmountainviews.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takeanorder.B.Callherhusband.C.Gototheladies’room.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdoesthemansayabouttheMontessoriapproach?A.Itencouragescreativity.B.Itrequiresalotoftraining.C.Itgiveskidsmoreplaytime.14.Whyisthewomanunabletoparticipateinthetrainingthisweekend?A.Shehastowork.B.Shehastohostaparty.C.Shehastovisitherfriends.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutchangingherteachingstyle?A.Uninterested.B.Excited.C.Worried.16.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Trainerandtrainee.C.Neighbors.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatpercentageoftheAmazonrainforestisinPeru?A.10%.B.13%.C.60%.18.HowmanypeopleliveintheAmazon?A.About5million.B.Morethan30million.C.Above55million.19.WhatisthebiggestcauseforthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesintheAmazon?A.Diseases.B.Badweather.C.Humanactivities.20.Whatdoesthespeakercallforustodo?A.MakejointefforttoprotecttheAmazon.B.Findoutnewreplacementsintheworld.C.Makebetteruseoftheherbsintherainforest.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADuringChineseNewYear,ortheSpringFestival,grandcelebrationstakeplaceallovertheworld.Wearenowlookingforphotosandvideosofmemorablemomentsfromthecelebrations.Regardlessofwhoyouareorwhereyouarefrom,youareweletoparticipateinthiscontest.AwardsandprizesThecontestwillselect50photos:Firstprize:5persons,RMB2,000foreachwinner;Secondprize:15persons,RMB1,000foreachwinner;Thirdprize:30persons,RMB600foreachwinner.Thecontestwillalsoselect10shortfilms:Firstprize:RMB5,000forthewinner;Secondprize:3persons,RMB3,000foreachwinner;Thirdprize:6persons,RMB2,500foreachwinner.TimelineSubmission:fromDecember20,2023toFebruary12,2024;Selectionandranking:fromFebruary13toMay15,2024;Resultannouncement:June30,2024.Requirements1.Photocontest:a)Entriescanbesinglephotosoraseriesofphotos.Aseriesofphotosiscountedasoneentryandeachseriesmaycontainfourtotenphotos;b)Eachentryshouldhaveatitleandashortdescription(suchastime,placeandpeopleinthephoto)inChineseorEnglish;2.Shortfilmcontest:a)Thevideosshouldbereal;b)Dubbing(配音)couldbeinChineseorEnglish,butsubtitles(字幕)shouldbeinChineseandEnglish;c)Size:1GBmaximum,lessthan4minutes.ContactAllentriescanbeuploadedto:orbeemailedto:.1.Howmanywinnerswillbeselectedfromthevideomakersforthirdprize?A.3. B.5. C.6. D.30.2.Whatisthedeadlineforthesubmission?A.December20,2023. B.February12,2024.C.February13,2024. D.May15,2024.3.Whatisarequirementforthecontest?A.Allentriesshouldbereal.BTheparticipantsshouldbeChinese.C.ThephotosorfilmsshouldbeshotinChina.D.Theminimumnumberofaphotoseriesshouldbeten.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个征集中国春节庆祝活动中难忘时刻的比赛，涵盖照片和视频两个类别，包括奖项设置、奖金、截止时间和要求等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Awardsandprizes下视频比赛方面的“Thirdprize:6persons,RMB2,500foreachwinner.(三等奖：6人，每人奖励人民币2500元)”可知，将从视频制作者中选出6名授予三等奖。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Timeline中“Submission:fromDecember20,2023toFebruary12,2024(投稿时间：2023年12月20日至2024年2月12日)”可知，投稿的截止时间是2024年2月12日。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Requirements下照片比赛方面的第二点“Eachentryshouldhaveatitleandashortdescription(suchastime,placeandpeopleinthephoto)inChineseorEnglish(每件作品应有中文或英文标题，以及如照片中的时间、地点、人物等的简短说明)”和视频比赛方面的第一点“Thevideosshouldbereal(视频应该是真实的)”可知，照片作品需要提供真实的时间、地点、人物等信息，视频作品需是真实的，即参赛作品都需要是真实的。故选A项。BItwasJunewhenIvisitedAmerica’smostfamouspond,Walden,inMassachusetts.Itwasstilltooearlyforthesummercrowdsofbeachgoersandholidaymakers.TheonlypeoplebesidesphotographerTimLamanandmewereafewswimmersandalonerunnertakinginthemorningfreshair.Atthemoment,WaldenhadtheairofpeaceHenryDavidThoreausogreatlyprized.Thoreaubuilthiscabinherein1845asaplacetowrite,andariverofthoughtsandwordsbegantoflow,continuingfor17yearsuntilhisdeath.MorethantwohundredyearsafterhisbirthonJuly12,1817,hiswordsstillinspire:“IetothewoodsbecauseIwishtounderstandthemostimportantfactsoflife.Idon’twanttodiscoverthatIhavenotlivedwhenIdie.”IstillhaveaTshirtprintedwithantsandsuchwords:“Itisnotenoughtobebusy.Soaretheants.Thequestionis:Whatarewebusyabout?”WhatIhaveetolovemostaboutThoreauisthatforhimthenaturalworldspeaksnotonlyingrandsettingslikebeautifulmountainsandancientforests,butalsoinordinaryplaceslikeponds,parksandbackyards.“Ietomywoodlandwalkasthehomesickgohome,”wroteThoreauinhisjournal.Soithasbeenforthosewhofollowinhisphilosophicalfootsteps:Wefindourselvesweddedtotheworldwhereverwehappentobe.Myplaceofsolitude(独处)isapathinurbanAuckland,NewZealand.IwalkthereinthesamespiritthatThoreauwalkedhiswoodlandtrails,enjoyingaconversationwithnaturewithinearshotofahighway.ForThoreau,suchmomentsusuallyhappenedwhenhewasalone.Forthiskindofwalking,Thoreaupreferredtheword“awakening”:shakingoffsocialandculturalburdenstoenjoythewildnessofthenaturalworld.ThiswasThoreau’sconclusionafterhistwoyearstayinthewoods,andthiswashisconclusiontoWalden.4.WhendidHenryDavidThoreaupassaway?A.In1817. B.In1834. C.In1845. D.In1862.5.Whatdothewordsprintedontheauthor’sTshirtmostprobablymean?A.Everyoneshouldbeasbusyasants. B.Weshouldhaveapurposeinourlife.C.Ants’workshouldnotbequestioned. D.Workableschedulesareveryimportant.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4and5?A.HenryDavidThoreaumightjusthappentofindWalden.B.WaldenwasAmerica’smostfamouspondinthe1820s.C.Peaceofmindcanonlybefoundinbeautifulplaces.D.Weshouldbedissatisfiedwithwhatlifegivesus.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’s“Walden”?A.Wild. B.Deep. C.Noisy. D.Dangerous.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在参观瓦尔登湖时的所见、所思、所感。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thoreaubuilthiscabinherein1845asaplacetowrite,andariverofthoughtsandwordsbegantoflow,continuingfor17yearsuntilhisdeath.(1845年，梭罗在这里建造了自己的小屋，作为写作的地方，思想和文字的河流开始流淌，一直持续了17年，直到他去世。)”可知，HenryDavidThoreau是在1845+17=1862年去世的。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thequestionis:Whatarewebusyabout?(问题是：我们在忙什么？”)”可推断，作者认为人活着应该有个目的。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Ietomywoodlandwalkasthehomesickgohome,”wroteThoreauinhisjournal.Soithasbeenforthosewhofollowinhisphilosophicalfootsteps:Wefindourselvesweddedtotheworldwhereverwehappentobe.(梭罗在日记中写道：“我来到林中散步，就像思乡之人回家一样。”对于那些追随他哲学脚步的人来说，情况也是如此：无论我们身在何处，我们都发现自己与这个世界紧密相连。)”可推断，HenryDavidThoreau选在瓦尔登湖这个地方度过余生应该是偶然的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Myplaceofsolitude(独处)isapathinurbanAuckland,NewZealand.IwalkthereinthesamespiritthatThoreauwalkedhiswoodlandtrails,enjoyingaconversationwithnaturewithinearshotofahighway.(我独处的地方是新西兰奥克兰市区的一条小路。我走在那里，就像梭罗走在他的林地小径上一样，享受着在高速公路耳边与大自然的对话。)”可推断，作者的瓦尔登湖是比较喧闹的，因为它位于闹市里的马路边。故选C。COnthesecondfloorofMinkevanWingerden’sfloatingfarminRotterdam,thecowssometimeswanderovertoamachinethatautomaticallymilksthem,orshyoutofthewayofarobotremovingtheirwastethatwillbeturnedintoorganicfertilizerforthevegetablesgrownonthefirstfloor.“Wecallourfarmrecyclinglady,”saysMinkevanWingerden,whohasrecentlyopenedasmallshopondrylandnexttothefloatingfarmtosellthevegetables,milk,cheeseandbutterproducedthere.Floatingfarmingisn’tanentirelynewidea.EffortstoputagricultureonorinthewaterareasoldastheAztecs,whobuiltartificialislandstogrowfoodlongagoinwhat’snowMexico.Butit’saconceptthatisgettingnewattentionasawayofdealingwithbothfoodsecurityandthechallengesofclimatechange.Anditdoesn’thavetobeaswellequippedasWingerden’sfloatingfarm,whichcameaboutaftershewitnessedthefoodshortagesinNewYorkafterHurricaneSandyhitthecityin2012.“Whenyouhavefloatingfarms,youareclimateadaptive,”saidWingerden.“Itisalsosensibleforyoutotakefresher,healthierfoodclosetocities.”DanielPetrovics,aresearcherattheUniversityofAmsterdam,saidthesuccessoffloatingfarmswillvarybyregion.“Contributingtothesustainabilityofurbanfoodsystemsisachallengefloatingfarmshaveinmonwithvertical(垂直的)farms.Idon’tthinkthisprojectiscosteffectiveenoughtobepopularized,either,”hesaid.“Asamethodtoadapttoclimatechange,itismuchcheapertoinvestinfloatinghousingratherthanfloatingfarmssincemuchoftheworld’spopulationlivesincoastalareas,whileonlyasmallpercentageofthesemunitiesfarminareasthatmightbethreatenedbysealevelrisecausedbyclimatechange.”8.WhyaretheAztecsmentionedinthetext?A.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation. B.Tosumuptheaboveparagraphs.C.Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion. D.Toprovideadviceforthefarmers.9.WhatisMinkevanWingerden’smaingoalofsettingupthefloatingfarm?A.Torecyclethewasteincities. B.Toincreaseurbanfoodsecurity.CTopetewithverticalfarming. D.Tofindalowcostfarmingmethod.10.WhatdidDanielPetrovicssayabouttheverticalfarms?A.Theyareverylikelytobewidelyadoptedincities.B.Theyareapracticalsolutiontourbanfoodshortage.C.Theyaretoocostlytobepopularizedinthenearfuture.D.Theycanbehelpfulinthefightagainstclimatechange.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AreFloatingFarmstheFuture? B.AreOrganicProductsHealthier?C.HowCanWeProduceEnoughFood? D.WhatAreFloatingFarms’Advantages?【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹一家水上农场以及专家对水上农场的质疑。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Floatingfarmingisn’tanentirelynewidea.EffortstoputagricultureonorinthewaterareasoldastheAztecs,whobuiltartificialislandstogrowfoodlongagoinwhat’snowMexico.(水上农场并不是一个全新的想法。在水上或水中种植农业的努力与阿兹特克人一样古老，他们很久以前就在现在的墨西哥建造了人工岛来种植粮食)”可推知，作者提到阿兹特克人是为了给水上农场提供一些背景知识。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Anditdoesn’thavetobeaswellequippedasWingerden’sfloatingfarm,whichcameaboutaftershewitnessedthefoodshortagesinNewYorkafterHurricaneSandyhitthecityin2012.(而且它不一定要像温格登的水上农场那样装备精良。2012年飓风桑迪袭击纽约后，温格登目睹了纽约的粮食短缺)”以及第五段““Whenyouhavefloatingfarms,youareclimateadaptive,”saidWingerden.“Itisalsosensibleforyoutotakefresher,healthierfoodclosetocities.”(“当你有水上农场时，你就能适应气候，”温格登说。“在城市附近吃更新鲜、更健康的食物也是明智的。”)”可知，MinkevanWingerden认为建立水上农场的主要目标是加强城市粮食的安全性。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Idon’tthinkthisprojectiscosteffectiveenoughtobepopularized,either,”hesaid.

(“我认为这个项目的成本效益也不足以推广，”他说)”可知，DanielPetrovics觉得垂直农场的成本高，取得的效益不足以推广。由此推知，DanielPetrovics觉得垂直农场太昂贵了，在不久的将来不会普及。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文以及最后一段的“Contributingtothesustainabilityofurbanfoodsystemsisachallengefloatingfarmshaveinmonwithvertical(垂直的)farms.Idon’tthinkthisprojectiscosteffectiveenoughtobepopularized,either,”hesaid.(“为城市粮食系统的可持续性做出贡献是水上农场与垂直农场共同面临的挑战。我认为这个项目的成本效益也不足以推广，”他说)”可知，文章主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的一家水上农场以及专家对水上农场的质疑。由此可知，“水上农场是未来的趋势吗？”适合作本文的标题。故选A。DInourdailylife,ithasneverbeeneasiertounderstandtime:TheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)broadcaststhetimetopointsacrossthecountryandthenit’sfedthroughputernetworksandcellphonetowerstoourpersonaldevices.ThetimefromNISTkeepssocietyorganizedandincreaseseconomicproductivity.“Growingup,alotofusarefedwiththisconceptofabsolutetime,”saysChandaPrescodWeinstein,atheoreticalphysicistattheUniversityofNewHampshire.“Butthetimewe’reexperiencingisasocialconstruct.Realtimeissomethingquitedifferent.InsomeofthecornersoftheUniverse,spaceandtimecanstretchandslowandsometimesevenbreakdownpletely.”Formanypeople,hisideaoftimeisunbelievable.Buttruetimeisactuallymuchmoreflexiblethanmostpeoplerealize.AccordingtoEinstein’sgeneraltheoryofrelativity,spaceandtimearetiedtogether,andspacetimecanbendandcurve(弯曲).Astimestretches,itslows.Thebestknownforcethatstretchestimeisgravity.Themoregravitysomebodyexperiences,theslowertimepassesforthemwhenparedtosomeoneinalowergravitationalfield.Inplaceswheregravityisverystrong,timeasweunderstandcanbreakdownpletely.Attheedgeofblackholes,forexample,thegargantuangravitationalpullslowstimedramatically.“Uponcrossingtheblackhole’spointofnoreturn,knownasitseventhorizon,youendupinaregionwheretimebreaksdownentirely,”Weinsteinsays.“Atthatpointtimehasnorealmeaning.Thereisnodirection.Thereisnofuture.”ThescientistsatNISTarewellawareofalltheproblemswithtime.“Justashumanskeepimprovingtheirmaps,wemustimproveourclocks.BetterclockscanmakeGPSmoreaccurate,puternetworksfaster,andmuch,muchmore,”saysJohnKitching,oneoftheNISTscientists.“Butit’sprettyhardtodefinetimeinasatisfactoryway.”KitchingagreeswithWeinsteinthattimeasweexperienceitisatechnologyratherthanafundamentalpartoftheUniverse.“Fromaphysicssense,itdoesn’thavethatmuchvalue,”heconcludes.12.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheproblemswithNISTtime. B.Theneedtokeeptimeaccurate.C.Thechallengestodefinetime. D.Thestrangefeaturesofrealtime.13.Whatdoestheword“gargantuan”underlinedinparagraph4mean?A.Powerful. B.Gentle. C.Straight. D.Careless.14.Whatwillhappentotimeattheeventhorizon?A.Itwillbetiedtospace. B.Itbeestotallymeaningless.C.Itjustpointstothefuture. D.Itusuallyslowsdownsharply.15.Accordingtothetext,thetimefromNISTis______.A.basedontherealtime B.oflittlevalueC.amanmademeasurement D.hardtounderstand【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了相对时间的一些奇异的特性。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Formanypeople,hisideaoftimeisunbelievable.Buttruetimeisactuallymuchmoreflexiblethanmostpeoplerealize.AccordingtoEinstein’sgeneraltheoryofrelativity,spaceandtimearetiedtogether,andspacetimecanbendandcurve(弯曲).Astimestretches,itslows.(对许多人来说，他的时间观念是难以置信的。但真正的时间实际上比大多数人意识到的要灵活得多。根据爱因斯坦的广义相对论，空间和时间是紧密相连的，时空可以弯曲和弯曲。随着时间的延长，它变慢了)”可知，本段主要是介绍相对时间的一些奇特属性，比如它和空间纠缠在一起、它能弯曲及变慢等。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Themoregravitysomebodyexperiences,theslowertimepassesforthemwhenparedtosomeoneinalowergravitationalfield.(一个人受到的引力越大，与处于较低引力场中的人相比，他们的时间过得越慢。)”及画线词后“slowstimedramatically.(减慢了时间)”可推断，gargantuan意为“强大的”，因为只有重力非常大时，时间才会显著变慢。A.Powerful强大的；B.Gentle温和的；C.Straight笔直的；D.Careless粗心的。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Atthatpointtimehasnorealmeaning.Thereisnodirection.Thereisnofuture.(在那个时候，时间没有真正的意义。没有方向。没有未来。)”可知，在eventhorizon时间会变得毫无意义。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“KitchingagreeswithWeinsteinthattimeasweexperienceitisatechnologyratherthanafundamentalpartoftheUniverse.(Kitching同意Weinstein的观点，即我们所经历的时间是一种技术，而不是宇宙的基本组成部分)”可知，NIST报出的绝对时间只是一种非常有用的“人造物”。但它根本不是宇宙的基本属性。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoCreateConnectionandDriveAwayLonelinessAroundtheglobe,about1in4adultssaystheyfeelsociallydisconnected.Herearesometipsthatmayhelpcreateaninvitingatmospheretogetconnectedwithothers.___16___It’seasiertoconnectwithpeopleifyouhavesharedinterestsorexperiences.___17___.Itmayleadyoutoactivitiesorcreativeoutletsthatconnectyoutopeoplewhoshareyourinterests.Inshort,knowingyourselfisthefirststeptobondwithothers.MakesomethingWhenwesay“makesomething”,peopleimmediatelysay,“Well,I’mnotPicasso.Idon’tknowhowtodoafancypainting.”Ofcourse,you’renot!___18___.Trytodanceorplantaherbgarden.Anythingthatshowstootherswhoyouarewilldo.TakeariskbyhavingconversationsTrytosharesomethingaboutyourselfandseewhereitgoes.Itdoesn’thavetobethebiggestordarkestsecretofyourlife,butjustsomethingyouthinkotherpeoplemightfindinterestingwilldo.Sure,puttingyourselfouttheremaybealittlebitrisky.___19___.Ifyoucanopenupandshareyourthoughtsandfeelingsinproperways,otherpeoplewilldothesameinreturn.It’slikeanelectriccircuit.___20___.A.HaveaconnectionwithyourselfB.FindagroupthatmatchesyourinterestsC.Eventually,youwillfeelsociallyconnectedD.However,it’sanecessarysteptoagenuineconnectionE.ButtheopportunitiesforselfexpressionareendlessF.Followingyournaturalcuriosity,youmayfindsomethingnewG.Sostartwithpayingattentiontowhat’smeaningfulorfunforyourself【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.D20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个与他人建立联系、战胜孤独的办法。【16题详解】文章结构分析可知，设空处为小标题；通读本小节，尤其是根据最后一句“Inshort,knowingyourselfisthefirststeptobondwithothers.(简而言之，了解自己是与他人建立联系的第一步)”可知，本段主要阐述与他人建立联系首先要了解自己；A选项“Haveaconnectionwithyourself(与自己建立联系)”指出应该首先与自己建立联系，即了解自己的兴趣爱好，符合本小节主旨，适合作为本节的标题。故选A。【17题详解】根据空前“It’seasiertoconnectwithpeopleifyouhavesharedinterestsorexperiences.(如果你们有共同的兴趣或经历，就更容易与人建立联系。)”以及下文“Itmayleadyoutoactivitiesorcreativeoutletsthatconnectyoutopeoplewhoshareyourinterests.(它可能会引导你开展活动或创意渠道，将你与和你有共同兴趣的人联系起来)”可知，与有共同兴趣或经历的人更容易建立联系，因此，首先要关注自己感兴趣或者自己觉得有趣的事情，然后去参加相关活动，就能和有共同兴趣的人建立联系；G选项“Sostartwithpayingattentiontowhat’smeaningfulorfunforyourself(因此，从关注对自己有意义或有趣的事情开始)”与上文构成因果关系，在上下文之间起到了过渡作用，符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】上文“Whenwesay“makesomething”,peopleimmediatelysay,“Well,I’mnotPicasso.Idon’tknowhowtodoafancypainting.”Ofcourse,you’renot!(当我们说‘做点什么’的时候，人们马上会说，‘好吧，我不是毕加索。我不知道怎么画一幅花式画。’当然，你不是!)”作者指出我们当然不是毕加索，也无法像他那样去创作伟大的作品；下文“Trytodanceorplantaherbgarden.Anythingthatshowstootherswhoyouarewilldo.(试着跳舞或种植一个草本花园。任何能向别人展示你自己的事都可以)”作者用跳舞或种植花园来举例说明你可以去做任何可以向别人展示你自己的事情，而且这样的事情很多，也不难；E项“Buttheopportunitiesforselfexpressionareendless(自我表达的机会多得是)”与上文构成转折关系，指出你不是毕加索，但是可以表达自己、展示自己的机会很多，符合语境，选项中的“selfexpression”与下文中的“showstootherswhoyouare”表达意思一致。故选E。【19题详解】根据小标题“Takeariskbyhavingconversations(冒险进行对话)”以及第一句“Trytosharesomethingaboutyourselfandseewhereitgoes.(试着分享一些关于你自己的事情，看看会发生什么)”可知本段建议分享一些自己的事情；空前“Sure,puttingyourselfouttheremaybealittlebitrisky.(当然，把自己事情说出去可能有点冒险)”指出把自己的事情告诉别人可能有点冒险；D选项“However,it’sanecessarysteptoagenuineconnection(然而，这是建立真正关系的必要步骤)”与上文构成转折关系，指出分享一些自己的事情可能有点冒险，但是这是建立真正联系的必要一步，选项中的“it”指代上文中的“puttingyourselfout”。故选D。【20题详解】上文“Ifyoucanopenupandshareyourthoughtsandfeelingsinproperways,otherpeoplewilldothesameinreturn.It’slikeanelectriccircuit.(如果你能敞开心扉，以适当方式分享你的想法和感受，其他人也会这样做。就像电路一样)”指出，如果你敞开心扉以适当的方式分享你的想法和感受，别人也会以同样的方式回应；C选项“Eventually,youwillfeelsociallyconnected(最终，你就能和别人建立社交联系)”承接上文，指出最终就能建立社交联系，呼应了文章的开头，再一次点明了文章的主题。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Withhundredsoftonsofunsoldvegetablesandfruitssenttolandfillsattheendofeachmarketday,theCentraldeAbastoshasbeethelargestsourceoffoodwasteinMexicoCity.WhenDePazFuentesnoticedthe___21___,hepartneredwiththemarkettoturnthewastedfoodinto___22___forthehungry.Since2020,hisprogram,theItacate,has___23___themarket’sdailyfoodwasteby24%and___24___almost800tonsoffoodtosoupkitchensacrossthecity.“Effortslikethisare___25___,”saysGutiérrez,whoisoneofthebusinessmentakingpartintheprogram.“Now,ifIhavetoomanyvegetablesandwon’tbeableto___26___them,IcalltheItacate.”WhenGutiérrezmakesthecall,avolunteer___27___atGutiérrez’sshopandhelpsdistributetheunsold___28___amongthecity’s450soupkitchens,which___29___80,000mealsaday.JustacrossthestreetfromtheCentraldeAbastosisoneofthecity’slargestsoupkitchens.There,LeonardoBautista,62,iseatinglunchaftera(n)___30___cleaningonionsandgreentomatoesatthemarket.Thesoupkitchenistheonlyplacewherehecangeta(n)___31___mealnearhisworkplace.“It’s___32___toeatatthemarket,”heexplains,“about$3.50forlunch,whichisalmosthalfofmydailysalary.”Someshopowners___33___theyarefamiliarwiththeprogram,butstilloftenthrowaway___34___foodbecauseittakestoomuchtimetomakea___35___.21.A.market B.trap C.problem D.position22.A.meals B.chemicals C.drinks D.ruins23.A.produced B.reduced C.bought D.buried24.A.planted B.cut C.lost D.delivered25.A.meaningful B.wasteful C.troublesome D.perfect26.A.grow B.sell C.decline D.count27.A.signsup B.checksout C.showsup D.givesin28.A.fruits B.chickens C.cakes D.vegetables29.A.purchase B.serve C.destroy D.need30.A.morning B.day C.evening D.afternoon31.A.tasty B.sweet C.unacceptable D.affordable32.A.hot B.inconvenient C.expensive D.fun33.A.apologize B.think C.realize D.admit34.A.poisonous B.eatable C.cold D.cheap35.A.donation B.call C.profit D.living【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了DePazFuentes利用墨西哥市最大的果蔬批发市场卖不出去的产品救济穷人的事迹。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到这个问题时，他与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成了饥饿者的食物。A.market市场；B.trap陷阱；C.problem问题；D.position位置。根据前文的“Withhundredsoftonsofunsoldvegetablesandfruitssenttolandfillsattheendofeachmarketday,theCentraldeAbastoshasbeethelargestsourceoffoodwasteinMexicoCity.”可知，在每个市场日结束时，数百吨未售出的蔬菜和水果被送往垃圾填埋场，阿巴斯托斯中心已成为墨西哥城最大的食物垃圾来源，所以德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到的是这个问题。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到这个问题时，他与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成了饥饿者的食物。A.meals食物；B.chemicals化学品；C.drinks饮料；D.ruins废墟。根据前文的“turnthewastedfoodinto”和后文“forthehungry”可知，他与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成了饥饿者的食物。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，他的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%，并向全市各地的施粥处运送了近800吨食物。A.produced生产；B.reduced减少；C.bought买；D.buried埋葬。根据前文的“hepartneredwiththemarkettoturnthewastedfoodinto2forthehungry.”和后文“themarket’sdailyfoodwasteby24%”可知，他的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，他的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%，并向全市各地的施粥处运送了近800吨食物。A.planted种植；B.cut切割；C.lost丢失；D.delivered运送。根据后文的“almost800tonsoffoodtosoupkitchensacrossthecity.”可知，他的Itacate项目向全市各地的施粥处运送了近800吨食物。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这样的努力是有意义的，”Gutiérrez说，他是参加这个项目的商人之一。A.meaningful有意义的；B.wasteful浪费的；C.troublesome麻烦的；D.perfect完美的。根据前文的“Since2020,hisprogram,theItacate,has3themarket’sdailyfoodwasteby24%and4almost800tonsoffoodtosoupkitchensacrossthecity.”和后文“whoisoneofthebusinessmentakingpartintheprogram”可知，Itacate项目是有意义的，Gutiérrez是参加这个项目的商人之一，认为这样的努力是有意义的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我有太多蔬菜卖不出去，我就打给Itacate。A.grow生长；B.sell出售；C.decline下降；D.count计数。根据前文的“theItacate,has3themarket’sdailyfoodwasteby24%and4almost800tonsoffoodtosoupkitchensacrossthecity.”和后文“IcalltheItacate”可知，Itacate项目将卖不出去的蔬菜向全市各地的施粥处运送，所以Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打给Itacate。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打了，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天供应8万顿饭。A.signsup注册；B.checksout检查；C.showsup出现；D.givesin屈服。根据后文的“atGutiérrez’sshopandhelpsdistributetheunsold8amongthecity’s450soupkitchens”可知，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打了，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天供应8万顿饭。A.fruits水果；B.chickens鸡；C.cakes蛋糕；D.vegetables蔬菜。根据前文的“ifIhavetoomanyvegetablesandwon’tbeableto6them,IcalltheItacate.”可知，Gutiérrez说如果自己有太多蔬菜卖不出去，就打给Itacate，所以志愿者帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打了，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店里，帮助将未售出的蔬菜分发到全市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天供应8万顿饭。A.purchase购买；B.serve供应；C.destroy摧毁；D.need需要。根据后文的“80,000mealsaday”可知，这些厨房每天供应8万顿饭。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，62岁的莱昂纳多·包蒂斯塔正在吃午饭，他在市场上清理了一个上午的洋葱和绿西红柿。A.morning上午；B.day白天；C.evening晚上；D.afternoon下午。根据前文的“There,LeonardoBautista,62,iseatinglunchafter”和后文“cleaningonionsandgreentomatoesatthemarket”可知，莱昂纳多·包蒂斯塔正在吃午饭，因此他在市场上清理洋葱和绿西红柿是上午的事情。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：流动厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近买得起饭的地方。A.tasty美味的；B.sweet甜的；C.unacceptable不可接受的；D.affordable买得起的。根据前文的““It’s12toeatatthemarket,”heexplains,“about$3.50forlunch,whichisalmosthalfofmydailysalary.””可知，在市场上吃饭很贵，所以流动厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近买得起饭的地方。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在市场上吃饭很贵，”他解释说，“一顿午餐大约3.5美元，这几乎是我一天工资的一半。”A.hot热的；B.inconvenient不方便的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.fun有趣的。根据后文的“about$3.50forlunch,whichisalmosthalfofmydailysalary”可知，一顿午餐大约3.5美元，这几乎是LeonardoBautista一天工资的一半，所以LeonardoBautista认为在市场上吃饭很贵。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些店主承认，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间。A.apologize道歉；B.think想；C.realize实现；D.